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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
311

Um estudo sobre D+ K- + + / A study of the D+ K- + +

Patricia Camargo Magalhães 16 May 2014 (has links)
Este estudo é dedicado ao entendimento do decaimento D+ K++. Desenvolvemos dois modelos que abordam aspectos complementares dos principais processos dinâmicos que atuam em tal decaimento: o v´ertice fraco, onde ocorre a transição c Ws, e as interações entre os três mesons no estado final. Este trabalho foi motivado por um resultado experimental importante sobre o decaimento D+ K++, no qual a fase em onda S de um par K do estado final não coincide com a fase do espalhamento K livre, chamado puzzle das fases. No primeiro modelo, as interações de estado final foram descritas por sucessivos reespalhamentos dos pares K, enquanto o vértice fraco foi aproximado por uma função sem estrutura. O espalhamento K é um ingrediente fundamental e é calculado usando uma lagrangiana efetiva quiral com ressonâncias. As amplitudes do decaimento são calculadas perturbativamente, ate a segunda ordem do reespalhamento K, para as três topologias acessíveis ao sistema. Os resultados do primeiro modelo mostram a importância das interações de estado finais, sendo o efeito da interação própria de três corpos essencial para a boa descrição dos dados experimentais obtida a partir de uma das topologias. No segundo modelo, o vértice fraco do decaimento é calculado a partir de uma teoria efetiva que acopla o setor leve de SU(3) ao setor do charme e descreve todas as interações, fortes e fracas, entre os dois setores. Esse modelo inclui a dependência correta de momento nos vértices e contém essencialmente três melhorias: (i) incorpora corretamente a estrutura de onda P no vértice fraco ao usar correntes do tipo V A; (ii) inclue o vértice V DK parametrizado em termos de fatores de forma monopolares; e (iii) inclue no vértice V a transição W intermediada pela ressonância , o que d´a origem a um fator de forma forte. Os resultados do segundo modelo mostram que o efeito dos fatores de forma no vértice D K são pequenos e mais importantes em altas energias. A inclusão do meson como uma ressonância é muito significativa e desloca a fase para 90o no limiar, o que explica o comportamento qualitativo dos dados experimentais na mesma região. / This study describer the D+ K++ decay. We developed two models for complementary issues of the main dynamic process in this system: the weak vertex, where the transition c Ws takes place, and the interactions between the three mesons in the final state. This work was motivated by important experimental results for D+ K++ decay in which the S wave phase for a K pair in the final state does not agree with the phase from K free scattering amplitude, which is here named phase puzzle. In the first model, the interaction in the final states are treated as successive rescattering between K pairs, and the weak vertex is approximated as structureless functions. The K amplitude is a fundamental ingredient and is calculated using an effective quiral lagrangian with resonances. The decay amplitudes were solved perturbatively up to second order in K rescattering for all the three topologies that can contribute. The results for the first model show the importance of final state interactions where the proper three body effect are essential for the good description of experimental data, obtained from one of the topologies. In the second model, the weak vertex is calculated using an effective theory that couples the light SU(3) sector to the charm sector and describes all interactions, strong and weak, between the two sectors. This model includes the correct momentum dependences at verticies and contain mainly three improvements: (i) correctly incorporates the P- wave momentum structure in the vertex through the use of V A currents; (ii) includes V DK vertex parametrized by monopoles form factors; and (iii) includes in the V vertex the W transition intermediated by a r resonance, which gives rise to a strong form factor. The results for the second model show that the form factors effects on D K vertex are small and more important at higher energy. The inclusion of the meson as a resonance is very significant and dislocates the phase shift from zero to 90o at threshold, which explains the qualitative experimental data behaviour in the same region.
312

Decaimento do potencial de um plasma numa matriz sólida em geometria plana / Potential decay of a plasma of charges inside a solid matrix, in plane symmetry

Alcione Silva Fernandes 27 May 1980 (has links)
Neste trabalho estudamos o decaimento do potencial de um plasma, inicialmente distribuído de maneira uniforme num sólido dielétrico, submetido a um potencial inicial conhecido. A possibilidade de recombinação entre os portadores positivos e negativos constituintes do plasma é considerada. Usando o método das características obtemos o potencial e a configuração espacial de portadores para qualquer instante bem como, a carga residual nos eletrodos ao final do processo. Dois casos particulares são igualmente resolvidos: no primeiro, a mobilidade relativa dos portadores é relacionada ao coeficiente de recombinação entre eles através da relação de Langevin e, no segundo, considera-se que os portadores não se recombinam. No desenvolvimento da solução ao problema surge, também, uma considerável quantidade de informações à respeito da dinâmica dos portadores no interior do dielétrico / In the present work we studied the decay of the potential of a plasma which is initially uniformely distributed in a solid from a given initial value.. The possibility of recombination between the positive and negative charge carriers of the plasma is also considered. Using the method of characteristics, we obtained the potential and space distribution of charge carries for any time and also residual charge in the electrodes at end of the process. Two particular cases are considered. In the first case, the relative mobility of charge carriers is related to their recombination coefficient through Langevin\'s relation and, in the second case, the recombination of charge carrier is absent.. The solution affords considerable information about the charge dynamics inside the dielectric solid
313

