Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst. / Härtill 7 uppsatser.

Thesis (doctoral)--Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, 1958.

Thesis (doctoral)--Københavns universitet.

Thesis (doctoral)--Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, 1958.

Thesis advisor: Tim Van Opijnen / Exposure to antibiotics has previously been shown to induce morphological changes to bacterial cells in Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus . Response profiles to antibiotics representing various mechanisms of action provides as quick, reliable and cheap means of identifying the mechanism of action of novel antimicrobials. We evaluated whether similar cytological profiling was possible in the pathogenic bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae and whether there were any strain specific differences in morphological changes resulting from antibiotic exposure. We evaluated antibiotics from various classes and with different mechanisms of action to develop strain specific models of phenotypic responses in order to identify clustering associated with particular mechanisms of action. Various antibiotics belonging to, cell wall synthesis inhibitors, protein synthesis inhibitors, and DNA synthesis inhibitors were evaluated using S. pneumoniae strains TIGR4 and 19F. Following exposure to high doses of antibiotics, cells were imaged for DNA and cell wall components and analyzed. Our data shows that antibiotics of the same mechanism of action induce similar morphological changes. While TIGR4 and 19F show similar changes there are strain specific differences between them. Our data shows that cytological profiling effectively indicates the mechanism of action through imaging in S. pneumoniae allowing this technique to be used to study novel antimicrobials as well as better understand bacterial responses to antibiotic stress. / Thesis (BS) — Boston College, 2019. / Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Biology.

A research report submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg; in partial fulfillment for the degree of Master of Medicine (Anatomical Pathology) 2015. / Cytological criteria distinguishing phyllodes tumour of the breast from fibroadenoma. Fibroepithelial lesions of the breast include fibroadenomas and phyllodes tumours. Fibroadenomas are benign tumours, whereas phyllodes tumours range from benign, indolent neoplasms to malignant tumours capable of distant metastasis and occasionally resulting in death. The aim of this study was to determine whether there are statistically significant differences between fibroadenomas and phyllodes tumours with regard to selected cytological features. A ten year retrospective review was performed of patients who had an excision of a fibroadenoma or phyllodes tumour, and on whom a pre-operative fine needle aspirate was performed. The following cytological criteria were assessed: number of stromal and epithelial fragments, stromal to epithelial ratio, stromal cellularity, Stromal borders, stromal atypia and proportion of background wavy spindled cells. The patient age, tumour laterality and tumour size were recorded. Fifty fibroadenomas and 17 phyllodes tumours were included. When compared with phyllodes tumours, fibroadenomas had a larger number of epithelial fragments, a smaller number of stromal fragments and a lower stromal to epithelial ratio. The stroma tended to be less cellular and less atypical compared with phyllodes tumours and the background cellular population contained less spindled cells. Fibroadenomas and phyllodes tumours differ with regard to various cytological features, possibly aiding in their distinction on fine needle aspiration biopsy. / AC2016

No description available.

