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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

Equipment for measuring cosmic-ray effects on DRAM

Jonsson, Per-Axel January 2007 (has links)
Nuclear particles hitting the silicon in a electronic device can cause a change in the data in a memory bit cell or in a flip-flop. The device is still working, but the data is corrupted and this is called a soft error. A soft error caused by a single nuclear particle is called a single event upset and is a growing problem. Research is ongoing at Saab aiming at how susceptible random access memories are to protons and neutrons. This thesis describes the development of equipment for measuring cosmic-ray effects on DRAM in laboratories. The system is built on existing hardware with a FPGA as the core unit. A short history of soft errors is also given and what causes it. How a DRAM works and basic operation is explained and the difference between a SRAM. The result is a working system ready to be used.
22

The cosmic muon flux in the ATLAS Detector at the Large Hadron Collider

Hill, Ewan Chin 01 September 2011 (has links)
Many ATLAS analyses study events with muons in them including those searching for the Higgs boson and new physics. Cosmics muons, however, can also occasionally enter the detector and mimic the trajectory of a muon from one of the collisions produced by CERN’s Large Hadron Collider. By understanding the different ways ATLAS triggers on, collects, reconstructs, and analyses data from cosmic rays and collisions, the flux of cosmic muons with transverse momenta above 20 GeV in the central region of the detector was measured to be 1.34 ± 0.06 (stat.) s^−1 m^−2 . At the same time the cosmic muon charge ratio has been measured to be 1.3 ± 0.1 (stat.). This measurement of the cosmic muon flux in ATLAS is the first step in quantifying the sizes of the cosmic muon backgrounds to various physics analyses that look for events with muons. / Graduate
23

Mechanical design and construction of solar panel experiment in stratospheric conditions

Hultmar, Oscar, Paulsson, Johan, Sundell, Jonathan January 2018 (has links)
This project will be a part of the LODESTAR experiment. LODESTAR is one of the experiments scheduled to fly on the REXUS/BEXUS 26 high altitude balloon flight. The primary objective of the experiment is to investigate the effects of cosmic radiation on CIGS solar cells. The objective of this project is to build a mechanical design that can fulfill all requirements set by the ESA user manual. The mechanical design will first be drawn in mechanical CAD, where the drawing will be constructed from the ESA requirements. Later the design will be simulated in order to choose appropriate materials and a design that can withstand all simulations. Lastly the design will be built according to the drawings and tested according to the simulations. The mechanical design withstood all the simulations and verification tests with no visual deformation, except for the simulation and verification of the drop test. Both the drop simulation and verification test resulted in deformation in one of the aluminium plates. Since this mechanical design is constructed to be used only once, small deformations is within the margin of error. The deformation resulted by the simulation and verification of the drop test matched with a high precision. This is a good confirmation of the results of the drop test. In conclusion, the executed tests gave very promising results. Therefor the design constructed fits all the requirements to travel with solar panels in stratospheric conditions. / LODESTAR -BEXUS Project
24

Estudo do comportamento de um detector de radiação passivo para fins aeronáuticos utilizando o método Monte Carlo / Performance study of a passive radiation detector for aviation purpose using the Monte carlo method

MENCARINI, LEONARDO de H. 09 October 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:42:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:01:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Dissertação (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
25

Estudo do comportamento de um detector de radiação passivo para fins aeronáuticos utilizando o método Monte Carlo / Performance study of a passive radiation detector for aviation purpose using the Monte carlo method

MENCARINI, LEONARDO de H. 09 October 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:42:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:01:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Profissionais da área aeronáutica, como pilotos e comissários de bordo, são submetidos a doses de radiação de origem cósmica, que podem ser maiores do que as doses médias dos trabalhadores da indústria nuclear. A diversidade de partículas de altas energias presentes no campo de radiação a bordo das aeronaves torna complexa a mensuração da dose e requer cuidados especiais em relação aos sistemas de dosimetria a serem empregados nesta área. A Força Aérea Brasileira, por meio de seu Instituto de Estudos Avançados (IEAv /DCTA), em conjunto com o Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN / CNEN -SP) vem estudando o assunto desde 2008. Um protótipo de detector de radiação passivo para medições em aeronaves foi previamente construído e testado em condições de voo e de laboratório. O detector é capaz de medir a grandeza dosimétrica conhecida como dose absorvida (usando dosímetros passivos), que serão posteriormente correlacionados ao equivalente de dose ambiente e à dose efetiva recebidos por profissionais da área aeronáutica. Neste contexto, uma abordagem teórica por meio de simulações Monte Carlo com os códigos computacionais MCNP5 e MCNPX, foi usada para modelar e caracterizar a resposta do detector em determinadas condições experimentais. Este trabalho apresenta os resultados preliminares da modelagem computacional, com ênfase especial na comparação entre a grandeza fundamental dose absorvida (mensurada e simulada) e sua relação com o equivalente de dose ambiente e dose efetiva para este detector. / Dissertação (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
26

