Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 32-04, Section: A, page: 2217. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 1971.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 31-05, Section: A, page: 2520. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 1970.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 32-11, Section: A, page: 6563. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 1971.

No description available.

A strong connection between substance use and other criminal behaviors like violent and property crimes has been demonstrated by prior research (Bennett, Holloway, & Farrington, 2008), but the exact interconnections of this relationship remain elusive (White & Gorman, 2000). Some researchers have advocated for more examination of serious, chronic, problematic substance use or substance abuse. The medical field views substance abuse as a disease or disorder that has an impact on the body and mind (O’Brien, 2011a) and focuses on specific criteria that could be seen as symptoms of these damaging effects (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 1994; 2013). This dissertation attempts to examine these elements of substance abuse within the criminological framework of general strain theory (GST) as a substance-related health strain and to explore its relationship with criminal arrest. I hypothesize substance-related health strain will positively influence criminal arrests as a strain in itself, but that this connection will also vary depending on crime and substance type. I also hypothesize that this connection will be conditioned by positive coping resources that are important to GST. Data to examine these questions will be taken from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). Results indicate that substance-related health strain does positively influence criminal arrest. This interconnection is moderated by the coping resource of social support but not social controls. Additionally, this relationship varies slightly by crime and substance type. Future research, public policy implications, and limitations to this study will also be discussed. / A Dissertation submitted to the College of Criminology and Criminal Justice in partial fulfillment of the Doctor of Philosophy. / Summer Semester 2017. / July 18, 2017. / addiction, epidemiology, general strain theory, health, health strain, substance abuse / Includes bibliographical references. / Patricia Warren, Professor Directing Dissertation; Stephen Tripodi, University Representative; Eric Stewart, Committee Member; Jillian Turanovic, Committee Member.

<p>Eftersom människor använder stereotyper som tumregler i sociala situationer, är det möjligt att de förekommer i rättsprocessen när bedömningar görs. Forskning har funnit bedömningsskillnader relaterade till gärningspersonens utseendemässiga karaktäristika. Syftet med studien var att undersöka om gärningspersonens kön, attraktivitet och ålder påverkar graden av klandervärdhet och längd på fängelsestraff samt om de påverkar motiveringarna till fängelsestraffets längd. Utifrån en fallbeskrivning om ett dråp med varierad ansiktsbild på gärningspersonen fick 192 deltagare svara på frågor om klandervärdhet och straff. Resultaten visade att männen tilldelades ett längre fängelsestraff än kvinnorna. Även de oattraktiva yngre tilldelades ett längre fängelsestraff. De yngre gärningspersonernas beteende förklarades med flest interna orsaker.   Att fler skillnader inte erhölls kan bero på att attraktivitet och ålder är subjektiva och därmed svårbedömda samt att flera faktorer än de som avsågs varierade i gärningspersonsbilden. De erhållna skillnaderna beror troligtvis på faktiska bedömningsskillnader till följd av stereotyper utifrån en gärningspersons utseendemässiga karaktäristika.</p>

The current research focuses on parents' level of understanding of Miranda rights and parents' likelihood of encouraging their teenagers to waive their Miranda rights. The previous research suggests that parents alone may not adequately protect juveniles' rights during interrogation and waiver. Prior research also suggests that parents' and juveniles' past experience with the justice system may not help them during their current interrogation and waiver. A 17-item questionnaire was used to assess the two dependent variables and the two independent variables. The two dependent variables were parents' understanding of Miranda rights and parents' likelihood of encouraging arrested teens to waive their rights. The two independent variables were whether or not a parent has been arrested and whether or not the teenager has been arrested. There were four conditions: parents who had been arrested with teenagers who had been arrested, parents who had been arrested with teenagers who had not been arrested, parents who had not been arrested with teenagers who had been arrested, and parents who had not been arrested with teenagers who had not been arrested. Several ANOVAs (Analyses of Variance) and one ANCOVA (Analysis of Covariance) revealed patterns in the data supporting the hypothesis that parents may not provide adequate support for teenagers during the waiver process. Overall, past experience was shown not to have an effect on the likelihood for parents to encourage waiver or on their score on the Comprehension o/Miranda Rights - Recognition (CMRR) (used to measure level of understanding of the Miranda warnings) (Grisso, 1998). Furthermore, the implications for this study supported the notion that having legal counsel present during the waiver process is beneficial to the arrested teenager.

The study was conducted in order to determine the effects of the Citizen Police Academy (CPA) program on community and officer attitudes. The two main goals of this program are to increase officer awareness of community concerns and to raise community awareness about the police department. Surveys were distributed to three groups: employees of the Bowling Green Police Department, all alumni of the CPA, and a random sample of the local community. Participants were asked their attitudes regarding crime prevention, awareness of police officers' activities, and the effectiveness of the CPA program. T-tests and ANOVAs determined that police officers who had participated with the CPA did not express significantly more support for the CPA program than did those who had not participated with the program. Community members rated officer awareness of community concerns lower than did the officers themselves. Finally, alumni were able to identify obscure programs discussed by the CPA significantly more often than were community members. Results of this assessment seem to indicate that the CPA is successfully meeting its goal of increasing community awareness about the police department. Use of these results for improving the program are discussed.

Individuals resorting to violent aggression in the form of criminal homicide have often been the object of great public concern. Of the many actions punishable by criminal law, the taking of a human life by another human being most often entails a severe sanction, especially when it has been done deliberately and with a degree of premeditation. Public fear and concern dictate forceful sanctioning toward the homicide offender or offenders; no other criminal offense is so likely to result in the death penalty or life imprisonment.

The study of victimization among the elderly crosses multiple disciplines. A large body of research focuses on identifying the nature of and risk factors for elder abuse, while theory has remained relatively underdeveloped in the elder abuse literature. In comparison, the criminological literature is characterized by a plethora of theoretically-driven studies that explore the causes of crime and victimization. Criminology, however, is heavily focused on crimes committed by and against younger individuals. The current study filled a gap in both bodies of work by using the lifestyles/routine activities theoretical (L/RAT) framework, a widely-used criminological perspective, to understand victimization risk among a sample of 1,257 younger and older adults. Using multivariate logistic regression models, it was found that age was a significant predictor of victimization risk. Consistent with findings from the criminological literature, victimization risk generally declines with age. Findings also suggested that the effects of L/RAT variables vary across offense type, as well as across the lifecourse. Implications for theoretical development, policy, and practice are discussed, as well as directions for future research.