Crises lurk around our daily life. Disasters happen any time and they always make a huge impact on the life, property or people¡¦s confidence whether the crises are natural or man-made. However, both government and enterprise can not get rid of the challenge of the crisis. As far as the government organization is concerned, each of the disasters challenges the ability of facing crisis towards the authority concerns such as the 921 earthquake, the Bajhang River event, the debris flow disaster and the Typhoon Nari. This research wants to examine the current circumstance of the crisis management in the central public sector by using a large amount of the questionnaires which target the people who are in charge of the public relationship service. This research also wants to discuss the relationship between the organization characteristics of the central public sector and the strategies of the communication management in the crisis response stage. Hence, this research probes into these topics by the following items: 1. To realize the circumstance of the prevention before the crisis and the preparation stage of the crisis communication management in the central public sector. 2. To realize the circumstance of the crisis response from the crisis communication management in the central public sector. 3. To research the relationship of the organization characteristics and the crisis communication management method that differentiates from the different central public sector. This research proceeds with the methodology of social survey and have the investigation towards the different persons in charge of the public relationship service in the varied central public sectors. Some conclusions are conducted such as below: 1. In the prevention stage of the crisis communication, the circumstance of the issue management is that most of the public relationship service departments of the central public sector are capable of issue monitoring. 2. In the prevention stage of the crisis communication, the circumstance of the relation management can be concluded as: most of the people who are in charge of public relationship in the central public sector can be self affirmative and make a decent relationship with stakeholders. 3. The circumstance of the communication mechanism in the crisis response stage in the government departments: a. Within the past ten years, the central public sector has been aware of the importance of the crisis management policy by degree and it makes the percentage of setting crisis management police raised up to 60 %. b. It is more popular to build up the crisis management team than setting the article of the crisis management policy. Moreover, most of them agree to prevent or to be against the crisis event by using a team and emphasize on the participation of the public relationship service in charge. c. The government office, e.g. crisis management center, that sets up the mechanism of the crisis management team and emphasizes on the operation of the crisis communication management would have the latest media list in hand and set up a spokesperson in general. 4. The image restoration strategies in the crisis response stage The circumstance of the message delivering form: the image restoration strategies reach a considerably plane from the aspect of the availability, the quickness and the consistency for the government office. Furthermore, the quickness is the most distinguished one. 5. The communication autonomy of the people who are in charge of the government public relationship in the crisis response stage: In general, the communication autonomy for the people who are in charge of the government public relationship needs to be improved. But, there are no communication conflicts with the law staff during the crisis event. On the contrary, they become a team to work together. 6. The relationship between the characteristics of the organization and crisis communication management. a. The relationship between the characteristics of the organization and issue management: this research shows result that the characteristics of the organization may have some influences to the issue management. b. The relationship between the characteristics of the organization and the relations management: the government office that has an independent public relationship service performs the better results than the office that does not have the independent pubic relationship service towards the most respected people. c. The relationship between the characteristics of the organization and the crisis communication management: the central public sector that has more budget approved, more employees and also set up an independent public relationship department may have high percentage to set up crisis management policy; The central public sector that has more budget approved may have high percentage to have the mechanism of building up the crisis management team; The government department that sets schedule to perform public relationship and it is also a government staff unit may have high percentage to have the latest media list in hand; It obviously has the high percentage to set up crisis management communication center in the government staff unit than the national corporations; The government department that has long history may have high percentage to hold a spokesman; A government department has independent public relationship office may have high percentage to have disciplined spokesman to communicate with mass media. d. The relationship between the characteristics of the organization and the message delivering form: the scale of the organization and the public relationship discipline improve the image restoration strategies in the message delivering form.

