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Orientador: Solange Maria de Almeida / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T09:56:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lopes_SergioLucioPereiradeCastro_D.pdf: 9307649 bytes, checksum: f51f187aabfe9f5bd990e438d78272da (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a articulacao temporomandibular (ATM) de individuos portadores de Depressao Maior. A amostra foi constituida por 40 individuos diagnosticados por um medico psiquiatra, como portadores de Depressao Maior, segundo as diretrizes do DSM-IV (Manual de Diagnostico e Estatistica das Perturbacoes Mentais). Estes foram submetidos a exames clinicos e por imagem, que se constituiu de Ressonância Magnetica. Pela analise dos resultados, observou-se em relacao aos dados da anamnese, que a presenca da cefaleia recorrente foi a alteracao mais relatada, sendo citada como sempre presente (52,5% dos individuos) e ocasionalmente presente (47,5% destes). Em relacao ao exame clinico, a presenca de trajetoria mandibular alterada ocorreu em 85% dos individuos, sendo que 62,5% destes apresentaram desvio e 22,5% deflexao. Ruido articular, ocorreu em 70% das articulacoes (69% destas sendo estalido). Dor a funcao articular foi o sintoma mais observado, ocorrendo em 61,25% das articulacoes. No exame por imagem, o deslocamento de disco ocorreu em 54 articulacoes (67,5% da amostra), sendo o deslocamento sem reducao observado em 5 articulacoes (6,25%). Alteracao na posicao da cabeca da mandibula foi observada em 57 articulacoes (71,25% da amostra), sendo o posicionamento posterior o mais frequente, ocorrendo em 43 articulacoes (53,75%). Mobilidade anormal da cabeca da mandibula foi observada em 58 articulacoes (52 destas apresentaram hipermobilidade) (65%). Utilizando-se o Teste Exato de Fisher e o Teste do ?2 como analises estatisticas, observou-se nao haver relacao entre posicao do disco e dor a funcao da articulacao (p=0,34); entre funcao do disco e dor a funcao da articulacao (p=0,32); entre posicao do disco e dor muscular (p=0,40); entre funcao do disco e dor muscular (p=0,42) e entre posicao do disco e posicao da cabeca da mandibula (p=0,30). Verificou-se haver relacao entre posicao do disco e ruidos articulares (p=0,00) e entre posicao do disco e trajetoria mandibular (p=0,00). Somente um individuo apresentou dor, ruido articular e limitacao de movimentos da mandibula, sendo que este apresentava deslocamento de disco. Concluiu-se desta forma que, na amostra avaliada, a presenca de depressao maior nao foi um fator desencadeante para a desordem temporomandibular / Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) of individuals with Major Depression. The sample comprised 40 individuals who were previously diagnosised as Major Depressed patients by a psychiatrist, using the DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders). The subjects were submitted to clinical and imaging examination, which comprised TMJ magnetic resonance imaging. The result analysis showed that the headache was related as always present (52.5% of the individuals) or frequently present (47.5% of the individuals). With regard to clinical exam, the altered mandibular pathway occurred in 85% of the individuals, with 62.5% presenting deviation and 22.5% deflection. The joint noise occurred in 70% of the joints (69% cliking). Joint functional pain was the most frequent symptom observed, occurring in 61.25% of the joints. In the imaging exams, the disc displacement occurred in 54 joints (67.5% of the sample) the disc displacement without reduction was observed in 5 TMJ (6.25%). The mandibular condyle position was altered in 57 joints (71.25% of the sample) and the most frequent position observed was the posterior position (43 TMJ) (53.75%). Abnormal mandibular condyle mobility was observed in 58 joints (52 of then with hipermobility) (65%). Application of the Fisher¿s Exact Test and ?2 Test as statistical analysis revealed no relationship between disc position and joint functional pain (p=0.34);disc function and joint functional pain (p=0.32); disc position and muscle pain (p=0.40); disc function and muscle pain (p=0.42) and disc position and mandibular condyle position (p=0.30). A relationship was observed between disc position and joint noise (p=0.00) and between disc position and mandibular pathway (p=0.00). Only one individual reported pain, joint noise and limited mandibular movement, and this one presented disc displacement. Thus, it was concluded that the Major Depression presence was not an important appearance factor for the temporomandibular disorder, in this sample / Doutorado / Radiologia Odontologica / Doutor em Radiologia Odontológica