Medida absoluta da taxa de desintegracao e da probabilidade de emissao gama do sup[42]K

MOREIRA, DENISE S. 09 October 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:44:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T13:57:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 06884.pdf: 3958157 bytes, checksum: d230858464baf1ab2ee2867cf97407e4 (MD5) / Dissertacao (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
314

Niveis do sup72Ge populados pelo decaimento beta sup(-) do sup72Ga

MEDEIROS, JOSE A.G. de 09 October 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:38:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:05:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 05834.pdf: 6637746 bytes, checksum: eac3b2442d4b06b5a8e3a4c9f46f1f9e (MD5) / Dissertacao (Mestrado) - IPEN / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
315

Determinacao da constante de decaimento lambda sub (F) para a fissao espontanea do U-238 pelo metodo dos tracos de fissao em mica

RENNER, CLEIDE 09 October 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:24:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:05:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 01320.pdf: 566434 bytes, checksum: c28aac36845caeb1381ff011edddc563 (MD5) / Dissertacao (Mestrado) / IEA/D / Escola Politecnica, Universidade de Sao Paulo - POLI/USP
316

Decaimento beta do Nb92 / The beta decay of Nb92

Otaviano Augusto Marcondes Helene 25 June 1982 (has links)
Neste trabalho são apresentados resultados experimentais referentes ao decaimento beta do Nb POT.92, obtidos a partir de medidas da atividade gama residual que segue a reação Nb POT.93 (gamma, n). A alimentação do nível a 2067 keV do Zr POT.92 foi determinada com boa precisão. A não observação de transições gama que envolvem os níveis 0 POT.+ e 4 POT.+ do Zr POT.92 permitiram, a partir de uma analise estatística rigorosa determinar-se limites superiores para a alimentação desses níveis. Os resultados experimentais obtidos, bem como diversos outros disponíveis na bibliografia especializada, foram analisados a luz do modelo de camadas, explorando-se especialmente a contribuição do orbital de nêutrons g IND.7/2 nos primeiros níveis excitados do Zr POT.92. Os cálculos foram feitos usando-se valores publicados para os elementos de matriz da interação residual próton-próton e supondo-se uma interação delta superficial para a interação nêutron-nêutron. / We have investigated the beta decay of Nb POT.92 measuring the residual gamma activities associated with the Nb POT.93 (gamma, n) reaction. The beta branch to the 2067 keV Zr POT.92 level has been determined. Unobserved gamma-rays, with a rigorous statistical analysis, allow the determination of upper limits to beta transitions to the 0 POT.+ and 4 POT.+ levels of Zr POT.92. We have compared ours and other published results with the predictions of shells model, exploring the g IND.7/2 neutron orbit contribution to the levels of Zr POT.92 The shell model calculations have been made using published values for the proton-proton matrix elements. The neutron-neutron matrix elements have been determined assuming a surface delta interaction.
317

Fenomenologia dos decaimentos de neutrinos de supernova / Decay phenomenology of supernova neutrinos

