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Electronic structure of diamond-type valence crystals including a calculation of the energy band structure of diamond by the orthogonalized plane wave method.Herman, Frank. January 1900 (has links)
Thesis--Columbia University. / Issued also in microfilm form in 1953. Includes bibliographical references.
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Raman spectroscopic investigation of radiation damage in carbon implanted diamondPrinsloo, Linda Charlotta. January 2001 (has links)
Thesis (M.Sc.(Chemistry))--University of Pretoria, 2001. / Includes abstract in English. Includes bibliographical references.
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Legal perspectives on the regulation of trade in (conflict) diamonds in Zimbabwe by means of the Kimberley Process Regulation Scheme / Paidamoyo Bryne SaurombeSaurombe, Paidamoyo Bryne January 2014 (has links)
The Kimberley Process Certification Scheme was born out of international security concerns triggered by rebel groups that were using the proceeds of rough diamonds to fund conflict. Rebel groups used rough diamonds, acquired through gross human rights abuses, to fund conflicts aimed at overthrowing legitimate governments. The situation was particularly calamitous and ruinous in Angola, Sierra Leone, Liberia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. In response to this situation a unique coalition of governments, civil society groups and stakeholders in the diamond industry, came together with the support of the United Nations and established a scheme to separate illicitly acquired diamonds from legally traded diamonds. The historical situation at the time allowed the KPCS to define conflict diamonds as "rough diamonds used by rebel movements or their allies to finance conflict aimed at undermining legitimate governments".
However, the exploitation of Marange diamonds in Zimbabwe shows that the use of the proceeds of so-called conflict in diamonds is not limited to rebel movements aiming to wield power but such conflict can be political, economic and military in nature. In Zimbabwe, there was a link between human rights abuses and the ZANU PF led government. ZANU PF financed terror using Marange diamonds. There was international dissatisfaction with the way the KPCS scheme certified Marange diamonds. The USA maintained sanctions on Zimbabwe and Global Witness withdrew from the scheme in protest over the refusal of the scheme to evolve. On the other hand, some participant countries applauded the scheme for its work in certifying Marange diamonds. This study evaluates the efficacy of the scheme in curbing conflict diamonds brought into legal trade by legitimate governments. The study concludes that there is need for reform in the KPCS to successfully separate conflict diamonds from clean diamonds in the face of changing forms of conflict.
In meeting its objective, the KPCS applies an exclusion mechanism where participants of the scheme do not trade with non-participants. The World Trade Organisation (WTO) rules prohibit discrimination amongst participants and the KPCS clearly violated this
rule. Scholars have debated human rights exceptions in the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). There is strong legal support for the idea that the KPCS is justified under GATT article XX and XI. The KPCS is presently operating under a waiver granted from by the WTO under article IX (3) and (4). Another challenge the scheme faces is the legal nature of the scheme. Scholars do not agree on whether to classify the scheme as hard law or soft law. There is a need for clarity on the legal nature of the scheme. / LLM (Import and Export Law), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
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Legal perspectives on the regulation of trade in (conflict) diamonds in Zimbabwe by means of the Kimberley Process Regulation Scheme / Paidamoyo Bryne SaurombeSaurombe, Paidamoyo Bryne January 2014 (has links)
The Kimberley Process Certification Scheme was born out of international security concerns triggered by rebel groups that were using the proceeds of rough diamonds to fund conflict. Rebel groups used rough diamonds, acquired through gross human rights abuses, to fund conflicts aimed at overthrowing legitimate governments. The situation was particularly calamitous and ruinous in Angola, Sierra Leone, Liberia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. In response to this situation a unique coalition of governments, civil society groups and stakeholders in the diamond industry, came together with the support of the United Nations and established a scheme to separate illicitly acquired diamonds from legally traded diamonds. The historical situation at the time allowed the KPCS to define conflict diamonds as "rough diamonds used by rebel movements or their allies to finance conflict aimed at undermining legitimate governments".
However, the exploitation of Marange diamonds in Zimbabwe shows that the use of the proceeds of so-called conflict in diamonds is not limited to rebel movements aiming to wield power but such conflict can be political, economic and military in nature. In Zimbabwe, there was a link between human rights abuses and the ZANU PF led government. ZANU PF financed terror using Marange diamonds. There was international dissatisfaction with the way the KPCS scheme certified Marange diamonds. The USA maintained sanctions on Zimbabwe and Global Witness withdrew from the scheme in protest over the refusal of the scheme to evolve. On the other hand, some participant countries applauded the scheme for its work in certifying Marange diamonds. This study evaluates the efficacy of the scheme in curbing conflict diamonds brought into legal trade by legitimate governments. The study concludes that there is need for reform in the KPCS to successfully separate conflict diamonds from clean diamonds in the face of changing forms of conflict.