Orientador: Rafael Leonardo Xediek Consani / Texto em português e inglês / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-25T06:50:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bacchi_Atais_D.pdf: 1480731 bytes, checksum: de48bd5276e26a7e24f1506dd970897a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: O objetivo neste estudo foi formular cimentos resinosos a partir de oligômeros tiouretanos, com o propósito de melhorar as propriedades mecânicas do material e minimizar a contração e a tensão de polimerização. Materiais fotopolimerizados e de ativação dupla foram avaliados. Dois oligômeros foram sintetizados ao combinar 1,6-hexanodiol-diisocianato (HDDI) (alifático) com pentaeritritol tetra-3-mercaptopropionato (PETMP) ou 1,3-bis(isocianato-1-metiletil) benzeno (BDI) (aromático) com trimetilol-tris-3-mercaptoproprianato (TMP), na proporção de 1:2 de isocianato e tiol, mantendo grupos tiol pendentes. Inicialmente, 10-30% em peso de ambos os tiouretanos foram adicionados à matriz orgânica formada por BisGMA-UDMA-TEGDMA (nas proporções 50-30-20%, em peso) para o cimento experimental fotopolimerizado. A este, 25% em peso de partículas inorgânicas foram adicionadas. Para o cimento de cura dual, composto pela mesma matriz orgânica e partículas de carga, e para dois materiais comerciais ¿ RelyX Veneer e RelyX Ultimate (3M Espe) - apenas a versão aromática em 10 e 20% em peso foi avaliada. Para todos os materiais, as propriedades mecânicas foram avaliadas através do teste de flexão por três pontos (ISO 4049) para a resistência à flexão (RF), módulo de elasticidade (E) e tenacidade (T). A tenacidade à fratura (KIc) foi avaliada em amostras entalhadas (ASTM Standard E399-90). A tensão de polimerização (TP) foi avaliada usando o aparelho Bioman. Os materiais fotopolimerizados foram avaliados quanto à contração de polimerização (CP) pelo método do disco aderido e a cinética de polimerização (grau de conversão (GC), taxa máxima de polimerização (Rpmax) e vitrificação) avaliadas por infravermelho. A união de uma cerâmica vítrea e um compósito restaurador indireto à dentina foi avaliada com o cimento comercial dual com 0, 10 e 20 % de tiouretano. Os resultados foram submetidos à Análise de Variância e teste de Tukey (?=5%). Quanto ao GC, ocorreu aumento pela utilização da versão alifática nos cimentos experimentais fotoativados; entretanto, a versão aromática não promoveu alteração relevante no GC final dos materiais. Rpmax foi menor nos grupos tiouretanos sendo também significantemente menor para os alifáticos quando comparados aos aromáticos. Apesar de os tiouretanos influenciarem a vitrificação (p=0,035) no cimento experimental, os resultados não foram conclusivos pela análise de Tukey. No cimento comercial foi observado aumento da vitrificação pelo uso do oligômero. Nos cimentos experimentais, RF aumentou com o oligômero aromático e 20% em peso do alifático nos cimentos fotopolimerizados; para E, a versão aromática no cimento com ativação dupla e 10% em peso no material fotopolimerizado causou aumento nos valores. Os materiais comerciais tiveram redução de E com 20% em peso de oligômero, decorrente da redução da proporção de carga inorgânica da matriz. Aumento significante em tenacidade ocorreu nos grupos alifáticos no material fotopolimerizado e para 20% em peso de aromático no cimento dual. K1c aumentou significativamente em ambos os materiais experimentais contendo tiouretano em ambas as concentrações, sendo mais pronunciada em alifáticos na versão fotopolimerizada. Ainda, KIc aumentou com 20% em peso do oligômero em materiais comerciais. A CP reduziu significantemente nos grupos tiouretanos, especialmente para o oligômero alifático no cimento experimental fotopolimerizado. A TP reduziu com os oligômeros de maneira mais acentuada para alifáticos no cimento experimental fotopolimerizado. O uso dos aromáticos em cimentos de ativação dupla também causou redução na TP, e quando com 20% em peso nos materiais comerciais. A modificação do cimento comercial de ativação dupla com 20% em peso do oligômero aromático aumentou a adesão do compósito indireto e da cerâmica vítrea à dentina coronária. Em geral, oligômeros tiouretanos melhoraram as propriedades dos cimentos resinosos avaliados / Abstract: The aim of this study was to formulate resin cements with thio-urethane oligomers to improve mechanical properties and minimize shortcomings related to the volumetric shrinkage and polymerization stress. Light- and dual-cured materials were evaluated. Oligomers were synthesized by combining 1,6-Hexanediol-diissocyante (aliphatic) with pentaerythritol tetra-3-mercaptopropionate (PETMP) or 1,3-bis(1-isocyanato-1-methylethyl)benzene (aromatic) with trimethylol-tris-3-mercaptopropionate (TMP), at 1:2 isocyanate:thiol, leaving pendant thiols. Oligomers were added at 10-30wt% to BisGMA-UDMA-TEGDMA (5:3:2). 