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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

In vitro modelling of tau phosphorylating kinases: emphasis on Cdk5 /

Jämsä, Anne, January 2007 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.
2

The effects of Calpain-Cdk5-p35 pathway inhibition on rat spinal cord injury, acute pain, and morphine tolerance

Wang, Cheng-Haung 27 January 2005 (has links)
Spinal cord injury, acute pain, and morphine tolerance are important issues in the clinical practice. A primary injury to the spinal cord causes both morphological and biochemical changes with initiation of the devastating secondary pathophysiological pathways that ultimately destroy CNS cells and cause degeneration of nerve fibers. Tissue injury is associated with sensitization of nociceptors and subsequent changes in the excitability of central neurons, known as central sensitization. Nociceptor sensitization and central sensitization are believed to underlie the development of primary and secondary hyperalgesia, respectively. The most efficacious drugs used to relieve pain are the opioid analgesics. Chronic administration leads to the development of tolerance. Tolerance is manifested as a decreased potency of the drug, so that progressively larger doses must be administered to achieve a given level of analgesia. The processes underlying opioid tolerance still need to be elucidated. Recently, it is found calpain-Cdk5 (cyclin-dependent kinase-5)-p35 pathway modulation implicated in neuroprotection, acute nociceptive response, and morphine analgesia. In this thesis, we evaluate calpain inhibitor-MDL28170 and Cdk5 inhibitor-roscovitine against rat spinal cord hemisection, formalin-induced acute nociceptive responses, and chronic morphine tolerance. We found calpain-Cdk5-p35 pathway inhibition could protect spinal cord hemisection and subsequent neurodegeneration, inhibit formalin-induced flinch response involving DARPP-32 (dopamine and c-AMP regulated phosphoprotein, MW=32 kDa) phosphorylation, and reverse right shifted morphine dose-response curve with upregulated ED50 (50% of effective dose) reduction. Taken together, calpain-Cdk5-p35 pathway inhibition is useful in the management of spinal cord injury, acute inflammatory pain, and attenuate morphine tolerance development with further clinical application.
3

The effects of cdk5 inhibitor ¡Ð roscovitine on morphine antinociceptive tolerance, formalin-induced pain behavior and pilocarpine-induced seizure in Sprague¡VDawley rats

Wnag, Cheng-Huang 22 July 2002 (has links)
Cyclin-dependent kinase-5 (Cdk5) was identified as a serine/threonine kinase that plays an important role in neuronal development. Association with one of the neuronal activators, p35 or p39, is required for Cdk5 to elicit its diverse effects in the nervous system, such as neurite outgrowth. In addition to these, increasing evidence suggests that Cdk5 also plays an important role in cocaine addiction, neurotransmitter release, NMDA receptor phosphorylation. This thesis is divided into three parts which deals with the effects of Cdk5 inhibitor¡Ðroscovitine on the morphine tolerance development, acute inflammatory pain, and pilocarpine-induced seizure respectively. The first part explored the effect of Cdk5 inhibitior¡Ðroscovitine on the morphine antinociceptive tolerance development. Delta FosB activation is involved in morphine tolerance. Cyclin-dependent kinase- 5 (Cdk5) is found to be the downstream target of delta FosB. We examined the effects of the potent selective Cdk5 inhibitor¡Ðroscovitine on the development of antinociceptive tolerance of morphine. Tolerance was induced by continuous infusion of morphine 5 µg/hr intrathecally (i.t.) for 5 days. The effect of co-administration of roscovitine 1 µg/hr i.t. for 5 days was also examined. Roscovitine co-administration enhanced the antinociceptive effect of morphine in morphine tolerant rats. It also shift the morphine antinociceptive dose¡Ðresponse curve to the left during morphine tolerance induction, and reduced the increase in the ED50 of morphine two-fold. Collectively, these findings suggest Cdk5 modulation may be involved in the development of morphine tolerance and its inhibitor will enhance antinociceptive effect. The second part discussed the roscovitine effect on acute inflammatory pain. Formalin injected into the rat hind paw will evoke flinching (consisting of an elevation and shrinking back of the injected paw), a reliable parameter of pain behavior. The nociceptive response to formalin occurs in a biphasic pattern: there isan initial acute period (phase 1), and after a short period of remission, phase 2 begins and consists of a longer period (1 hour) of sustained activity. The initial response was initially attributed to a direct algogenic effect of formalin, whereas phase 2 was associated with the central sensitization. In this study, the Cdk5 inhibitor¡Ðroscovitine was injected intrathecally to elucidate the mechanism of Cdk5 activation during formalin-induced hyperalgesia. The 50 ul of 5% formalin solution was used as the noxious stimulant. The rats were injected with 0, 50, 100, and 200ug roscovitine intrathecally thirty minutes before hind paw formalin injection. Intrathecal 200ug roscovitine injection attenuates the phase I flinch response. And intrathecal 50, 100, and 200ug roscovitine injection suppress phase II flinch response effectively. Roscovitine administration could effectively suppress the formalin-induced flinch behavior. This implies the activation of Cdk5 plays an important role in the sensitization after nociceptive stimulation. The third part focus on the roscovitine effect on the pilocarpine induced seizure. Pilocarpine temporal lobe epilepsy model is widely used. Chronic electroconvulsive therapy could upregulate Cdk5 activity. Cdk5 inhibitor¡Ðroscovitine could suppress NMDA induced long-term potentiation in hippocampal slice. Intracerebroventricular injection of 100£gg roscovitine 30 min before pilocarpine-induced epilepsy could significantly decrease the seizure-induced mortality ( 11% in roscovitine group VS 77% in control group). The escape latency, spatial memory impairment, in the pilocarpine-induced seizure group is significant longer than the roscovitine pretreatment group in the Morris water maze test after one month (p¡Õ0.05). It is concluded Cdk5 may play an important in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. Therefore, Cdk5 inhibition may become another way for the epilepsy treatment.
4

