Recent reviews of research on employee selection have shown that both sex-role stereotypes and physical attractiveness stereotypes have pronounced effects on the personnel evaluations received by attractive or unattractive male or female applicants when applying for particular jobs. With the exception of one recent study by Beehr and Gilmore (1982), however, previous research has neglected to identify jobs for which physical attractiveness (PA) was relevant and jobs for which PA was irrelevant when investigating the effects of physical attractiveness stereotypes on employment decisions. The present research examined sex-role stereotypes and PA-stereotypes using appropriately sex-typed and PA relevancy-typed jobs. The second purpose of the research was to extend the findings that the causal attributions made concerning a person’s success and/or failure at a particular task are a function of the sex-congruency of the task. If physical attractiveness stereotypes are as prevalent as sex-role stereotypes, then the attributions made by raters concerning successful or unsuccessful performance in PA-congruent tasks should be as pervasive as the attributions made for sex-congruent tasks. The final purpose of the research addressed a deficiency in the employee selection literature. While the biasing effects that physical attractiveness has on selection decisions are well documented, only one study could be found that attempted to control or eliminate this bias. Hence, this study employed a halo reduction technique, namely, the explicit rating of the irrelevant halo producing factor, in an attempt to purge from a rater's system the bias produced in job-related ratings by a job applicant's physical attractiveness. In Experiment 1, each of 68 subjects rated the suitability of one applicant for masculine, feminine, and neuter sex-typed jobs. Each resume was identical with the exception of the systematic manipulation of the applicant's sex. As expected, sex-role stereotypes had a strong influence on personnel decisions, as well as recommendations of alternatives to employment and subjects' causal attributions of applicants' assumed successful and unsuccessful job performance. In Experiment 2, a 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 x 2 (Purge x Photo Attractiveness x Applicant Sex x Subject Sex x Job Sex-Type x PA-Relevancy) design was employed. Subjects were 304 undergraduate students. Each resume was identical with the exception of the systematic manipulation of the applicant's sex and attractiveness. As predicted, personnel decisions once again reflected the operation of sex-role stereotypes. Additionally, subjects' evaluations reflected the influence of a physical attractiveness stereotype that affected employment decisions, overall employment potential, and causal attributions of applicants' job successes and failures. Limited but promising results were found for the purging technique which was designed to reduce the bias in personnel decisions that results from an applicant's attractiveness. / Ph. D.

Typescript (photocopy). / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

This research provides a descriptive account of the desegregation case Adams-Celaya v. Southwest School District (1978) in a large urban public school district in the southwestern United States. Arias (1990) conceptual framework was utilized along with a chronological account of the events that occurred in the case. Research questions included: (1) Was bilingual education implemented along with desegregation after the Adams-Celaya v. Southwest School District lawsuit?; and (2) Did the district deal primarily with linguistic or descriptive needs of Mexican-American students? This work constituted a detailed case study of the school district. Method included analysis of data gathered through board minutes, newspaper and district publications, historical data, and semi-structured interviews with individuals who played key roles in the district desegregation process. Findings indicate that the court-ordered desegregation remedy occurred in three stages known as Phases I, II, and III. In Phase I mandatory busing occurred (minority students bore the burden). In Phase II, some inner-city elementary schools were designated as magnets with majority (white) students bused in after being offered and taking advantage of incentives such as extended day, small classes, and teacher aides. In Phase III, the focus of this study, four inner-city schools (three elementary and one middle school) were designated as magnets with bilingual curricula offered at each school along with incentives to attract east-side majority students to the inner-city minority populated schools. With regard to impact, findings of this study generally support Arias (1990) that: (1) desegregation remedies must go beyond student reassignment strategies to include appropriate instructional components such as bilingual education, (2) demographic considerations, and (3) "controlled choice system" which is a form of the magnet school approach such as those offered by Southwest School District after the lawsuit. Further findings suggest some of the Phase III schools may be resegregating as racial isolation may be recurring and student enrollment at these schools is declining.

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Denna empiriska studie ämnade till att undersöka hur äldreomsorgen inom kommun NN (påhittat namn) arbetar förebyggande mot etnisk diskriminering samt upplevelser kring detta arbete. Studien hade en kvalitativ ansats med en psykologisk utgångspunkt där semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes på både arbetstagare och enhetschefer för att sammanställa en helhetsbild av arbetet. Författarna genomförde ett målinriktat urval av organisation och därefter ett bekvämlighetsurval av respondenter. Detta resulterade i åtta deltagare (n=8) varav fyra av dessa var enhetschefer och fyra var undersköterskor, med en fördelning på tre män och fem kvinnor. En konstruerad intervjumall användes i genomförandet av intervjuerna och för resultatet användes en tematisk analysmetod. Studiens resultat visade att det förekommer brister i det förebyggande arbetet mot etnisk diskriminering på kommun NN. Information och kommunikation visade sig vara de huvudsakliga bristande faktorerna i det förebyggande arbetet mot etnisk diskriminering. / This empirical study aimed to investigate how the care of the elderly in municipality NN (fictive name) works to prevent ethnic discrimination and the experiences with this work. The study was operationalized with a qualitative approach with a psychological point of view. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with both employees and unit managers to compile a holistic picture of the work. The authors conducted a targeted selection of organization and then a convenience sampling. This resulted in eight participants (n = 8) of whom four were unit managers and four were nurses, with a distribution of three men and five women. A constructed interview template was used when conducting the interviews, and for the result a thematic analysis method was used. The findings of the study showed that there is a lack of preventive efforts against ethnic discrimination in municipality NN. The inadequate factors in the preventive work against ethnic discrimination were shown to be information and communication.

The study of anthropoid primates has enabled investigators to characterize the role of the occipital cortex in the mediation of the major part of primate visual behavior. The additional discovery of "psychic blind-ness" associated with temporal lobe removal opened the way for the subsequent identification of the inferotemporal deficit. More recently, understanding of visual mechanisms has been enriched by the study of more "primitive" species such as the tree shrew. Behavioral studies of the tree shrew have shown that, like the monkey, both the occipital and temporal cortices have a role in basic visual functions. On anatomical grounds, the bush baby is considered to have a visual system intermediate in complexity to that of the tree shrew and that of the monkey. This study was initiated to determine if the visual capacities of the bush baby were Intermediate to those described for the tree shrew and the monkey. / This thesis was digitized as part of a project begun in 2014 to increase the number of Duke psychology theses available online. The digitization project was spearheaded by Ciara Healy.

Children whose mental age is below ten years lack the ability to utilize incoming information perfectly enough to make fine phonetic distinctions among sounds. This is an experimental study of the growth and interrelationship between sound discrimination ability and mental age.