25wt% silanated inorganic fillers were added. The dual-cured cement, composed by the same organic matrix and filler particles, and for two commercial cements (RelyX Veneer e RelyX Ultimate; 3M Espe) were only evaluated with the addition of the aromatic version in 10 and 20 wt%. For all materials, the mechanical properties were evaluated by the three-point bending test (ISO 4049) for the flexural strength (FS) elastic modulus (E) and toughness (T). The fracture toughness was evaluated with notched specimens (ASTM Standard E399-90). The polymerization stress (PS) was evaluated in the Bioman. For the light-cured materials, the volumetric shrinkage (VS) was evaluated by the bonded-disc method and the polymerization kinetics ¿ degree of conversion (DC), maximum rate of polymerization (Rpmax) and vitrification ¿ evaluated by near-infrared (NIR). The bonding of a glass ceramic and an indirect composite to dentin were evaluated with the dual-cured commercial cement with 0, 10 and 20 wt% of thio-urethane. Data were analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey¿s test (?=5%). Regarding the DC, an increase was observed in the light-cured materials containing the aliphatic version. The aromatic oligomer did not promote relevant influence the materials. Rpmax was lower for thio-urethane groups being also significantly lower for the aliphatic group when compared to the aromatic. ANOVA has shown the thio-urethane influencing the vitrification (p=0.035) in the experimental cement, but the results were not conclusive by the Tukey¿s test. For the commercial cement, an increase in the vitrification was observed in the thio-urethane-modified group. For experimental cements, FS increased with the use of 10-30 wt% aromatic oligomer and with 20 wt% of aliphatic for light-cured cements. E was only higher for the aromatic version at 10 wt%. The commercial cements presented a reduction in E with 20 wt% of oligomer caused by the reduction in the filler proportion. A significant increase in T occurred in the aliphatic groups for the light-cured group and for 20 wt% of aromatic in the dual-cured cement. KIc significantly increased in both experimental materials formulated with thio-urethane for both concentrations, being more evident for the aliphatic group in the light-cured version. KIc also increased with the aromatic oligomer in commercial materials. The VS was significantly reduced in the thio-urethane groups, mainly for the aliphatic version in the light-cured cement. The PS decreased in the groups formulated with oligomers in the light-cured experimental materials, being also significant for aliphatics. The use of aromatic oligomer also reduced the PS when added to a 20 wt% proportion of organic matrix. The modification of a dual-cured commercial cement with 20wt% of aromatic oligomer led to an increase in the bond strength of an indirect composite and a glass ceramic to the coronal dentin. Thus, it can be concluded that thio-urethane oligomers improved the properties of resin cements / Doutorado / Protese Dental / Doutor em Clínica Odontológica

Orientador: Marcelo de Castro Meneghim / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T18:41:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Alca_LilianeRaquelRibas_M.pdf: 1054644 bytes, checksum: 203630babc9729a2748836b7ee50a5f0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Até o ano de 2025 o Brasil será o sexto país do mundo em maior número de idosos. Estima-se que os mesmos irão constituir em 2050 29,7% da população. Segundo dados do levantamento SB Brasil 2010, 15,8% necessita de prótese total em ambas as arcadas e 21% de prótese parcial em um dos arcos. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a associação entre as condições de saúde bucal de idosos não institucionalizados e as variáveis sociais, autopercepção, condição cognitiva e depressão. Amostra composta por 78 idosos independentes e parcialmente dependentes, com média de idade de 68,5 anos, ambos os gêneros, dentados ou não. Utilizou-se para a avaliação clínica o índice CPOD (OMS,1999), o índice de placa de O'Leary (1972) índice de placa para próteses de Shubert & Shubert (1979) e índice gengival de Loe e Silness (1963). Para avaliar a autopercepção foi aplicado o Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI)(Atchison & Dolan, 1990) além de responderam a uma questão aberta. Para apontar a presença da depressão nessa amostra foi aplicado o Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) (Almeida & Almeida, 1999) e para avaliar estado de cognição empregou-se o Mini-Exame do Estado Mental (MMental) (Folnstein et al, 1975). A estatística foi realizada utilizando-se o teste qui-quadrado e exato de Fisher com nível de significância de 5% e de 10%, para a questão aberta utilizou-se a Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin, 2011. Os resultados obtidos apresentaram um CPOD médio para coroa de 24,5 e para raiz de 21,5. O GOHAI médio encontrado de 31,92 (autopercepção moderada); GDS médio de 3,15 com 25,7% da amostra com sugestão de depressão leve a profunda; MMental de 21,7 com 91,1% dos indivíduos com cognição normal. Na avaliação do