This thesis documents mourners’ experiences of funerals in contemporary Britain, and considers the implications of these for an understanding of funerals’ social significance. It represents the first time that experiences of these people, who attend funerals but do not contribute to their planning, have been taken into account in an analysis of funerals in contemporary Britain. The data on which the thesis draws have been generated in collaboration with the Mass-Observation Project, a long-running, large-scale qualitative writing project based at the University of Sussex. Participants in the project are self-identified ‘ordinary people’ who were asked to write in detail about the most recent funeral they had been to, as well as the best and worst they had ever attended. These data were analysed thematically. The thesis argues that the three previously identified ‘authorities’ over death and dying of religion/tradition, professional/expert, and individual/self do not fully account for mourners’ experiences of funerals. By examining the ‘doing’ and ‘displaying’ of family at funerals, the thesis demonstrates that for mourners, the family constitutes a further authority over the funeral. Among other themes, the significance of speakers at the funeral and of mourners’ own authenticity are drawn on to then argue that Davies’ theorisation of funerals as ‘words against death’ needs to take account not only of what is done at funerals but who does it; that funerals are also ‘people and their relationships against death’.

XX amžiaus antroje pusėje juvelyrikai priartėjus prie kitų vaizduojamojo meno rūšių, papuošalui tapus meno kūriniu, išreiškiančiu individualią kūrėjo poziciją, ir pradėjus rengti specializuotas juvelyrikos parodas, iškilo juvelyrikos eksponavimo reikšmė. Problematiškumas slypi srities specifikoje (dažnai maži mąsteliai, brangių medžiagų naudojimas) bei santykyje su kūnu, nes dėvėjimas yra esminis papuošalo suvokimui. Todėl įprastas juvelyrikos eksponavimas stiklinėse vitrinose netenkina juvelyrikos, kuriamos postmodernaus meno principais. Darbo tikslas – išanalizuoti galimas meninės juvelyrikos eksponavimo strategijas pasitelkiant trumpalaikių meninės juvelyrikos parodų pavyzdžius iš Lietuvos bei užsienio nuo XX a. 8 dešimtmečio iki šių dienų. Tyrimas nėra istorinio pobūdžio: juvelyrikos parodos nėra analizuojamos chronologiniu principu ar kaip vientisas reiškinys, procesas, kuriame galima užfiksuoti tam tikrą raidą. Nagrinėjamos trumpalaikės personalinės ir grupinės juvelyrikos parodos, nes jose gali būti įgyvendinti tokie ekspoziciniai sprendimai, kurie netinkami ilgalaikėms muziejų ekspozicijoms. Tyrimu siekiama išsiaiškinti, kaip juvelyrikos eksponavimas veikia pačių kūrinių supratimą, priėmimą ir turinį, kokios skirtingos juvelyrikos eksponavimo praktikos naudojamos, koks yra žiūrovo ryšys su papuošalu parodos metu bei kaip skirtingi eksponavimo būdai lemia šį ryšį, koks žiūrovo santykis su ekspozicija. Magistrinio darbo struktūra paremta skirtingų juvelyrikos parodose... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Contemporary jewellery cannot be dissociated from developments in the fine art. In the second part of the 20th century jewellery started to be considered as an art form which can express the individuality of an artist. During that time the first specialized jewellery exhibitions were held and since then the attention was drawn to the importance of how objects are displayed in the exhibition. What makes exhibiting jewellery difficult is its connection to the body - wearability is the essence of it. In addition, usually jewellery is small scale and made of precious materials. As a result, typical showcases made of glass are no longer satisfying for displaying art jewellery. The aim of this research is to analyze possible strategies of how art jewellery can be presented. The examples of temporary jewellery exhibitions, both personal and group, from Lithuania and abroad from the 1970s to the present are included. The research is not historical and based on chronology, jewellery exhibitions are not seen as a continuous phenomenon with clear evolution. Temporary exhibitions offer a possibility of to putting into practice such display solutions which would not be suitable for permanent museum displays. This paper looks into the questions such as what kind of different display strategies are used to exhibit jewellery, how the display affects the perception of the artworks, what the relation between the viewer and the jewellery work in the exhibition is, how display influences this... [to full text]