Due to rising standard of life in Taiwan, power consumption rose dramatically, power systems network are becoming complicated, thus serious impact increasingly. But for many Taipower on-site staffs, lack of blackout related experience and emergency plan. Therefore it is necessary to understand the weaknesses of Taipower systems and the cause and affect of accidental accidents over the years, to develop blackout emergency plan and minimum the loss. In July 29, 1999, Taiwan had occurred unprecedented collapse of the power transmission system in the midnight, caused the country blackouts, outages four-fifths of users in Taiwan, this was the biggest power rationing during the past 50 years. Then 921 Chichi earthquakes, Chung-Liao substation led to the dumping destroyed, caused more than two weeks of power rationing in northern Taiwan. Such comprehensive blackout in the high-tech industries economic pattern¡¦s country like ours, the losses caused of the economic impact is goes without saying. This Study is base on the ¡§Crisis Management¡¨ theory to explore the emergency response while the power outage occurs, and how to deal with the crisis issue. This thesis through data collected, literature review and in-depth interview results, analysis Taipower internal contingency handling mechanism through unpredicted natural disasters or artificial improper operation, intend for Taipower reference to construct a contingency mechanism for unexpected incident which triggered off a blackout accident.

Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Defense Decision-Making and Planning)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2004. / Thesis advisor(s): David S. Yost. Includes bibliographical references (p. 57-64). Also available online.

Thesis (M. Arch.)--University of Hong Kong, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2009. / Adviser: Thomas T. H. Wan. Includes bibliographical references (p. 196-209).

Crisis management in law enforcement context is considered to be a kind of Naturalistic Decision-making (NDM), which is hard to acquire due to the ill-structured, non-determined nature of crisis is also a challenge. Crisis either natural or man-made comes in all forms and degree of intensity. In a NDM situation, the crisis management personnel are usually anticipated in a dynamic environment of high level stress and uncertainty. Therefore, each critical incident is different; it can neither be treated identically nor pre-determined. In addition, crisis management is a small group activity that involves a number of parties or roles at different geographic locations. Groupthink is a term coined by psychologist (Janis, 1972), Groupthink victims ignore alternatives and tend to make irrational decisions in facing crises. The literature review finds that group think tendency is high for crisis management, especially in law enforcement agencies. In fact, the danger of groupthink is the most serious threat to good decision-making for effective crisis management. There are two sets of research questions for this study. The first set comprises three research questions on how the design features of an online role play simulation affect the effectiveness of crisis management training in a law enforcement context. The research focuses on three aspects: storytelling, use of multimedia and recording facilities. The second set comprises two research questions on whether and how the use of an online role play simulation affects trainees’ learning and understanding of groupthink tendency. Many researchers suggest that role play simulation (RPS) is a suitable tool for crisis management training for the realisation of collaboration and authentic situation awareness. In this paper, a case study of crisis management training in the context of law enforcement using online RPS is illustrated. By using Bales' Interaction Process Analysis (IPA) method, the interactions of participants in training are observed and categorised. The results show that using online role play simulation in crisis management training has positive effect on the reduction of Groupthink tendency. The existing groupthink research is mainly based on content analysis of retrospective data, and information or empirical observations gathered in laboratory settings. Very often, only a partial model is examined. Therefore, online role play simulations can be a new method to groupthink research. Since online role play simulations can provide a holistic scenario for the crisis management exercise. As such, the whole crisis process can be visualised by researchers and facilitators. Finally, the groupthink tendency can be observed, recorded and analysed. In fact, due to the complexity of the groupthink model, many researchers can only focus on partial or several variables of the whole process in their studies. This study provides a ground work on online role play simulation research with an application on crisis management training. Design-based Research (DBR) is adopted in this study and this methodology is new to this kind of research. DBR is proved to be a suitable methodology as researcher can improve and generate evidence-based claims about learning through iterations of refinement. In addition, this study also shows that online role play simulation can be a research tool for the holistic study of groupthink. / published_or_final_version / Education / Doctoral / Doctor of Education

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2008. / Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 67-71). Also available online in ProQuest, free to University of Oregon users.

Thesis (DPsych) -- School of Life and Social Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, 2009. / Submitted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Professional Doctorate in Counselling Psychology in the Faculty of Life and Social Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, 2009". Includes bibliographical references (p. 168-189)

Thesis (D. Min.)--Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary, 1992. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 358-370).

Thesis (M.Arch.)--University of Hong Kong, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print.