The use of mobile devices and social media has been increasing dramatically and becoming critical for B2C businesses. Such businesses need to consider implementing e-commerce services in the mobile environment with social integration to satisfy their customers’ needs. Concepts like mobile commerce and social commerce are already being used extensively by many businesses. However, there are no clear guidelines in the literature on how to use mobile and social characteristics together for B2C e-commerce. Fusing these two concepts is what we call mobile social commerce (ms-commerce). In this thesis, we performed a thorough literature review to identify the characteristics of ms-commerce. The findings enabled us to first devise a proper definition for ms-commerce as the concept of performing online commercial activities in a mobile environment with the help of contributions from customers. Second, elements of the building blocks of ms-commerce, namely business models, m-commerce and s-commerce were identified based on commonly accepted fundamentals of the related concepts. Each building block has a critical role in increasing the value and efficiency of the product/service being delivered online by B2C businesses. We propose a mobile social commerce design framework along with a modular design model consisting of a generic class diagram that can be used for designing and developing ms-commerce applications that fit the specific needs of businesses. Businesses can choose the right elements to integrate in their ms-commerce application with the purpose of increasing the efficiency and integrating the social participation of customers. Three different scenarios were devised, and three mobile app prototypes were developed to support them, using the design model of our proposed framework. Finally, in light of our experience in developing ms-commerce applications, we discussed and contrasted the three different mobile development strategies, namely native, hybrid and web-based.

Under de senaste åren har termen spelifiering blivit allt mer känt, främst inom utbildning och hälsa. Spelifiering innebär att speldesignelement används i icke-spelkontexter, detta för att motivera människor. Syftet med studien var att identifiera “Hur kan spelifiering utformas i en applikation för att motivera elever att lära sig?”. Som metodansats använde vi oss av en designstudie där olika speldesignelement identifierades. De speldesignelement som identifierades var poäng, medaljer och topplista eftersom dessa enligt litteratur är de viktigaste speldesignelemeten i en spelifierad applikation. Dessa speldesignelement implementerades i en prototyp vilket sedan utvärderades med hjälp av testanvändarna. Ramverket Octalysis användes för att undersöka den inre och yttre motivationen baserat på data från våra testanvändare. Resultatet från denna studie visade att speldesignelement som tillhör den yttre motivationen så som poäng, medaljer och topplista leder till att motivera elever. Däremot bör speldesignelement som tillhör den inre motivationen, exempelvis multiplayer, som identifierats i studien också implementeras för att motivera elever att lära sig. / In recent years, the term gamification has become increasingly known, mainly in education and health. Gamification means that game design elements are used in non-game contexts, this to increase the motivation of people. The purpose of the study was to identify "How can gamification be designed in an application to motivate pupils to learn?". As a method approach, we used a design study where different game design elements were identified. The game design elements that were identified were points, badges and leaderboards because according to the literature, these were the most important game design elements in a gamified application. These game design elements were implemented in a prototype which was then evaluated with the test users. The Octalysis framework was used to examine the intrinsic and extrinsic motivation based on the responses provided by the test users. The results from this study showed that game design elements that belong to extrinsic motivation such as points, badges and leaderboards lead to motivate pupils. However, game design elements that belong to the intrinsic motivation, for example multiplayer that we identified in the study, should also be implemented to motivate students to learn.

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This dissertation focuses on the proper understanding of digital currencies, its impact on a country’s economy, and how to design and regulate digital currencies. First, we review the current literature on digital currency and discuss the shortcomings of existing research. Second, we focus on the development of monetary forms, digital monetary forms, and the attribution of minting power. Third, we discuss the issue of the attribution of monetary issuance power, taking into account three major factors, that is the laws of historical evolution, the political and ideological demands of the state, and the ability to perform monetary functions (the core of which is the stability of currency values). Furthermore, we conduct an empirical analysis on the impact of Central bank digital currency (CBDC) on the money policy in China. We find that the use of digital money leads to higher inflation, but the effect is not significant. Finally, we discuss the design frameworks and regulatory ideas of digital currency. On this basis, we propose a reference framework for Central bank digital currency (CBDC) design in China, identify the risks of private digital currencies, and put forward corresponding regulatory recommendations. / Business Administration/Finance

The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the theory and practice of regenerative design and how the concepts apply to scales of design. Ultimately, it examines the applicability and limitations of these principles in a non-traditional resort development. The theories of John Lyle, Robert Thayer, and William McDonough are examined to assist in the establishment of a new framework for regenerative design which is can be used in the design process or evaluation. Case studies of the Center for Regenerative Studies, the Ford Rouge Plant and the Loreto Bay Resort were under taken to evaluate the success of current built works utilizing the new framework. Finally, the development of a regenerative resort community at Mountain Lake, in Giles County, Virginia, is undertaken as a vehicle to demonstrate the process of development and evaluation under the integrated regenerative framework. Regenerative design is a form of sustainable design which incorporates the interlocking of communities with the natural ecological cycles, the larger society and environmental costs. The overall goals for regenerative developments are to design communities which exist within natural limits and are interconnected to the regional society for needs outside the given site. Regenerative design incorporates diverse ecological, cultural, social and economical systems while maintaining their integrity within a dynamic whole. The integrated framework is an effort to direct site specific design through a flexible and extensive structure. There are two parts to this regenerative design framework. The first is a conceptual model for regenerative design, utilizing the existing idea of regenerative design rooted in sustainability, and overlays it with design driven elements of culture, experience, and education. The second element of the framework defines a set of strategies for the design process and a means of evaluating a design. / Master of Landscape Architecture

