Yes / Although urgent primary eye care schemes exist in some areas of England, their current safety is unknown. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to quantify the clinical safety and effectiveness of a COVID-19 Urgent Eyecare Service (CUES) across Luton, Bedford, Hull, East Riding of Yorkshire and Harrogate. Consenting patients with acute onset eye problems who had accessed the service were contacted to ascertain what the optometrist's recommendation was, whether this worked, if they had to present elsewhere and how satisfied they were with the CUES. A total of 27% (170/629) and 6.3% (28/445) of patients managed virtually and in person, respectively, did not have their acute eye problem resolved. Regression analysis revealed that patients who attended a face-to-face consultation were 4.66 times more likely to be correctly managed [Exp (β) = 5.66], relative to those solely managed virtually. Optometrists' phone consultations failed to detect conditions such as stroke, intracranial hypertension, suspected space occupying lesions, orbital cellulitis, scleritis, corneal ulcer, wet macular degeneration, uveitis with macular oedema and retinal detachment. Of referrals to hospital ophthalmology departments, in total, 19% were false-positives. Patients, however, were typically very satisfied with the service. Uptake was associated with socioeconomic status. The present study found that a virtual assessment service providing optometrist tele-consultations was not effective at resolving patients' acute-onset eye problems. The range and number of pathologies missed by tele-consultations suggests that the service model in the present study was detrimental to patient safety. To improve this, optometrists should follow evidence based guidance when attempting to manage patients virtually, or in person. For example, patients presenting with acute-onset symptoms of flashing lights and/or floaters require an urgent dilated fundus examination. Robust data collection on service safety is required on an ongoing basis.

In this thesis, three kinds of depth perception symbols are designed and evaluated with an implemented Augmented Reality prototype. The three types of depth perception symbol's purpose are to intuitively visualize depth for objects whose position is too far away to see without technical assistance. The area needed to be aware of is increasing with time since weapons are developed to operate at farther distances. The symbols, together with Augmented Reality, could improve the situational awareness of dismounted soldiers during navigation and in that way allow the soldiers to be aware of a larger area.  This thesis aims to investigate if the natural depth perception cues Relative size, Aerial effect, and Drop-line effect improve the depth perception of virtual symbols displayed on a handheld 2D screen with Augmented Reality.  The three different depth perception cues were integrated into the three symbol designs. The symbol designs were then put into an Augmented Reality prototype that was used during an explorative user study with eight participants. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected with a presurvey, interviews, and a post-test-questionnaire.  The study's results indicate that the three depth perception cues intuitively visualize depth when integrated into the three symbol designs. The most intuitive symbol design combined the three depth perception cues. / <p>Examensarbetet är utfört vid Institutionen för teknik och naturvetenskap (ITN) vid Tekniska fakulteten, Linköpings universitet</p>

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