Bielefeld, Universiẗat, Diss., 2002.

Over the past decades, functional group manipulation of aromatic precursors has been a common strategy to access new aromatic compounds. However, these classical methods, such as Friedel-Crafts alkylations and electrophilic/nucleophilic aromatic substitutions, have shown lack of regioselectivity besides the use of activators in excess amounts. To this end, numerous benzannulations to form benzo-fused substrates via Diels-Alder (DA), ring-closing metathesis (RCM), cycloaddition, and transition-metal-promoted processes have been reported. Appending a benzene ring directly onto a pre-existing ring is preferable to many classical methods due to the likely reduction of reaction steps and superior regiocontrol. However, many of these benzannulation reactions require air- and/or moisture- sensitive reaction conditions, a last oxidation step, or the use of highly functionalized precursors. Here we disclose three ‘complementary’ intramolecular ring-opening benzannulations to access a large array of functionalized (hetero)aromatic scaffolds utilizing cyclopropenes-3,3-dicarbonyls, alkylidene cyclopropanes-1,1-diesters, and 2,3-dihydrofuran O,O- and N,O- acetals as building blocks. More than 70 benzo-fused aromatic compounds were synthesized using this complementary approach with yields up to 98% and low catalyst loadings. With these benzannulation reactions in hand, we aim to open the synthetic door to a handful of bioactive natural products.

Over the past decades, functional group manipulation of aromatic precursors has been a common strategy to access new aromatic compounds. However, these classical methods, such as Friedel-Crafts alkylations and electrophilic/nucleophilic aromatic substitutions, have shown lack of regioselectivity besides the use of activators in excess amounts. To this end, numerous benzannulations to form benzo-fused substrates via Diels-Alder (DA), ring-closing metathesis (RCM), cycloaddition, and transition-metal-promoted processes have been reported. Appending a benzene ring directly onto a pre-existing ring is preferable to many classical methods due to the likely reduction of reaction steps and superior regiocontrol. However, many of these benzannulation reactions require air- and/or moisture- sensitive reaction conditions, a last oxidation step, or the use of highly functionalized precursors. Here we disclose three ‘complementary’ intramolecular ring-opening benzannulations to access a large array of functionalized (hetero)aromatic scaffolds utilizing cyclopropenes-3,3-dicarbonyls, alkylidene cyclopropanes-1,1-diesters, and 2,3-dihydrofuran O,O- and N,O- acetals as building blocks. More than 70 benzo-fused aromatic compounds were synthesized using this complementary approach with yields up to 98% and low catalyst loadings. With these benzannulation reactions in hand, we aim to open the synthetic door to a handful of bioactive natural products.

La leishmaniose est une maladie infectieuse due à Leishmania, responsable de plus de 50 000 décès par an en ce qui concerne la forme viscérale (LV). La plupart des médicaments antileishmaniens se révèlent inefficaces (apparition de résistances avec la molécule de référence : la pentamidine) ou trop onéreux pour les patients (incidence principale en Inde). Il existe donc un réel besoin de nouveaux médicaments ne manifestant aucune résistance parasitaire, moins chers et administrables par voie orale. Dans cet objectif, plusieurs séries de monoamidoximes (de structure similaire à celle de la pentadimine) ont été synthétisées, en utilisant des réactions radicalaires médiées par l'acétate de manganèse (III), et sous irradiation micro-ondes. Des réactions pallado-catalysées ont permis de diversifier les structures obtenues : couplages de Suzuki-Miyaura et couplages originaux avec des dérivés de structure allyl alcool. Plusieurs amidoximes ont ainsi montré une bonne activité in vitro sur les formes promastigote et amastigote de Leishmania et une faible toxicité sur des lignées de macrophages, leur indice de sélectivité étant meilleur que celui de la pentamidine, utilisée comme référence. / Leishmaniasis is an infectious disease due to Leishmania : there are more than 50,000 deaths a year due to visceral form (VL). Most of antileishmanial drugs are either inefficient (too many resistances with the main drug : pentamidin) or too expensive for people (most of patients live in India). Thus, there is a real need for new drugs, without parasitical resistances, less expensive and orally administered. In this aim, several series of monoamidoxime, derivatives (pentamidine structure-like) have been synthesized using a free radical mechanism mediated by manganese (III) acetate under microwave irradiation. Palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction were also carried out for extensions of potential drugs : Suzuki-Miyaura reactions and original cross-coupling reactions involving allyl alcohol derivatives. Several amidoximes showed valuable in vitro activities toward Leishmania promastigote and amastigote forms,and low toxicity on macrophages, exhibiting a better selectivity index than pentamidine used as a drug compound reference.

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Im Rahmen dieser Diplomarbeit sollten die Moeglichkeiten einer kationisch initiierten Polymerisation im Zeolithkanal ueberprueft werden.

Im Rahmen dieser Diplomarbeit sollten die Moeglichkeiten einer kationisch initiierten Polymerisation im Zeolithkanal ueberprueft werden.