SNAP-25 and CDK5 as exocytotic regulators: consequences for synaptic function and insulin release /

Johansson, Jenny, January 2007 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. / Härtill 3 uppsatser.
5

Evaluation and Characterization of Novel Signal Transduction Pathways in the Striatum

Sahin, Bogachan January 2008 (has links)
Dissertation (Ph.D.) -- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 2008. / Vita. Bibliography: p.116-143
6

Ο ρόλος της CDK5 στην επαγόμενη από πλειοτροπίνη μετανάστευση ενδοθηλιακών κυττάρων και ως στόχος για δράση πυρρολο[2,3-α]καρβαζολικών αναλόγων του ινδολοκαρβαζολικού αρωματικού σκελετού φυσικών προϊόντων στην αγγειογένεση / The role of CDK5 in PTN-induced endothelial cells migration and as a target for the anti-angiogenic effect of pyrrolo[2,3-a]carbazole analogues of indolocarbazole alkaloids of natural products

Λαμπροπούλου, Ευγενία 28 February 2013 (has links)
Τα πυρρολοκαρβαζολικά ανάλογα του ινδολοκαρβαζολικού αρωματικού σκελετού φυσικών προϊόντων είναι μία νέα τάξη ενώσεων που εξετάζονται ως πιθανά αντικαρκινικά φάρμακα. Διακρίνονται σε αναστολείς πρωτεϊνικών κινασών και σε παράγοντες που δρουν στη DNA τοποϊσομεράση Ι ή ΙΙ και βλάπτουν το DNA, ανάλογα με το μηχανισμό δράσης τους και τη δομή τους. Μελετώντας την επίδραση επτά πυρρολο[2,3-α]καρβαζολικών αναλόγων στην ενεργότητα της κυκλινο-εξαρτώμενης κινάσης 1 (cyclin dependent kinase 1, CDK1) βρήκαμε ότι μόνο ένα από τα ανάλογα (1e) ανέστειλε πλήρως και με δοσο-εξαρτώμενο τρόπο το ένζυμο, ενώ όλα αναστέλλουν μερικώς ή πλήρως την ενεργότητα της τοποϊσομεράσης Ι in vitro. Στηn παρούσα εργασία μελετήθηκε η επίδραση των ίδιων αναλόγων στον πολλαπλασιασμό και μετανάστευση των ενδοθηλιακών κυττάρων in vitro και στην αγγειογένεση in vivo, στο μοντέλο της χοριοαλλαντοϊκής μεμβράνης εμβρύου όρνιθας. Διαπιστώθηκε ότι όλα τα ανάλογα αναστέλλουν τον πολλαπλασιασμό και τη μετανάστευση των ενδοθηλιακών κυττάρων in vitro, καθώς και την αγγειογένεση in vivo, αλλά διαφέρουν ως προς την αποτελεσματικότητα ή την ισχύ. Από προηγούμενες μελέτες της ερευνητικής μας ομάδας είναι γνωστό ότι ο αυξητικός παράγοντας πλειοτροπίνη (PTN) επάγει τη μετανάστευση ενδοθηλιακών κυττάρων in vitrο, δρώντας μέσω του υποδοχέα της με δράση φωσφατάσης τυροσίνης RPTPβ/ζ και της ιντεγκρίνης ανβ3. Με δεδομένο ότι στη βιβλιογραφία η CDK1 έχει αναφερθεί να συμμετέχει στην επαγόμενη από ενεργοποίηση της ανβ3 μετανάστευση ενδοθηλιακών κυττάρων, μελετήσαμε την επίδραση των πυρρολο[2,3-α]καρβαζολικών αναλόγων στην επαγόμενη από ΡΤΝ κυτταρική μετανάστευση. Μόνο το ανάλογο 1e ανέστειλε τη δράση της ΡΤΝ, τόσο στα ενδοθηλιακά, όσο και στα ανθρώπινα κύτταρα γλοιοβλαστώματος U87MG, τα οποία εκφράζουν RPTPβ/ζ και ιντεγκρίνη ανβ3 και μεταναστεύουν ως ανταπόκριση στη διέγερση με ΡΤΝ. Ίδια δράση είχε και η ροσκοβιτίνη, γνωστός αναστολέας των CDK1/2 και CDK5 και στα δύο είδη κυττάρων, ενώ ο εκλεκτικός μόνο