Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Peru present problems such as access to the national market due to limited capital or access to technology compared to large companies. However, they also lack an adequate definition and conceptualization of their processes, as well as a low level of business information transfer, which causes an absence in the measurement, control of processes and low operational performance. Given this situation, we propose the application and implementation of knowledge management tools in a company dedicated to the marketing and distribution of school supplies, which represents an SME in Peru. The tools used as the map of processes and flowcharts of the different processes were used to make the participants of the processes known. Through the realization of training, performance evaluations and internal audit, the learning of the operator is analyzed. As a result, there was a 57.63% decrease in errors in armed orders during picking, as well as a decrease of 7.98% and 8.59% of times in the execution of the processes under study for small orders and larger orders, respectively. Similarly, 96.56% of dispatches generated correctly were obtained.

Many older patients are not being aggressively managed for hypertension. Healthcare providers are often hesitant to start or even aggressively titrate antihypertensive medication, especially in the aged. Multiple studies have demonstrated that morbidity and mortality can be significantly reduced by appropriate intervention in all age groups. There are some clinical situations, however, where the provider must approach cautiously, such as in patients with a wide pulse pressure or those with a propensity toward adverse reactions. The data are clear that in the United States, undertreatment, rather than overtreatment, appears to be the issue. This article reviews studies that support the aggressive treatment of hypertension. The nuances of aging, which often influence the healthcare provider's treatment decisions, are also discussed. Suggestions for reasonable approaches to these difficult cases will be considered.

Pluvial flood is a natural hazard that severely threatens people’s property and safety. With the development of algorithms and computer technologies, numerical modeling has emerged as an effective tool for predicting the impacts of floods. Despite being one of the most costly types of floods in West Africa, pluvial flooding has not been studied as extensively as riverine flooding, probably because modeling runoff across urban areas remains a challenge. Recently, a module based on the SCS Curve Number Method is incorporated in the open-source software TELEAMC-2D, which provides a possibility to model the infiltration process dynamically. TELEMAC-2D is one of the first hydraulic models to consider hydrologic parameters. Although the update is expected to increase the suitability of TELAMC-2D in pluvial flood modeling, the infiltration routine has not yet been tested in a real situation in a semi-arid area. This study aims to investigate the capability of TELEMAC-2D in simulating the rainfall-runoff process during a pluvial flood event in a semi-arid urban area, Niamey city in west Africa. Due to the lack of calibration data, a hydrological model SWAT is used to evaluate the performance of TELEMAC-2D. Through the comparison between the runoffs generated by the two models, it is found that TELEMAC-2D has a similar trend with SWAT in runoff simulation. However, TELEMAC-2D significantly overestimates the runoff magnitude despite having the same SCS values as SWAT. The reason for the overestimation is TELEMAC-2D that does not properly consider evaporation. Two suggestions are made to improve pluvial floods simulations using TELEMAC-2D in semi-arid areas: 1) couple TELEMAC-2D with a hydrologic model, and use net rainfall generated by the hydrologic model as precipitation input; 2) provide functions in infiltration subroutine that calculate rainfall abstractions by other hydrologic phenomena in addition to the infiltration process.

Title: Draft of the coach manual for skicross coaches Objetives: The aim of the diploma thesis is to create draft of the coach manual for skicross. Draft containing a methodological procedure for the acquisition of specific technical aspects in the discipline of skicross, draft of a training concept and introduction to the historical development of the discipline and to its rules. Methods: There was used the method of critical analysis of the documents. Then data from the author's experiences who was the coach in this discipline. And data obtained from interviews with selected respondents. Results: The result of the thesis is the draft of a comprehensive methodology and clarification of specific technical aspects for this discipline. Furthermore, the introduction to the long-term training concept and the periodization of the training process of this discipline. This thesis also presents the characteristics of this discipline, its historical development and rules. Conclusion: The draft of the methodology together with the draft of a long-term training concept will serve as a basis for the creation of a comprehensive coaching manual in the future. As there is no other methodology from abroad we must take into account the fact that this methodological approach and its procedures will change and adjust...