In meeting its objective, the KPCS applies an exclusion mechanism where participants of the scheme do not trade with non-participants. The World Trade Organisation (WTO) rules prohibit discrimination amongst participants and the KPCS clearly violated this
rule. Scholars have debated human rights exceptions in the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). There is strong legal support for the idea that the KPCS is justified under GATT article XX and XI. The KPCS is presently operating under a waiver granted from by the WTO under article IX (3) and (4). Another challenge the scheme faces is the legal nature of the scheme. Scholars do not agree on whether to classify the scheme as hard law or soft law. There is a need for clarity on the legal nature of the scheme. / LLM (Import and Export Law), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
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Optical studies of high quality synthetic diamondSharp, Sarah Jane January 1999 (has links)
No description available.
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Growth studies of diamond and related filmsNoegaard, Carsten January 1998 (has links)
No description available.
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Thermal modeling of GaN HEMTs on sapphire and diamondSalm, Roman Peter. 12 1900 (has links)
Wide bandgap semiconductors have entered into Naval radar use and will eventually replace vacuum tube and conventional solid-state amplifiers for all modern military radar and communications applications. Gallium Nitride (GaN) High Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMTs) are on the leading edge of wide bandgap technology and have the performance characteristics to dominate in high power â high bandwidth applications. The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), Office of Naval Research (ONR) and Missile Defense Agency (MDA) are all sponsoring research projects to apply wide bandgap technology. This thesis studies the effects of changing the substrate material of an existing GaN HEMT from sapphire to diamond through the use of commercially available Silvaco software for modeling and simulation. The unparalleled thermal properties of diamond are expected to dramatically decrease device temperatures and increase component lifetimes and reliability.
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Thermally and optically stimulated luminescence in synthetic diamondAraikum, Shawn January 2016 (has links)
This study investigated the photo-excitation and thermoluminescence properties of diamonds which were synthesised primarily for thermoluminescence dosimetry.
For investigations of thermally stimulated processes occurring in these crystals an
analysis of the thermoluminiscence & low spectra and the temperature dependent
isothermal decay spectra was undertaken [Abbreviated abstract. Open document to view full version] / GR2016
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Cross-section transmission electron microscopy of the ion implantation damage in annealed diamondNshingabigwi, Emmanuel Korawinga 06 January 2014 (has links)
A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Science, University of the
Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the requirements for the
degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
Johannesburg, June, 2013 / Diamond with its outstanding and unique physical properties offers the opportunity
to be used as semiconductor material in future device technologies. Promising ap-
plications are, among others, high speed and high-power electronic devices working
under extreme conditions, such as high temperature and harsh chemical environments.
With respect to electronic applications, a controlled doping of the material is neces-
sary which is preferably done by ion implantation. The ion implantation technique
allows incorporation of foreign atoms at de¯ned depths and with controlled spatial
distribution which is not achievable with other methods. However, the ion implanta-
tion process is always connected with the formation of defects which compensate and
trap charge carriers thus degrading the electrical behaviour. It is therefore essential
to understand the nature of defects produced under various implantation conditions.
In this respect, this study involves the investigation of the nature of the radiation
damage produced during the multi-implantation of carbon ions in synthetic high-
pressure, high-temperature (HPHT) type Ib diamond spread over a range of energies
from 50 to 150 keV and °uences, using the cold-implantation-rapid-annealing (CIRA)
routine. Single energy implantation of carbon ions in synthetic HPHT (type Ib), at
room temperature, was also performed. Both ion milling and FIB (Focused Ion
Beam) milling were used to prepare thin specimen for transmission electron micro-
scope (TEM) analysis.
The unimplanted, implanted and annealed samples were characterized using trans-
mission electron microscopy based techniques and Raman spectroscopy.
ii
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In unimplanted type Ia natural diamond, a high density of platelets, exhibiting the
typical contrast of both edge-on and inclined platelets on f100g planes was found.
As-implanted HPHT type Ib diamond, implanted with single energy of 150 keV car-
bon ions and °uence of 7£1015 ions cm¡2 revealed an amorphous diamond layer of
about 80 nm in thickness while, for low °uence implantations, the damaged diamond
retained its crystallinity after annealing at 1600 K. In addition, damaged diamond
transformed into disordered carbon comprising regions with bent (002) graphitic
fringes and regions of amorphous carbon when high °uence, i.e., one above the amor-
phization/graphitisation threshold were used followed by rapid thermal annealing at
1600 K. Furthermore, the interface between the implanted and annealed layer and
the diamond substrate at the end of the range, showed diamond crystallites, inter-
spersed between regions of amorphous carbon and partially graphitized carbon. This
indicates that solid phase epitaxial recrystallization regrowth in diamond does not
occur.
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Negative electron affinity and modifications of diamond surfaces: 金剛石表面之改性及其負電子親和性. / 金剛石表面之改性及其負電子親和性 / CUHK electronic theses & dissertations collection / Negative electron affinity and modifications of diamond surfaces: Jin gang shi biao mian zhi gai xing ji qi fu dian zi qin he xing. / Jin gang shi biao mian zhi gai xing ji qi fu dian zi qin he xingJanuary 1999 (has links)
by Ka Wai Wong. / "June 1999." / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / by Ka Wai Wong.
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