για CDK1/2 αναστολέας NU2058 δεν είχε καμία δράση στην επαγόμενη από ΡΤΝ κυτταρική μετανάστευση. Τα αποτελέσματά μας υποδεικνύουν ότι η επαγόμενη από ΡΤΝ μετανάστευση ανθρώπινων ενδοθηλιακών κυττάρων δεν εξαρτάται από τις κινάσες CDK1 και CDK2, αλλά από την κινάση CDK5, δεδομένο που επιβεβαιώθηκε με μείωση της έκφρασης της CDK5 με την τεχνική του siRNA. Η ΡΤΝ δρα επαγωγικά στην ενεργότητα της CDK5, με μέγιστη δράση 5 λεπτά μετά την επίδραση της ΡΤΝ. Σε αυτήν την ενεργοποίηση συμμετέχει και ο υποδοχέας της ΡΤΝ RPTPβ/ζ, αλλά όχι η ιντεγκρίνη ανβ3. Από παλιότερες μελέτες μας είναι δεδομένο πως η πρόσδεση της ΡΤΝ στον υποδοχέα της RPTPβ/ζ οδηγεί σε ενεργοποίηση της κινάσης c-SRC, η οποία απαιτείται για την επαγόμενη από ΡΤΝ κυτταρική μετανάστευση. Για πρώτη φορά αναφέρουμε την αλληλεπίδραση της c-SRC με την CDK5 σε εκχυλίσματα ενδοθηλιακών κυττάρων, καθώς και το ότι η επαγόμενη από ΡΤΝ ενεργοποίηση της κινάσης CDK5 επιτυγχάνεται μέσω ενεργοποίησης της κινάσης c-SRC. Τέλος, η κινάση CDK5 δεν εμπλέκεται στην ενεργοποίηση της ιντεγκρίνης ανβ3 και των ERK1/2 από την ΡΤΝ. Συμπερασματικά, η κυκλινο-εξαρτώμενη κινάση 5 (CDK5) φαίνεται να επηρεάζει σημαντικά λειτουργίες των ενδοθηλιακών κυττάρων που σχετίζονται με αγγειογένεση και τα αποτελέσματά μας προσφέρουν σημαντικά δεδομένα προς αυτήν την κατεύθυνση. Eίναι η πρώτη φορά που περιγράφεται η έκφραση του βασικού ρυθμιστή της CDK5 p35 σε άλλο είδος κυττάρων, εκτός των νευρικών, και ιδιαίτερα στα ενδοθηλιακά. Ο εξέχων ρόλος της κινάσης CDK5 σε διάφορες λειτουργίες και σε παθολογικές καταστάσεις, αρχικά στο νευρικό και στη συνέχεια στα περισσότερα συστήματα, καθιστά ιδιαίτερα σημαντικό το σχεδιασμό και την ανάπτυξη αναλόγων που επιδρούν στην ενεργότητά της άμεσα ή έμμεσα, με βάση τη δομή του αναλόγου 1e. / Indolocarbazole alkaloids constitute a group of natural products that have attracted great attention because of their potential therapeutic applications. Ιndolopyrrolocarbazoles are a new class of antitumor drugs, which can be divided into two major groups, depending on their mechanisms of action and structural features: protein kinase inhibitors and DNA-damaging agents. We have previously evaluated the effect of 7 pyrrolo[2,3-a]carbazole analogues on CDK1/cyclinB (Cyclin Dependent Kinase 1, CDK1) activity and found that only compound1e totally inhibited the enzyme in a dose-dependent manner, while all analogues partially or totally inhibited the activity of topoisomerase I in vitro, with compound 1e being the least effective. In this thesis, the effect of all the pyrrolo[2,3-a]carbazole analogues on angiogenesis was investigated, using the in vivo model of the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane, as well as proliferation and migration of human endothelial cells in vitro. All the analogues had an effect on the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells in vitro and angiogenesis in