Porcine <i>Circovirus</i> 2 (PCV2) associated diseases (PCVAD) cause economic loss to the global swine industry. Control measures for PCVAD largely depend on the use of PCV2 vaccines. The available commercial PCV2 vaccines contain either inactivated whole virus particles or recombinant PCV2 capsid protein. These preparations most likely contain varying amounts of immune-irrelevant proteins that can cause adverse injection site reactions, with compromised efficacy due to alteration of protective immune epitopes arising during the viral inactivation process. Other constraints include high production cost attributed to propagation of slow growing virus and expression and extraction of recombinant proteins, a requirement for adjuvants, and the induction of a Th2-biased immune response. Hence, development of new PCV2 vaccines is necessary.<p> There are two recommended PCV2 vaccination strategies. They are i. vaccinating sows, which relies on the passive transfer of maternal immunity to offspring, and ii. immunizing young piglets to induce an active immune response. The piglet vaccination has been shown to confer better protection from mortality. Maternal antibody interference to the induction of an active immune response is an obstacle when piglets are vaccinated at an early age. Can we sidestep this maternal antibody interference? To address this issue, I investigated whether a prototypical PCV2 vaccine, parenterally administered, could override maternally-derived PCV2 antibodies in seropositive piglets. The results of this study were not conclusive. However, they laid the foundation for future studies based upon using varying levels of vaccine antigen with different adjuvants, and administered to piglets with defined maternally derived PCV2 antibodies.<p> Subsequently, I examined if a new PCV2 vaccine candidate comprised of bacteriophage lambda particles displaying part of the PCV2 capsid protein could induce anti-PCV2 immunity. Initial experiments showed that pigs do not have pre-existing anti-lambda antibodies and thus will not neutralize display particles used as a vaccine at primary vaccination. I produced and characterized lambda phage particles displaying four immunodominant regions of porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) capsid protein fused to the lambda capsid protein D i.e., D-CAP, phage display particles. Expression of D-CAP in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>) and its presence in the vaccine preparation was shown by ELISA and Western blots using anti-PCV2 polyclonal antiserum from a gnotobiotic pig. The vaccine, lambda particles displaying PCV2 capsid protein immunogenic epitopes fused to lambda D protein (LDP-D-CAP), administered without an adjuvant induced both humoral and cellular immunity to PCV2 in conventional pigs, as shown by ELISA, Western blots, virus neutralization assay and delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions. This work produced the first potential phage vaccine to PCV2. In order to further investigate the feasibility of using the lambda display technology. I produced and characterized two additional lambda display particle preparations, LDP-D-FLAG and LDP-D-GFP, displaying a FLAG tag and the green fluorescent proteins, respectively.