Índice de Placa de O'Leary, 69,4% estavam excelentes e no índice de Placa de prótese 86,1% estavam excelentes. Na questão aberta a categoria mais citada foi problemas com a mastigação. Concluiu-se com esse estudo que dentre as variáveis sociais, o estado civil apresentou associação com necessidade de prótese em ambas as arcadas; a autopercepção em saúde bucal de moderada a alta (GOHAI) apresentou associação significativa com não necessidade de prótese; o estado cognitivo (MMental) não apresentou associação com uso e necessidade de prótese; o GDS apresentou associação significativa com o uso de prótese em ambas as arcadas / Abstract: By the year 2025, Brazil will be the sixth country in the world in greater numbers of elderly. It is estimated that they will be in 2050 30.0% of the population. According to the SB Brazil 2010 survey, 15.8% need dentures in both arches and 21% partial denture in one of the arches. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between oral health status of non-institutionalized elderly and social variables, selfperception, cognitive status and depression. Sample composed of 78 independent and partially dependent elderly, mean age 68.5 years, both genders, serrated or not. Was used to evaluate the clinical DMFT (OMS1999), plaque index of O'Leary (1972), plaque index for prosthetic & Shubert Shubert (1979) and gingival index of Loe and Silness (1963). To evaluate the perception was administered the Geriatric Oral Health Assesment (GOHAI) (Atchison & Dolan, 1990) and respond to an open question. To point to the presence of depression in this sample was applied to the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) (Almeida & Almeida, 1999) and to assess the state of cognition we used the Mini-Mental State Examination (Mmental) (Folstein et al., 1975.) Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square and Fisher's exact with significance level of 5% and 10% for the open question was used Bardin's Content Analysis (2011). The results showed a mean DMFT of 24.5 for crown and root of 21.5. The GOHAI average of 31.92 found (moderate self); GDS average of 3.15 with 25.7% of the sample with the suggestion of mild to profound depression; Mmental average of 21.7 with 91.1% of individuals with normal cognition. In assessing the O'Leary plaque index, 69.4% were excellent and the plaque index prosthesis were 86.1% excellent. In the open question was the category most frequently cited problems with chewing. It was concluded from this study that among the social variables, marital status was associated with need for prostheses in both arches; self-perception of oral health from moderate to high (GOHAI) showed significant association with no need for prostheses; the cognitive state (Mmental) was not significantly associated with the use of prostheses in both arches / Mestrado / Saude Coletiva / Mestre em Odontologia

VTEC of serogroups other than 0157 have not been studied widely in the UK. These organisms are difficult to isolate and few laboratories investigate faecal specimens for their presence. Due to this the true prevalence and significance of these organisms is unknown. This study describes an investigation of the growth of non-0157 VTEC in enrichment culture using indirect conductimetry. The media developed for enrichment culture of 0157 VTEC was found to be inappropriate for enrichment culture of some non-0157 VTEC strains. This was particularly evident among members of serogroups 026 and 0111 that are considered to be the most clinically relevant after 0157. Based on these finding an alternative medium, GN broth was recommended for enrichment culture ofnon-0l57 VTEC. Non-0157 VTEC cannot be distinguished from non-pathogenic E.coli using solid, differential plate media and it was necessary to use other methods to detect these organisms in enrichment cultures. A sensitive, single target, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was identified that was able to detect the verocytotoxin (VT) genes produced by VTEC. This PCR was used in conjunction with an internal control and a novel density gradient centrifligation, pre-PCR sample preparation procedure, to detect VTEC in faeces. A prospective investigation of faeeal specimens collected from cases of gastrointestinal disease in the North West of England was undertaken using the developed methods. Evidence of VTEC was found in 1.6-2.6% of the specimens tested and this detection rate was found to be similar to those of other European countries and the USA. VTEC could not be isolated from any of the specimens investigated however the presence of Veroeytotoxin was verified using the Vero cell assay. It was concluded that non-0157 VTEC could potentially be a significant cause of gastrointestinal disease in the North West of England and that further studies are required to clarify the role of these organisms in the aetiology of gastrointestinal disease.