vivo, but with differences in their effectiveness or potency. We have previously shown that PTN induces migration of endothelial cells through binding to its receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase β/ζ (RPTPβ/ζ) and ανβ3 integrin. The recent report that ανβ3 expression up-regulates CDK1, which then modulates cell migration, led us to test the effect of the CDK1 inhibitor compound 1e and the other pyrrolo[2,3a]carbazole analogues on the PTN induced migration of human endothelial cells. Only compound 1e inhibited PTN induced migration of human endothelial cells, a result also confirmed in human glioblastoma U87MG cells, which are known to express both RPTPβ/ζ and ανβ3 and migrate in response to PTN. Roscovitine, a synthetic inhibitor of CDKs with selectivity towards CDK1/2 and CDK5, completely attenuated PTN-induced migration of endothelial cells, while the CDK1/2 selective inhibitor NU2058 had no effect, suggesting that inhibition of CDK5 is responsible for inhibition of PTN-induced cell migration. The complete attenuation of PTN-induced migration of endothelial cells following the down-regulation of CDK5 by siRNA further confirmed that CDK5 plays an important role in PTN-induced migration of endothelial cells. PTN increased CDK5 kinase activity with the maximum increase observed within 5 min after stimulation of cells with PTN. This was confirmed by both direct kinase assays, as well as by measuring interaction of CDK5 with its activator protein p35. PTN-induced activation of CDK5 is independent of ανβ3, but depends on RPTPβ/ζ and its downstream activated c-SRC kinase. This is the first time that an interaction between CDK5 and c-SRC is reported in extracts of endothelial cells, as well as the fact that PTN induced CDK5 activation requires c-SRC activation in these cells. Finally, we report no immediate effect of kinase CDK5 on PTN induced activation of ανβ3 integrin and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Accumulating data favour the notion that CDK5 plays an important role in angiogenesis-related functions of endothelial cells and our data reinforce this observation. The expression of p35 in endothelial cells, the prime regulator of CDK5, is reported here for the first time in other type of cells apart from neuronal. The basic role of CDK5 in several pathologies point out the importance of research and development of compounds that can be effective in inhibiting this kinase, based on the structure of analogue 1e.
7

DEFINING THE ROLE OF IMMUNE THERAPY IN PEDIATRIC CNS MALIGNANCY

Dorand, Rodney Dixon, Jr. 13 September 2016 (has links)
No description available.
8

Regulation des mitochondrialen Zerfalls innerhalb der neuronalen Apoptose / Regulation of mitochondrial fission during neuronal apoptosis

Meuer, Katrin 02 May 2007 (has links)
No description available.

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