The purpose of this diploma thesis is to analyze the parent-child relationship in selected novels by Anita Desai. The novels chosen for the analysis are Cry, the Peacock; Clear Light of Day; Fire on the Mountain; Fasting, Feasting. The aim of the theoretical part is, firstly, to introduce Anita Desai and her style of writing, secondly, to lay the theoretical basis for further analysis of the attachment between children and their parents. In this part the author presents the Attachment theory, behavioural patterns and parenting styles (authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, uninvolved). The theoretical part is concluded by a portrait of Indian society and typical Indian family structure - the environment in which Desai's protagonists live. The practical part consists of thorough analysis of the selected novels. The analysis shows Desai's tendency to portray such parenting styles that instil insecurity in children. The results prove that these approaches to raising a child affect the personality development negatively. It was interesting to find out that gender bias influences not only the life-path and self-concept of the protagonists but also the quality of their relationship with their parents.

This diploma thesis deals with the position of women in the labour market, focusing on gender wage differences. It describes the problem of discrimination against women and the different valuation of women's and men's work. In the theoretical part, the thesis focuses on the basic terminology and overview of Czech and European legal regulations, which should ensure an equal access for women and men. Essential part of this work is to analyze the wage gap by using Gender Pay Gap index and the factors, that affects this gap. Wage differences are analyzed at the level of national economy and also at the level of individual proffesional groups. A separate chapter is devoted to analyzing the macroeconomic factors that are considered the most important causes of differences in women's and men's income. The thesis presents statistical data, which explains the different position of women in the labour market and also provides evidence of wage discrimination against women. Results of the analysis are set into the Czech and European context.

This doctoral thesis is focused on human resource development in strategy of small and medium-sized enterprises. Human resource development is conceptualized very widely in the thesis, because the thesis is concerning with issues still less frequently investigated in relation to human resource development, especially the compliance with the principle of equal treatment and the prohibition of discrimination in employment relations. Traditional division into theoretical and practical part is respected in the thesis. Theoretical part contains literature review, broadly describing fundamental disciplinary knowledge, which was elaborated on the basis of long-term studying the scientific writings of many domestic and foreign authors. Theoretical part of the thesis was initial for composing the practical part of the thesis; it was used as a base for the research objectives defining (Chapter 3), served as a guideline on scientific methodology studying and subsequent appropriate methodology and methods selection (Chapter 4), which continues with three practical research topics: staff motivation, employee turnover and job satisfaction in SMEs, and discrimination at the workplace and in staffing regard to SMEs. These areas are meant to be potential barriers of human resource development, unless managed carefully with erudition. Potential occurrence of discrimination in labour law issues brings a risk of sanctions and pecuniary penalty for employers. Research questions, which were formulated according to above mentioned basis by author of this doctoral thesis in the practical part within set research topics, were tested on empirical data by way of both quantitative and qualitative research in two research samples. First of them was gained within team research project GA JU 039/2013/S (investigator doc. Ing. Darja Holátová, Ph.D.) and comprised of 295 SMEs, which were investigated through questionnaire survey; subsequently motivation, employee turnover and job satisfaction on collected data were investigated by author of doctoral thesis. The second sample was investigated by author of this thesis at her own research activity and consisted of 1600 advertisements demanding applicants for 2981 working places at 846 entities, which were announced by regional bureau of Employment Service of the Czech republic for district České Budějovice via the Integrated Portal of the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs of the Czech republic (2016) on the webpage portal.mpsv.cz; the prevalence of discriminatory reasons through content analysis was explored and the findings were consequently compared with the survey of the Public Defender of Rights realized in 2011. Finally, the inquiry for the participation of SMEs in announcing job advertisements where discriminatory nature could not be excluded from in studied period was carried out through selecting gender as discriminatory reason. A discovery of the range of employee benefits provided in SMEs, employee turnover rate calculated by author, additionally including voluntary departures of employees, as well as obtained findings about managers' or enterprise owners' attitudes and subjective rating of job satisfaction in studied SMEs were analysed by author of the thesis. The findings have also revealed an insufficient strategic attitude of some approached managers or enterprise owners towards making plans and setting the goals in the area of job satisfaction. Additionally, it was found that SMEs participated in announcing job advertisements where discriminatory nature could not be excluded in studied period along to the criterion of Czech Public Defender of the Rights in the issue of direct discrimination by reason of a gender. On the basis of acquired findings the conclusions and recommendations were formulated. The thesis brings theoretical, practical and pedagogical contribution. In conclusion, the objectives set in the thesis, were, in the author's opinion, accomplished.

The thesis is focused on the anti-discrimination law and its social reason. It is itself divided into seven parts and devoted to definition of the essential political and philosophical terms as the equality, fairness, freedom, also human rights, the discrimination mechanism, the relation between the morality and the law. The chapters describe component terms which were evolving in a different historical context. The attention turns to the European and Czech anti-discrimination judicature and to the analysis of the discrimination as a term as well. The mechanism of discrimination comes after to more comprehensive view why people make differents and for lawmaker´s right attitude to discrimination. The final part of the thesis is a chapter about the fairness to answer questions about how much the law norm can interfere in individual freedom and about the relation between the law and the morality.