Porcine <i>Circovirus</i> 2 (PCV2) associated diseases (PCVAD) cause economic loss to the global swine industry. Control measures for PCVAD largely depend on the use of PCV2 vaccines. The available commercial PCV2 vaccines contain either inactivated whole virus particles or recombinant PCV2 capsid protein. These preparations most likely contain varying amounts of immune-irrelevant proteins that can cause adverse injection site reactions, with compromised efficacy due to alteration of protective immune epitopes arising during the viral inactivation process. Other constraints include high production cost attributed to propagation of slow growing virus and expression and extraction of recombinant proteins, a requirement for adjuvants, and the induction of a Th2-biased immune response. Hence, development of new PCV2 vaccines is necessary.<p> There are two recommended PCV2 vaccination strategies. They are i. vaccinating sows, which relies on the passive transfer of maternal immunity to offspring, and ii. immunizing young piglets to induce an active immune response. The piglet vaccination has been shown to confer better protection from mortality. Maternal antibody interference to the induction of an active immune response is an obstacle when piglets are vaccinated at an early age. Can we sidestep this maternal antibody interference? To address this issue, I investigated whether a prototypical PCV2 vaccine, parenterally administered, could override maternally-derived PCV2 antibodies in seropositive piglets. The results of this study were not conclusive. However, they laid the foundation for future studies based upon using varying levels of vaccine antigen with different adjuvants, and administered to piglets with defined maternally derived PCV2 antibodies.<p> Subsequently, I examined if a new PCV2 vaccine candidate comprised of bacteriophage lambda particles displaying part of the PCV2 capsid protein could induce anti-PCV2 immunity. Initial experiments showed that pigs do not have pre-existing anti-lambda antibodies and thus will not neutralize display particles used as a vaccine at primary vaccination. I produced and characterized lambda phage particles displaying four immunodominant regions of porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) capsid protein fused to the lambda capsid protein D i.e., D-CAP, phage display particles. Expression of D-CAP in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>) and its presence in the vaccine preparation was shown by ELISA and Western blots using anti-PCV2 polyclonal antiserum from a gnotobiotic pig. The vaccine, lambda particles displaying PCV2 capsid protein immunogenic epitopes fused to lambda D protein (LDP-D-CAP), administered without an adjuvant induced both humoral and cellular immunity to PCV2 in conventional pigs, as shown by ELISA, Western blots, virus neutralization assay and delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions. This work produced the first potential phage vaccine to PCV2. In order to further investigate the feasibility of using the lambda display technology. I produced and characterized two additional lambda display particle preparations, LDP-D-FLAG and LDP-D-GFP, displaying a FLAG tag and the green fluorescent proteins, respectively.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(農学) / 甲第18331号 / 農博第2056号 / 新制||農||1022(附属図書館) / 学位論文||H26||N4838(農学部図書室) / 31189 / 京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生命科学専攻 / (主査)教授 植田 充美, 教授 三上 文三, 教授 小川 順 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Agricultural Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

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This thesis deals with the depiction of death in the Sandman comic books written by Neil Gaiman. It aims to explore the forms of death that the author presents in his comics through pictorial and textual codes. The work begins with a reflection on the phenomenon of death and how this phenomenon and its depiction stand in time and in current perception. The theory of visual semiotics is used for research, especially the findings of Ch. S. Peirce and the theory of multimodality, which is described in the theoretical part. The focus is then shifted to the comics itself and towards the characteristics of individual elements of visual language applicable for describing comic images, such as color, perspective, panel size, framing, etc. The analysis of images is preceded by research depicting death from the perspective of western culture in its historical context. In the description of the images, the essential features of the individual modes are determined and their meanings are interpreted. The conclusion is summarizing author's findings and try to confirm the initial thought presented at the beginning of the work: that Gaiman perceived the character of Death very differently than is usual in contemporary commercial images.

This diploma thesis deals with the position of women and men on the Internet social network called Instagram. The theme is first described from a theoretical point of view, explaining what web 2.0 is, what social networks are and how social networking helps with our socialization to society and our self-presentation. In this part are also explained the concepts of gender and gender stereotypes. My own research consist of three parts. The first part is a qualitative image analysis of so-called "selfie" photos of selected Instagram users, which revealed, that the women that I analyzed supported gender stereotypes in female imaginary, while analyzed men occasionally oscillated between masculinity and femininity. The second part is the analysis of the number of the likes under these "selfie" photos and the third part is the analysis of deep semi-structured interviews, which showed that women and men have much in common on Instagram. But overall, their position on this network according to my analysis is not the same.

birefringance, degreeofpolarization, polarization, Stokesvectors, Poincarésphere, state of polarization, optical power, sensoric fibre, polarization-maintaining fiber, polaroid, poalrimeter