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(社会健康医学) / 甲第19639号 / 社医博第72号 / 新制||社医||9(附属図書館) / 32675 / 京都大学大学院医学研究科社会健康医学系専攻 / (主査)教授 今中 雄一, 教授 佐藤 俊哉, 教授 木原 正博 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Public Health / Kyoto University / DFAM

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第20160号 / 理博第4245号 / 新制||理||1610(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院理学研究科数学・数理解析専攻 / (主査)教授 望月 新一, 教授 岡本 久, 教授 玉川 安騎男 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第20918号 / 理博第4370号 / 新制||理||1627(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院理学研究科物理学・宇宙物理学専攻 / (主査)准教授 上田 佳宏, 准教授 野上 大作, 教授 太田 耕司 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

This paper seeks to investigate whether a short-run Phillips curve exists between 1997-2022, and if there are evident changes in the trade-off since 2020, which could be due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine. As the macroeconomic environment has changed drastically in the last couple of years, both as a result of the economic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic and the invasion of Ukraine, the relationship evolvement of the Phillips curve since the start of 2020 is of particular interest to investigate. The method used in this study is consistent with the approach utilized by Svensson (2015) in his estimation of the Phillips curve. However, Svensson’s study covers the period between 1997:Q4-2011:Q4, while our study portrays the short-run relationship until 2022:Q4. Additionally, dummy variables are incorporated into the OLS regression using robust standard errors to account for the impact of the economic disruptions since 2020. This study suggests that Sweden has a negative short-run Phillips curve equal to -2.5 for the whole period investigated. However, the study cannot conclude that there is a statistically significant change in the trade-off of the short-run Phillips curve after the start of 2020.

Climate change is one of the highest priority problems which needs to be addressed. The Paris Agreement focuses on zero-carbon solutions and to stop global warming while the United Nations highlights 17 sustainability goals. Climate action is one of those goals aiming to increase resilience to climate hazards and implement national policies and strategies towards climate change. Economic growth is also one of the United Nation’s sustainability goals and should not be compromised. This thesis is investigating how economic growth can be maintained while reducing carbon emissions. To reach this objective carbon emissions need to be decoupled from economic growth and this study analyses the key factors that drive decoupling and how the objective can be achieved. The study was performed over 14 countries during 2000 to 2019 within the EU, using secondary data from open sources. Tapio’s decoupling elasticity model was considered for the observed countries, and a quantitative analysis over carbon emissions, economic growth and several other variables was performed over the panel data using regression models. The shape of the environmental curve was alsoinvestigated using a regression model. The results showed that carbon emissions can be decoupled from economic growth where renewable energy, environmental patents and investments in research and development are key factors. Renewable energy is considered as a proxy for new technologies while environmental patents and investments in research and development, as proxies for innovation. Energyconsumption played a vital role since it decreased less than carbon emissions during those years, but at the same time economic growth could be increased. The quantitative analysis showed that renewable energy, energy intensity, environmental patents, foreign direct investments, and population growth aresignificant factors that can reduce carbon emissions. It is also shown that increases in gross domestic product (GDP) drives carbon emissions increases. The analysis provided indications for an N-shaped environmental curve. Investments in renewable energy, environmental patents and energy efficiency are principal factors to reach the climate goals of reducing carbon emissions without sacrificing economic growth. For future research, it would be interesting to see how individual sectors or clusters of countriesare affecting the results. Another suggestion is to study the pandemic period (2020-2021) and the effect of the latest energy crisis linked with the war in Ukraine to understand the impacts on carbon emissions and economic growth.

We establish consistent definitions for divisors, principal divisors, and Jacobians of a tropical elliptic curve and show that for a tropical elliptic cubic C , the associated Jacobian (or zero divisor class group) is the group S^1(Q).