Our position in the labour market is conditioned by a number of features (age, state of health, education, sex, ethnic origin) which define groups of people who are more endangered by a loss of job and predestined to be unemployed. Each of these groups has its specific problems or ``obstacles`` which prevent them from getting a job again. One of these groups includes people over fifty years of age. If an individual has problems to find a job at the beginning or in the middle of their carrier life, their chances of getting a job as they grow older are even smaller. Many people have to face the crisis of basic social securities. Situations when a person is, in a very short time, permanently separated from the results of their long-term efforts, from their social status, their colleagues and income are fairly frequent. The objective of the work was to define the obstacles which hinder unemployed people of over fifty years of age from finding a job, and to point out the issue of unemployment in this age group. The research was carried out in the Labour Bureau in České Budějovice and in the Labour Bureau in Strakonice. Methods of qualitative research were used, specifically a Questionnaire and an Analysis of the content of documents. The following hypotheses were determined: 1. The greatest obstacle preventing people older than fifty from finding a job is the lack of qualifications. 2. Along with an improvement of the situation in the labour market the number of unemployed people in this age category registered in the Labour Bureau decreases. The hypotheses were confirmed. The research showed that the greatest obstacle for these unemployed people are their qualifications which are insufficient and do not correspond with the current requirements of the labour market. It was also discovered that the number of people in the 50+ category increases or decreases depending on the general development of the unemployment rate. However, changes in the 50+ category are not very significant, and therefore, the ratio of applicants in the 50+ category keeps increasing as compared to the total number of job applicants. That is why the 50+ category rightly ranks among risky groups of unemployed people. In order to improve the chances of the 50+ workers in the labour market, it is necessary to improve their professional qualifications, eliminate age discrimination and modify working conditions in such a way to enable these people to find a job even in spite of various health restrictions. Elderly workers would have to change their opinion regarding retaining a job, their attitude to acquiring new skills and they would have to become more flexible to match the present labour market. The issue of unemployment of people over fifty years of age is and will be topical since it can be expected that the trend of ageing of the population and the increasingly dynamic features of the economy based on modern technologies, will make it increasingly difficult for such people to find a job.

The thesis deals with the history of feminism both in the world and in the Czech Republic, its trends and waves. Some distinguished male and female feminism representatives whose works and opinions have influenced the development of feminist ideology are introduced. It also gives a survey of permeation as well as influence of feminism and gender on certain areas of private and social life in the European Union and in the Czech Republic. In the thesis legitimacy or illegitimacy of feminist demands and possibilities to meet those demands are discussed. The terms such as equality, discrimination, agenda on equality between men and women and family politics are mentioned, because they refer to areas of a prominent concern of feminism.

The subject of this diploma thesis is the Employer's Strategy for Employing Parents on Parental Leave. The theoretical starting points of the thesis map the area of equal opportunities policy, the concept of family policy and employment policy in the Czech Republic. In addition, the work focuses on the personal and working life of parents on parental leave, describes the development of personal and work satisfaction, the motivation of parents to return to work and the expectation of parents from the employer. The last part of the theoretical framework focuses on employers' strategy, focuses on the social responsibility of organizations in the context of the topic, the motivation of employers to employ parents, their expectations of cooperation, and examples of different approaches to employing parents in the private and public sectors. The aim of the research part of thesis is to identify the causes that prevent parents from taking part in the labor market during parental leave and to educate and broaden their qualifications and to identify opportunities that lead to facilitating access to the labor market for parents on parental leave. The research problem looks at the perspective of parents (women) employed in the private and public sectors. The problem is processed through qualitative research....

The diploma thesis deals with the status of women in the labour market. The thesis outlines gender issues and focuses on the principle of equal opportunities for men and women, which has become largely a public issue. The thesis aims to explore two areas in the sphere of employment. The first aim is to detect differences in the status of women in the labour market regarding the level of employment equality and to identify factors that affect them. The second aim is focused on finding differences in the gender pay gap and to identify factors that determine them. The situation of women in the labour market and the wage differences is a statistical examination of data on the Czech Republic. The thesis presents a conclusive explanation of gender inequality in the labour market and the problem of harmonizing work and family life. The legislation is also presented, which represents the efforts of the state to eliminate unequal access to women. Results of the analysis made comprehensive findings of developments and current status of women in the labour market set in a European context.

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a mental illnes manifesting itselg, among other signs, with impaired body schema and rejection of food. Principal focus of the thesis was to assess the discrimination treshold, ability to evaluate sensory perception and body self-concept in adolescent female patients hospitalised with anorexia nervosa. Our goal was to clarify and better understand the still not adequately described neurophysiological aspects of anorexia nervosa. The results were compared to control group; both groups comprised 18 girls, the average age of observed group being 14,7 ± 0,71 years and average age of control group being 15,3 ±0,71 years. Two-point discrimination was examined in three areas - arm, between shoulder blades and belly - with modified caliper. The Petrie test was used in sensory perception testing, while body self-concept was measured with BAT questionare. The examinations were performed in standardised conditions during similar day times. We found significant difference in two-point discrimination in the area between the shoulder blades with significance level α = 5 % and p-value p = 0,0001. A statistically significant difference was also observed in body self-concept with significance level α = 5 % and p-value p = 0,017. Thus we conclude that patients suffering from anorexia nervosa...

The aim of this diploma thesis is to analyse in detail the issue of the position of women in top management positions in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part of the thesis focus mainly on the legislation and mapping of the current situation of the issue. The thesis also examines gender, gender identity and gender mainstreaming, all of those terms are defined in detail in the text. The first part of the theses builds an important theoretical base and explains terms such as glass ceiling and the mentioned gender mainstreaming. The work also investigates the issue of equal pay and employment of women. The practical part of the thesis contains its own qualitative research that was done with specific top managers in the selected company. The aim of the practical part is to compare the theoretical concepts of the position of women on the Czech labour market with the situation in a particular Czech company. During the research are investigated both opinions of top managers on the nationwide situation as well as the situation within the company. Based on the research results, the research questions are answered and recommendations for improving the current position of women on the Czech labour market are formulated.