O presente estudo teve como objetivos avaliar a sensibilidade, a especificidade e a acurácia da Punção Aspirativa por Agulha Fina (PAAF) em nódulos submucosos da cavidade bucal e da região de cabeça e pescoço como ferramenta auxiliar de diagnóstico. Foram selecionados 50 pacientes consecutivamente que procuraram a Clínica da Disciplina de Estomatologia Clínica da FOUSP, portadores de lesões em boca e em região de cabeça e pescoço. O material obtido pela PAAF foi enviado a um mesmo patologista apenas com o diagnóstico clínico e após a emissão do laudo da PAAF o laudo do anátomo patológico era emitido servindo como padrão ouro. Após os cálculos, o resultado da sensibilidade foi de 75%, a especificidade foi de 96%, a acurácia foi de 58,8%, o valor preditivo positivo foi de 86% e o valor preditivo negativo foi de 93%. A significância foi estabelecida para 5% e o teste usado foi o teste de Kappa com valor de P<0,001 e um teste qui-quadrado, com valor de P=0,788. Pela análise dos resultados a PAAF teve uma alta sensibilidade para identificar lesões malignas, uma alta especificidade para identificar lesões benignas e uma baixa acurácia para se obter um diagnóstico definitivo. / The objectives of this present study are to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy (FNAB) in submucous nodules of oral cavity and nodules of head and neck region as an auxiliary tool of diagnoses. 50 patients that looked for the Clinic of the Discipline of Oral Stomatology of FOUSP were consecutively selected, carrying lesions in the oral cavity and the head and neck region. The material obtained by FNA was sent to only one pathologist with the clinical diagnosis and after the emission of FNAB report the biopsy report was emitted serving as the gold standard. After the calculation, the results of sensibility was 75%, the specificity was 96%, the accuracy was 58,8%, the positive predict value was 86% and the negative predict value was 93%. The significance was established for 5% and the tests used was Kappa with P<0,001 and a Chi-square with a P value of 0,778.With the results analysis the FNAB had a high sensibility to identify malignant lesions, a high specificity to identify benign lesions and a low accuracy to obtain final diagnoses.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:17:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2006-Marcelo Carvalho Gomes.pdf: 324564 bytes, checksum: 3942a2feee43fca4762eb4590c899bfc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-03-31 / The present work was carried out in three different goat raisings and 27 females and 2 males were selected for identifying the present microbiota in the preputial and vaginal cavity of goats under three estrous cycle phases: In Februrary, 2005 in the pro-estrum, in May, 2005 in the post-copula and in October, 2005 in the post-partum. The samples were collected by swabs as well as vaginal and preputial washings for studying microbiota and by gynecological brushes for the females esfoliative cytological study. The two greatest bacteria genera prevalence were: Micrococcus spp (89,65 %) following by Bacillus spp. (29,90 %). Filamentous fungi as Cladosporium spp. (26,39 %) and Aspergillus spp. (11,46 %) were the most isolated. On the bacteria cytological test about 76 % of the investigations have been in accordance with the microscopic finding and bacteria isolation. In 89% appraised animal some yeasts presence on sheets was observed in spite of there was isolation just in 7,4 % of the animals. There was similarity between hifas observation and filamentous fungi isolation, in regarding to 53 % of hifas presence investigations. The bacterial and fungical microbiota found on this survey showed the goats vaginal and preputial microbiota diversity and pointed out to the fact that it might be carried during copulation. The number of isolated bacteria species in the post-copulation phase was upper, as well as for yeasts. The vaginal cytology performed significative association in relation to the bacterial isolation, observed by cocos and bacilli presence on the sheets with positive growth. Bacteria potentially pathogenic as Pseudomonas alcalinigenes, P. aeruginosa, and Corynebacterium spp. as well as opportunist fungi as Aspergillus flavus in healthy goats vaginal cavity were found. / O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido em tr?s criat?rios caprinos distintos, de onde tomamos 27 f?meas e 2 machos a fim de identificar a microbiota presente no prep?cio de bodes e na cavidade vaginal de cabras em tr?s fases do ciclo estral: fevereiro de 2005 no proestro, maio de 2005 ap?s a c?pula e outubro de 2005 ap?s o parto. As amostras foram coletadas atrav?s de swab, lavado vaginal e prepucial para o estudo da microbiota e com escovas ginecol?gicas para o estudo colpocitol?gico das f?meas. Os dois g?neros de bact?rias de maior preval?ncia foram os seguintes: Micrococcus spp. (89,65 %) e Bacillus spp. (29,90 %). Os dois g?neros de fungos de maior preval?ncia foram Cladosporium spp. (26,39 %) e Aspergillus spp. (11,46 %). No estudo colpocitol?gico para bact?rias, em 76 % das investiga??es houve concord?ncia entre os achados microsc?picos e isolamento bacteriano. Em 89 % dos animais avaliados foi observada a presen?a de leveduras nas l?minas, mas houve isolamento em apenas 7,4 % dos animais. Em 53 % das investiga??es da presen?a de hifas houve concord?ncia entre a observa??o de hifas e o isolamento de fungos filamentosos. A microbiota f?ngica e bacteriana encontrada no presente trabalho evidenciou a diversidade da microbiota vaginal e prepucial de caprinos e aponta para o fato de que podem ser carreados durante a c?pula. Observou-se que o n?mero de esp?cies isoladas de bact?rias ? superior na fase de p?s-c?pula enquanto que em fungos observamos este aumento no p?s-parto; O resultado da citologia vaginal teve correla??o com o isolamento bacteriano, observada pela presen?a de cocos e bacilos nas l?minas com crescimento bacteriano positivo; Bact?rias potencialmente patog?nicas como Pseudomonas alcaligenes, P. aeruginosa e Corynebacterium spp. foram encontrados na cavidade vaginal de cabras h?gidas, assim como fungos oportunistas como Aspergillus flavus.

Application of chemotherapeutic agents in current cancer treatment has been limited by adverse effects as poor selectivity results in systemic toxicity; most chemotherapy approaches also experience inherited or acquired drug resistance which lead to reduced treatment outcome. Research efforts have focused on the discovery of novel chemotherapies that overcome the limitations mentioned above. Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes with anti-cancer properties have been extensively studied as traditional cytotoxic agents and photodynamic therapy agents due to their photophysical and photochemical characteristics. Most research has focused on the design of Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes that have affinities to nucleic acids as inspired by the classic small molecule metal complex cisplatin. Though modifying the structures of ligands on the ruthenium metal center, the hydrophilicity, charge state and photochemical properties can be tuned, resulting to Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes that act through cellular targets other than DNA. Understanding the mechanism of action and identifying functional targets remain the challenging and complex research topic in the design and study of novel medication or candidates. With the development of semi-high throughput cytological profiling in a bacterial system, rapid investigation of the mechanism of action can be achieved to distinguish anti-cancer agents which possess different mechanisms of actions. Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes with different scaffolds have been studied and suggested to have anti-cancer properties through DNA damage response, and/or translational inhibition.