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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Efeitos antinociceptivo e anti-inflamatÃrio da lectina da alga marinha verde Caulerpa cupressoides no modelo de artrite induzida por zymosan na articulaÃÃo temporomandibular de ratos / Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of lectin green seaweed Caulerpa cupressoides in zymosan-induced arthritis model in the temporomandibular joint of rats

Renata Line da ConceiÃÃo Rivanor 31 January 2014 (has links)
CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / As algas marinhas sÃo fontes de compostos bioativos para a indÃstria farmacÃutica e dentre esses compostos destacamos as lectinas. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo investigar os efeitos antinociceptivo e anti-inflamatÃrio da lectina da alga marinha verde Caulerpa cupressoides (LCc) no modelo de artrite induzida por zymosan (Zy) na articulaÃÃo temporomandibular (ATM) de ratos. LCc foi extraÃda com tampÃo Tris-HCl 25 mM, pH 7,5 e isolada por cromatografia de troca iÃnica em coluna de DEAE-celulose. Nos ensaios de artrite induzida por Zy, ratos Wistar machos receberam LCc (0,1; 1 ou 10 mg/kg; i.v.) ou salina estÃril, 30 min antes da injeÃÃo intra-articular (i.art.) de Zy (2 mg/art., 40 ÂL) na ATM esquerda. Grupos controles receberam salina estÃril (40 ÂL; i.art.), indometacina (5 mg/kg; s.c) ou morfina (5 mg/kg, s.c.). Grupos de animais receberam LCc (10 mg/kg, i.v.) associada à mucina (100 mg/kg, i.v.), um aÃÃcar inibidor, e outro grupo recebeu somente mucina antes dos estÃmulos. Para analisar o envolvimento da via da HO-1 na artrite, os animais foram prÃ-tratados (3 mg/kg, s.c.) com um inibidor especÃfico do grupo heme (zinco protoporfirina IX â ZnPP IX). Finalmente, para avaliar se o efeito antinociceptivo de LCc estava envolvido na ativaÃÃo do sistema opioide, grupo de animais receberam uma injeÃÃo i.art. (10 &#956;g/art.;15 ÂL) de um antagonista de receptores opioides (naloxona), 35 min antes da injeÃÃo de Zy. ApÃs 5 min, os animais foram prÃ-tratados com LCc (10 mg/kg). A hipernocicepÃÃo mecÃnica foi medida utilizando o mÃtodo de Von Frey elÃtrico no tempo basal e 4 h apÃs a injeÃÃo de Zy. Na 6a hora, os animais foram eutanasiados e suas ATM lavadas para coleta do lavado sinovial e realizaÃÃo da contagem total de cÃlulas e dosagem de mieloperoxidase (MPO). Posteriormente, as ATM foram removidas para as anÃlises histolÃgicas e imunohistoquÃmica (TNF-&#945;, IL-1&#946; e HO-1), alÃm da dosagem de IL-1&#946; no tecido periarticular e gÃnglio trigeminal. O prÃ-tratamento com LCc (0,1, 1 ou 10 mg/kg; i.v.) reduziu significativamente a hipernocicepÃÃo induzida por Zy (81, 83 e 89,5%, respectivamente) e inibiu o influxo de leucÃcitos (77,3, 80,7 e 98,5%, respectivamente) comparado ao grupo Zy, sendo confirmada pela atividade de MPO. O aÃÃcar inibidor (mucina) nÃo foi capaz de inibir o efeito anti-inflamatÃrio e antinociceptivo de LCc na artrite induzida por Zy. Observamos que durante a anÃlise histolÃgica da ATM, os animais tratados com LCc apresentaram uma reduÃÃo significativa do influxo celular na membrana sinovial. AlÃm disso, LCc reduziu significativamente a produÃÃo de IL-1&#946; no tecido periarticular e a expressÃo de IL-1&#946;, TNF-&#945; e HO-1 na membrana sinovial durante o ensaio de imunohistoquÃmica. O tratamento com ZnPP IX nÃo foi capaz de inibir os efeitos de LCc, mostrando que sua aÃÃo antinociceptiva e anti-inflamatÃria nÃo ocorre pela via da HO-1. AlÃm disso, o tratamento com naloxona nÃo reverteu o efeito de LCc. Portanto, LCc apresentou efeito antinociceptivo e anti-inflamatÃrio no modelo de artrite induzida por Zy, reduzindo a produÃÃo de citocinas primÃrias (TNF-&#945; e IL-1&#946;), porÃm sua aÃÃo antinociceptiva nÃo ocorre pelo mecanismo opioide perifÃrico. / Seaweeds are sources of bioactive compounds for the pharmaceutical industry and among these compounds include the lectins. The present study aimed to investigate the effects antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory of the lectin of the green seaweed Caulerpa cupressoides (CcL) on model of zymosan-induced arthritis in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) of rats. CcL was extracted with 25 mM Tris-HCl buffer pH 7.5 and isolated by ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose column. In tests of arthritis induced by Zy, male Wistar rats received CcL (0.1, 1 or 10 mg/kg, i.v.) or sterile saline, 30 min before the intra-articular (i.art.) injection of Zy (2 mg/art.; 40 &#956;L) into the left TMJ. Control groups received saline (40 &#956;L; i.art.), indomethacin (5 mg/kg, s.c.) or morphine (5 mg/kg, s.c.). Groups of animals received CcL (10 mg/kg; i.v.) associated with mucin (8 mg/kg; i.v.), a sugar inhibitor, and another group received only mucin before stimulus. To analyze the involvement of HO-1 pathway in arthritis, animals were pretreated (3 mg/kg, s.c.) with a specific inhibitor of heme (zinc protoporphyrin IX-ZnPP IX). Finally, to evaluate the analgesic effect of CcL in the activation of the opioid system, group of animals received an injection i.art. (10 &#956;g/art.; 15 ÂL) of the opioid receptor antagonist (naloxone), 35 min before injection of Zy. After 5 min, the animals were pretreated with CcL (10 mg/kg). Mechanical hypernociception was recorded before the i.art. injections of Zy or saline and after 4h. After 6 hour, the synovial fluid was collected to perform cell counting and myeloperoxidase (MPO) assay. Also, TMJ tissues were excised to perform histopathological, immunohistochemistry (TNF-&#945;, IL-1&#946; e HO-1) and cytokine assays (IL-1&#946;) in the periarticular tissue and trigeminal ganglion. Pretreatment with CcL (0.1, 1 or 10 mg/kg; i.v.) inhibited (p<0.05) the nociceptive response (81, 83, and 89.5%, respectively) and reduced the influx of leukocytes (77.3, 80.7 and 98.5%, respectively) compared to Zy group, as demonstrated by MPO activity. Sugar inhibitor (mucin) did not inhibit the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effect of CcL in arthritis induced by Zy. We observed that during the histological analysis of ATM, animals treated with CcL showed a significant reduction of cell influx in the synovial membrane. Furthermore, CcL significantly reduced the production of IL-1&#946; in the periarticular tissue and expression of IL-1&#946;, TNF-&#945; and HO-1 in the synovial membrane during immunohistochemistry assay. Treatment with ZnPP IX was not able to inhibit the effect CcL, indicating that its antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory action did not occur HO-1 pathway. In addition, treatment with naloxone did not reverse the effect of CcL. Therefore, CcL showed antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effect on model of Zy-induced arthritis, reducing the production of primary cytokines (TNF-&#945; and IL-1&#946;), however its antinociceptive action did not occur by peripheral opioid mechanism.

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