<p> The exponential growth of online and hybrid education is most pressing and rapidly changing, increasing the need for faculty development programs for the traditional and online educator (Herman, 2012; Quinn &amp; Kennedy-Clark, 2015). The students of today are referred to as the digital native student (DNS; Akcayir, Dundar, &amp; Akcayir, 2016). Teaching faculty at dental schools are from the baby boomer and traditionalists&rsquo; generation (ADEA Snapshot, 2017). Additionally, there are many institutions where the teaching faculty are trained in a specific trade or skill and do not understand the need for a teaching pedagogy related to the DNS needs (Behar-Horenstein, Garvan, Catalanotto, Yu, &amp; Xiaoying, 2016).</p><p>

No description available.

<p> This study focused on the instructional competency needs of new dental hygiene educators. The purpose of this qualitative and phenomenological study was twofold: (a) to explore the lived experiences and perceptions of 14 dental hygiene educators who have transitioned from clinical practice into the California Community College education system to further understand preparation experiences and instructional competence as related to knowledge, dispositions and skills and (b) to explore what recommendations dental hygiene educators might offer to better support new professors in developing instructional competence as related to knowledge, dispositions, and skills. </p><p> The researcher collected data by conducting semi-structured interviews. Several key themes emerged in the qualitative data including, a lack of supportive structures for new faculty, a lack of established pedagogical practices, a lack of staff development, the need for a formal orientation and mentorship programs, the need for pedagogical training for faculty, and standardization of best practices. </p><p> Findings from this research study supported several conclusions about the instructional competency needs for new dental hygiene educators in California, including: a formal program to support the transition of dental hygiene clinicians to become dental hygiene educators does not exist and has left educators under prepared to make a successful transition; developing instructional competency as a dental hygiene educator requires formal professional development and ongoing support that is currently lacking; new dental hygiene educators need supportive collaboration from fellow colleagues in order to increase consistency, communication, inclusion and calibration; and new dental hygiene educators would benefit from a formal orientation and mentorship program in teaching methodologies. </p><p> Study outcomes recommend the following for support for new dental hygiene educators: dental hygiene departments should expand ways to increase communication between adjunct and full-time faculty, technology training for new and existing faculty should be increased; the new dental hygiene educator should have additional education in teaching methodologies; new dental hygiene faculty should experience a formal orientation upon employment, and a formal mentorship programs should be implemented into dental hygiene programs. Broader recommendations include a three-part instructional competency model for new dental hygiene faculty to include a formal orientation prior to employment, teaching methodology training for faculty, and a formal mentorship program.</p><p>

<p> Although the population of adults age 65 and older with Alzheimer&rsquo;s disease and other dementias is growing exponentially, many dental professionals are not adequately prepared to work with these special needs patients in the clinical setting. The purpose of this project was to develop a training for dental professionals including basics about dementia, and communication and behavioral management. Personal oral hygiene, often lacking in a person with dementia, contributes to periodontal inflammation and oral infection that may be linked to potentially, life-threatening diseases, including cardiovascular disease, and aspiration pneumonia. This could result in poor quality of life, and hospital or nursing home admission. The training will help dental professionals to better provide preventive or maintenance dental care or assist in providing care. The training will meet a portion of the continuing education biennial course requirements and course provider requirements for license renewal of dental professionals in California. The training was presented to dental professionals. Their feedback, as well as suggestions from an expert panel, informed revisions to the training, such as increasing the length of the training and including &ldquo;brain breaks&rdquo; in the presentation.</p><p>