The focal question to be asked is who are Swedish architects truly building for? If the answer is not an unequivocal ‘everybody’, then the issue at hand makes itself lucid. Historically, our architectural designs have primarily accommodated the able-bodied perspective. Only in the year 2000, with the inception of the national policy ‘’from patient to citizen’’, did regulations begin to address the needs of the physically disadvantaged. However, in this endeavor, a significant portion of our society has been overlooked – those whose neurodiverse conditions impede their participation in spatial environments. Among these, a notable demographic is autistic individuals. Despite being historically marginalized, autism diagnoses have surged by 787% between 1998 and 2018, with approximately 1% of the Swedish population identified as autistic today. This translates to around one hundred thousand citizens whose spatial experiences remain unaccounted for in our architectural considerations. This thesis researches what position autism has in Swedish domestic architecture, and critically looks upon the current laws and regulation surrounding the issue. It analyzes existing case studies to ultimately prove that the very thing these buildings set out to do, they are failing at. In response to these issues, this thesis proposes not only a design framework for architects to adhere to when designing inclusively for autistic people. But also a typological application of said framework as a synthesis project, where the framework is applied to house the existing LSS housing program prevalent in Sweden.

<p>This thesis presents a design work in which one platform specific User Interface (UI) is redesigned to fit into the multiple platform range of a software application. Among other design methods a service design analysis and a platform general UI framework are used. The thesis aims to study the impact of these methods.</p><p>The service design analysis starts with a workshop which outcome is used as reference point during the design process and later in the analysis of the results. The general framework is extracted from existing mobile implementations of the software and is used as a guideline in the design of the platform specific solution.</p><p>The results presented show that the service design perspective added high level priority tools to the process, and there are indications that this method can be even more valuable in earlier stages of adaptation of software to new platforms. The general framework is shown to have contributed on a more detailed level and there is indication that this method can facilitate the work of obtaining continuity between platforms.</p>

Submerge into the world of Sustainable design with this researchproject that offers a thorough analysis of the latest techniques and examplesof environmental friendly products, learn how a decision support model isable to assist in making important design choices and discover how simple itcan be to follow a design framework to find solutions to design problems inthe most unexpected places, while at the same time creating lean “fat free”environmental products.The latest examples of environmental products include the first concept zeroemissionocean transport vessel, the Wallenius Wilhelmsen E/S Orcelle, abalanced combination of esthetics, sustainability and function in the SonyEricsson’s Green Heart packaging, and finally a great example of materialengineering Billerud’s FibreForm which is an innovative and environmentallyfriendly material that can replace plastic.Biomimicry which is a new discipline that studies “nature’s way” and thenimitates this designs and processes to solve design problems when integratedin a design framework that considers; function form and lifecycle is able toguide designers to create products that achieve environmental, social andeconomical sustainability that can raise quality of life and that enablehumanity to increase innovations without sacrificing our future.

The occurrence of devastating natural disasters in the past several years have prompted communities, responding organizations, and governments to seek ways to improve disaster preparedness capabilities locally, regionally, nationally, and internationally. A holistic approach to design used in the aerospace and industrial engineering fields enables efficient allocation of resources through applied parametric changes within a particular design to improve performance metrics to selected standards. In this research, this methodology is applied to disaster preparedness, using a community's time to restoration after a disaster as the response metric. A review of the responses from Hurricane Katrina and the 2010 Haiti earthquake, among other prominent disasters, provides observations leading to some current capability benchmarking. A need for holistic assessment and planning exists for communities but the current response planning infrastructure lacks a standardized framework and standardized assessment metrics. Within the humanitarian logistics community, several different metrics exist, enabling quantification and measurement of a particular area's vulnerability. These metrics, combined with design and planning methodologies from related fields, such as engineering product design, military response planning, and business process redesign, provide insight and a framework from which to begin developing a methodology to enable holistic disaster response planning. The developed methodology was applied to the communities of Shelby County, TN and pre-Hurricane-Katrina Orleans Parish, LA. Available literature and reliable media sources provide information about the different values of system parameters within the decomposition of the community aspects and also about relationships among the parameters. The community was modeled as a system dynamics model and was tested in the implementation of two, five, and ten year improvement plans for Preparedness, Response, and Development capabilities, and combinations of these capabilities. For Shelby County and for Orleans Parish, the Response improvement plan reduced restoration time the most. For the combined capabilities, Shelby County experienced the greatest reduction in restoration time with the implementation of Development&Response capability improvements, and for Orleans Parish it was the Preparedness&Response capability improvements. Optimization of restoration time with community parameters was tested by using a Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm. Fifty different optimized restoration times were generated using the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm and ranked using the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution. The optimization results indicate that the greatest reduction in restoration time for a community is achieved with a particular combination of different parameter values instead of the maximization of each parameter.

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