Hybrid Carbon Nanotube Fabric for Shielding Ionizing Radiation

Chauhan, Devika 23 August 2022 (has links)
No description available.
27

Cosmic strings and scalar tensor gravity

Da Silva, Caroline Dos Santos January 1999 (has links)
This thesis is concerned with the study of cosmic strings. We studied the values for the Higgs mass and string coupling for which the gravitational effect of an infinite cosmic string in the context of the Einstein theory is not only locally but also globally weak. We conclude this happens for strings formed at scales less or equal to the Planck one with Higgs mass being less or equal to the boson vectorial mass. Then we examined the metric of an isolated self-gravitating abelian-Higgs vortex in dilatonic gravity for arbitrary coupling of the vortex fields to the dilaton. We looked for solutions in both massless and massive dilaton gravity. We compared our results to existing metrics for strings in Einstein and .Jordan-Brans-Dicke theories. We explored the generalisation of Bogomolnyi arguments for our vortices and commented on the effects on test particles. We then included the presence of an axion field and examined the metric of an isolated self-gravitating axionic-dilatonic string. Finally we studied dilatonic strings through black hole solutions in string theory. We concluded that the horizon of non-extreme charged black holes supports the long-range fields of the Nielsen-Olesen string that can be considered as black hole hair and whose gravitational effect is in general the production of a conical deficit into the metric of the black hole background. We also concluded that the effect of the dilaton on the horizon of these black holes is to generate an additional charge.
28

Avaliação da radioatividade natural em mármores e granitos comerciais do estado do Espírito Santo / Assessment of natural radioactivity in commercial marble and granite of Espírito Santo state

AQUINO, REGINALDO R. de 22 June 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Claudinei Pracidelli (cpracide@ipen.br) on 2016-06-22T13:47:28Z No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-22T13:47:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Tese (Doutorado em Tecnologia Nuclear) / IPEN/T / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
29

Avaliação da radioatividade natural em mármores e granitos comerciais do estado do Espírito Santo / Assessment of natural radioactivity in commercial marble and granite of Espírito Santo state

AQUINO, REGINALDO R. de 22 June 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Claudinei Pracidelli (cpracide@ipen.br) on 2016-06-22T13:47:28Z No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-22T13:47:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Neste trabalho foram determinadas as concentrações dos radionuclídeos naturais 226Ra, 232Th e 40K em amostras de granitos e mármores, abrangendo as principais lavras de extração do estado do Espírito Santo, sudeste do Brasil. Para cada sítio de estudo, três amostras foram seladas em frascos de 100 ml de polietileno de alta densidade. Após espera de aproximadamente 4 semanas para atingir o equilíbrio secular das séries do 238U e 232Th, as amostras foram medidas por espectrometria gama de alta resolução e o espectro analisado com o software WinnerGamma. A correção da auto-absorção foi realizada para todas as amostras utilizando expressão e método desenvolvidos para este fim. A concentração do 226Ra foi determinada pela média ponderada das concentrações do 214Pb e 214Bi, a concentração de 232Th pela média ponderada das concentrações dos 228Ac, 212Pb e 212Bi e a concentração de 40K pela sua transição única de 1460 keV. O equivalente em rádio e o índice gama foram obtidos a partir das concentrações de 226Ra, 232Th e 40K. O radônio emanado foi medido em câmera de exalação usando a técnica de detectores passivos de estado sólido (SSNTD) sendo estes expostos em monitor NRPB/SSI-H. Na exposição foi utilizado um detector comercial CR-39® e um plástico de fabricação nacional denominado Durolon® sendo caracterizado para este fim pela técnica desenvolvida denominada dupla exposição e fator de sensibilidade intrínseca. O plástico caracterizado mostrou-se eficiente para a aplicação e o fator de calibração correspondendo a 1,6±0,1 traços cm²(kBq m³dia)¹ em relação ao fator para o CR-39 que equivale a 2,8±0,2 traços cm²(kBq m³dia)¹. O detector mostrou maior eficiência para doses mais elevadas. A atividade determinada por detecção passiva mostrou atividades variando de 100±10 Bq·m³ até 2400±300 Bq·m³, destacando-se a maior taxa de exalação para o granito Iberê Mombasa. Para os mármores foram determinados valores variando entre 80±10 Bq·m³ até 200±25 Bq·m³ destacando os mármores Cintilante e Branco com maiores valores determinados. Os valores determinados para a taxa de exalação superficial apresentam-se aproximadamente iguais com exceção dos granitos Iberê Mombasa e Iberê Prado que apresentaram valores acima de 1 Bqm-2h-1. As medidas por espectrometria gama mostraram que as concentrações de 226Ra variaram de 1,9 0,2 Bq.kg-1 a 483 55 Bq.kg-1, com o maior valor para o granito Iberê Mombasa. As concentrações de 232Th variaram de 3,2 0,4 Bq.kg-1 a 224 6 Bq.kg-1, com o maior valor determinado para o granito Cinza Corumbá. As concentrações de 40K variaram de 8,8 1,8 Bq.kg-1 a 1642 167 Bq.kg-1, com o maior valor determinado para o granito Iberê Vitara. O cálculo do equivalente em rádio mostrou que a maioria das amostras podem ser definidas como categoria-I (aplicação civil) abaixo de 370 Bq.kg-1, exceto para os granitos Cinza Corumbá, Iberê Crema Bordeaux e Iberê Mombasa que podem ser classificados como categoria II (até 740 Bq.kg-1). A maioria dos granitos avaliados mostraram índices de exposição interno e externos abaixo de 1,0 mSv·ano¹, exceto os granitos Cinza Corumbá, Iberê Crema Bordeaux e Iberê Mombasa que superaram este valor entre 1,0 a 3,2 mSv·ano¹ deste índice. Para a exposição anual, apenas os granitos Cinza Corumbá, Iberê Crema Bordeaux e Iberê Mombasa superaram o limite de 1,5 mSv·ano¹. Para os índices de exposição alfa apenas os granito Iberê Crema Bordeaux e Iberê Mombasa são limitados a confecção de material de construção para aplicações superficiais. Entretanto, se considerando o índice de exposição gama, os granitos Cinza Corumbá, Cinza Andorinha, Amarelo Icarai, Cinza Ocre, Iberê Crema Bordeaux e Iberê Mombasa terão aplicação controlada. Conclui-se que os granitos em sua maioria e todos os mármores avaliados apresentam aplicações possíveis em diferentes setores de atividade e para diferentes finalidades e que os granitos que excedem os índices não devam ser aplicados em interiores de residências. / Tese (Doutorado em Tecnologia Nuclear) / IPEN/T / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
30