Tapia Herrera, Luis Carlos 1982- 19 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Orlando Luis Goulart Peres / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T13:26:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TapiaHerrera_LuisCarlos1982-_M.pdf: 3198399 bytes, checksum: bd22a4c22f21d4db7bc8f29cda4bd521 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Apresentamos neste trabalho um estudo da fenomenologias dos neutrinos, que inicia com um modelo além do Modelo Padrão, que gera massa e decaimento para os neutrinos. O modelo foi proposto por Gelmini e Roncadelli [3], no modelo é introducido um tripleto escalar que interage com o dubleto de Higgs a través de um potencial escalar. O tripleto interage também com os leptons da teoria a través de um potencial de Yukawa, é este potencial que conjuntamente com a quebra espontânea da simetria gera as massas e decaimentos para os neutrinos. O modelo foi descartado experimentalmente mas modelos mais gerais que estão baseados no modelo de Gelmini e Roncadelli, ainda podem ser testados experimentalmente. Como seguinte passo no nosso trabalho, estudamos os fluxos de neutrinos de Supernovas que aconteceram no passado do Universo e que chegam até à Terra. Estudamos os efeitos de oscilação na matéria, por causa de que o neutrino atravessa médios de densidades altas dentro da Supernova. Fizemos a comparação dos fluxos de neutrinos e antineutrinos eletrônicos, levando em conta dois casos com e sem oscilação. Encontramos que a oscilação faz com que o fluxo de neutrinos e antineutrinos seja menor, e mais quente para energias maiores a 10 MeV. Estudamos conjuntamente o decaimento e suas consequencias no fluxo de neutrinos de Supernova relíquia. Encontramos uma forte dependência com a hierarquia de massas dos neutrinos. Concluímos que se a hierarquia de massas é normal, o decaimento faz com que o fluxo de neutrinos e antineutrinos eletrônicos seja incrementado. Se a hierarquia é invertida encontramos que o fluxo dos dois tipos de neutrinos é suprimido. Fizemos também uma comparação dos fluxos obtidos neste trabalho, com valores de fluxos reportados na literatura. Finalmente estudamos o comportamento do número de eventos dos fluxos de neutrinos e antineutrinos eletrônicos, para distintos tempos de vida dos neutrinos / Abstract: Here we present a study of the phenomenology of neutrinos, which starts with a model beyond the Standard Model, which generates mass and decay to neutrinos. The model was proposed by Gelmini and Roncadelli cite Gelmini: 1981, the model needs a triplet that interacts with the scaling doublet Higgs through different potential climb. The triplet also interacts with leptons theory through different potential of Yukawa, is this potential which, together with spontaneous symmetry breaking generates the masses and decays to neutrinos. The model was experimentally ruled out but more general models that are based on the model of Gelmini and Roncadelli, can still be tested experimentally. As a next step in our work, we study the flow of neutrinos from supernovae that happened in the past of the universe and reach the Earth. We studied the effects of oscillations in matter, because of the neutrino cross mean high densities within the Supernova. We compared the flow of neutrinos and antineutrinos electronics, taking into consider two cases with and without oscillation. We have found that the oscillation causes the flux of neutrinos and antineutrinos is smaller and warmer to higher energies to 10 MeV We studied together and the decay and its consequences in the flow of neutrinos from supernova relic. We find a strong dependence on the hierarchy mass of neutrinos. We conclude that if the hierarchy is normal masses, the decay is that the flux of neutrinos and electronic antineutrinos is incremented. If the hierarchy is found that the reverse flow of the two types of neutrinos is deleted. We also a comparison of fluxes obtained in this work, with values of flows reported in the literature. Finally we study the behavior of the number of events flows of neutrinos and antineutrinos electronics, for different lifetimes of neutrinos / Mestrado / Física / Mestre em Física
318

Wave propagation in flexible tubes

Feng, Jiling January 2008 (has links)
Wave dissipation was previously investigated intensively in the frequency domain, in which the dissipation of waves is described as attenuation of pressure pulse decay with respect to the frequency or harmonics. In this thesis, wave dissipation, including decay of pressure pulse, peak of wave intensity and wave energy, is investigated in the time domain using wave intensity analysis (WIA). Wave intensity analysis benefits to this research in several aspects including: 1) WIA allows for wave dissipation investigated in the time domain; 2) WIA does not make any assumptions about the tube's wall non-linearity and the analysis takes into account the effects of the vessel's wall viscoelastic properties, convective, frictional effects and fluid viscosity; 3) WIA offers a technique (separation) to study wave dissipation in one direction whilst taking into account the effect of reflections from the opposite direction; 4) The physical meaning of wave intensity provides a convenient method to study the dissipation of energy carried by the waves along flexible tubes. In this research, it is found that the degree of dissipation in flexible tube were not only affected by the mechanical properties of the wall property and viscosity of liquid but also by the other factors including initial pressure and pumping speed of piston as well as direction of wave in relation to direction of flow. Also an new technique to separate waves into forward and backward directions only using diameter and velocity might potentially be used to separate the waves in both directions non-invasively based on the non-invasive measurement of diameter (wall movement) available.
319

Fermi superallowed β+- decays in heavy odd-odd, N = Z nuclei

Narro, Joaquin Garces January 2000 (has links)
The beta+-decay half-lives of the neutron-deficient, odd-odd, N = Z nuclei, 74Rb, 78Y, 82NB and 86Tc were measured following the fragmentation of a primary 92Mo beam at an energy of 60 MeV per nucleon at the GANIL laboratory, France. They were measured by correlating beta+-decays with the implantation of unambiguously identified fragments. The deduced log10 ft1/2-values are consistent with 0+→ 0+, Fermi superallowed transitions, which together with the measured beta+-detection efficiencies suggest T = 1, 1pi- 0+ ground states for these odd-odd, N = Z nuclei. These data represent the heaviest N = Z systems for which Fermi superallowed decays have been established. The results suggest that these nuclei can be used to extend the mass range used to test the Conserved Vector Current hypothesis of the standard model. In addition, an experiment using the reaction 58Ni + 28Si at a beam energy of 200 MeV was performed at the Laboratorio Nationale di Legnaro, Italy, using the EUROBALL spectrometer together with a charged particle silicon detector ball and an array of liquid scintillator neutron detectors. The measured values of the energies of the evaporated, charged-particles and those of the gamma-ray multiplicity (deduced using the liquid scintillator detectors), are used to implement a novel technique for the channel selection of weakly populated evaporation channels.
320

Decay of some excited nuclear states

Thomas, M. F. January 1965 (has links)
No description available.

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