Thesis (M.Soc.Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1992. / Also available in print.

A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Arts in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Criminal Justice at the University of Zululand, 2000. / Fear of crime has become a much documented crime related problem. It can lead to avoidance behaviour, for example when normal social activities are curtailed and certain areas are avoided. Lewis and Salem (1986:3) conclude that "fear of crime [has become] as much of a social problem as the crime itself. Fear of crime is escalating in most parts of South Africa. In black urban as well as rural areas, it is so high that it seriously affects lifestyles and quality of life. The impact of crime can be noted in the changes in lifestyle that are made as a result of the threat of crime. People restrict their normal activities and alter their behaviour in response to the fear of crime. Many countries in the western world have been grappling with the reality of high levels of crime for a number of decades. The crime problem is closely related to the general stability and economic position of a country. This is a well known fact that in South Africa people tend to restrict their normal activities and alter their behaviour in response to fear of crime. The consequences of fear of crime are varied and numerous: psychologically, fear of crime generates feeling of anxiety, genera! mistrust, alienation, dissatisfaction with life and in some cases, mental illness (Glanz 19B9:54). Socially the fear of crime may lead to: — a breakdown of social cohesion and solidarity; — curtailment of normal activities; — avoidance of sites and situations associated with crime; — disappearance of sociability, mutual trust, willingness to support or assist other people; and — the avoidance of strangers (Smith & Glanz 1989:54).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Texas, Aug., 2009. / Title from title page display. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (MPsy(Specialisation))--University of South Australia, 2003.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Northeastern University, 2008. / Title from title page (viewed April 3, 2009). Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Dept. of Sociology and Anthropology. Includes bibliographical references (p. 225-237)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, Dept. of Sociology, December 2002. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet.

Thesis advisor: Andrew Beauchamp / This dissertation examines how some policies, though not intended to, can influence youth crime. The first chapter studies the minimum dropout age (MDA), a compulsory schooling policy. This paper exploits state-level policy variation to identify the immediate and long-run effects of the MDA on crime. I find that higher compulsory schooling ages decrease male property crime while individuals are forced to be in school, but this effect dissipates in early adulthood. Male drug crime, however, experiences a decrease in both the short and long-run. These results provide further evidence for the incapacitation effect of schooling. The inconsistent long-run effect, however, calls into question the size of compulsory schooling's human capital effect on crime. The evidence indicates that, rather than a human capital effect, long-run decreases in crime may be explained by a dynamic incapacitation effect that is stronger for certain crimes, e.g., drug vs. property crimes. These findings have policy implications for crime deterrence and our understanding of criminal career development. The second chapter (co-authored with Drew Beauchamp) investigates how increases in the minimum wage impact the criminal behavior of affected workers. A growing body of empirical evidence indicates that increases in the minimum wage have a displacement effect on low-skilled workers. We use detailed panel data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 cohort to examine the effect of increases in the minimum wage on self-reported criminal activity and test the employment-crime substitution hypothesis. Exploiting changes in state and federal minimum wage laws from 1997 to 2010, we find that workers who are affected by a change in the minimum wage are more likely to become idle and unemployed. Further, there is an increase of property theft among both the unemployed and employed, suggesting that substitution between employment and crime is stronger than the income effect. These findings have implications for policy regarding both the low-wage labor market and criminal activity. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2013. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Economics.

Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

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