Optimization of rectifiers for aviation regarding power density and reliability / Optimierung von Gleichrichtern für die Luftfahrt unter Berücksichtigung von Leistungsdichte und Zuverlässigkeit

Liebig, Sebastian 01 June 2015 (has links) (PDF)
The intentions of the so-called "More Electrical Aircraft" (MEA) are higher efficiency and lower weight. A main topic here is the application of electrical instead of hydraulical, pneumatical and mechanical systems. The necessary power electronic devices have intermediate DC-links, which are typically supplied by a three-phase system with active B6 and passive B12 rectifiers. A possible alternative is the B6 diode bridge in combination with an active power filter (APF). Due to the parallel arrangement, the APF offers a higher power density and is able to compensate for harmonics from several devices. The use of the diode bridge rectifier alone is not permitted due to the highly distorted phase current. The following investigations are dealing with the development of an active power filter for a three-phase supply with variable frequency from 360 to 800 Hz. All relevant components such as inductors, EMC-filters, power modules and DC-link capacitor are designed. A particular focus is put on the customized power module with SiC-MOSFETs and SiC-diodes, which is characterized electrically and thermally. The maximum supply frequency slope has a value of 50 Hz/ms, which requires a high dynamic and robustness on the control algorithm. Furthermore, the content of 5th and 7th harmonics must be reduced to less than 2 %, which demands a high accuracy. To cope with both requirements, a two-stage filter algorithm is developed and implemented in two independent signal processors. Simulations and laboratory experiments confirm the performance and robustness of the control algorithm. This work comprehensively presents the design of aerospace rectifiers. The results were published in conferences and patents. / Hauptziele des sogenannten "More Electrical Aircraft" (MEA) sind Effizienzerhöhung und Gewichtseinsparung. Ein Schwerpunkt hierbei ist die Nutzung von elektrischen statt hydraulischen, pneumatischen und mechanischen Systemen. Die notwendigen Leistungselektroniken haben DC-Zwischenkreise, welche mittels aktiven B6 und passiven B12 Gleichrichtern aus dem Dreiphasennetz gespeist werden. Eine mögliche Alternative ist die B6 Diodenbrücke in Kombination mit einem aktiven Netzfilter, welcher aufgrund der parallelen Anordnung eine höhere Leistungsdichte aufweist und darüber hinaus mehrere Geräte gleichzeitig entstören kann. Die alleinige Nutzung einer Diodenbrücke ist aufgrund des hohen Anteils von Stromharmonischen nicht zulässig. Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Entwicklung eines aktiven Filters für ein Dreiphasensystem mit variabler Frequenz von 360 bis 800 Hz. Es werden alle relevanten Bauteile wie Induktivitäten, EMV-Filter, Leistungsmodule und Zwischenkreiskondensator ausgelegt. Besonderes Augenmerk liegt auf dem kundenspezifischen Modul mit SiC-Dioden und SiCMOSFETs, welches vollständig elektrisch und thermisch charakterisiert wird. Die Änderung der Netzfrequenz beträgt bis zu 50 Hz/ms, was eine hohe Dynamik und Robustheit von der Filterregelung verlangt. Weiterhin ist im statischen Fall eine hohe Genauigkeit gefordert, da die 5. und 7. Harmonische auf unter 2% geregelt werden müssen. Um beiden Anforderungen gerecht zu werden, wird ein zweistufiger Regelungsalgorithmus entwickelt der auf zwei digitalen Signalprozessoren implementiert wird. Simulationen und Labormessungen bestätigen die Robustheit des Regelungskonzeptes. Diese Arbeit stellt umfassend die Entwicklung von Luftfahrtgleichrichtern dar. Die Ergebnisse wurden in Konferenzen und Patenten veröffentlicht.

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