No description available.

Islamic Law in Canada: Marriage and Divorce provides an analysis of how Canadian society and the Canadian judicial system have responded to the use of the Shari'a to resolve issues relating to Islamic marriage and divorce in Canada. This dissertation explores two instances where Canadian society has been forced to address the role of the Shari'a in Canada and its interaction with Canadian laws and values. The first involves the debate that took place in Ontario over the last decade concerning the use of Islamic arbitration in family matters. This public debate ultimately led to the rejection of faith-based arbitration in that province, a decision apparently consistent with traditional Canadian attitudes towards multiculturalism. The second area of interaction between Canadian and Islamic law is within the Canadian court system itself. In particular, Canadian judges are occasionally required to grapple with Islamic family law issues when rendering judgments on certain cases that appear before them. This dissertation will examine a number of such cases in order to illustrate how the Shari'a has been addressed by Canadian judges. The overall aim of this work is to situate Islamic law within Canada's liberal framework. It is argued that although Canadians are amenable to certain levels of diversity, values that fall outside mainstream liberalism are not granted recognition. This dissertation will also demonstrate that the failure to legitimize Islamic arbitration represents a lost opportunity that would have broadened the scope of Canadian justice to include minority voices. The decision to reject faith-based arbitration will motivate some Muslims to seek justice from ad-hoc bodies of authority. Devoid of government oversight, these forms of underground Islamic justice may negatively affect certain members of Canada's Muslim community.

No description available.

The purpose of this study was to better understand which components of available information are used by legal professionals when making a child custody recommendation decision in Virginia. / Master of Science

No description available.

Orientador: Elisabete Doria Bilac / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T02:18:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Barnabe_GrazielaCristinaFarinaRamosRibeiro_M.pdf: 3321503 bytes, checksum: 0eaa844895a0b4706e67090db6fbcd16 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Esta dissertação se insere nos estudos sobre famílias e suas transformações demográficas no Estado de São Paulo a partir dos anos 1.980 especialmente no que tange ao aumento do número de divórcios nas famílias dessa região. Seu objetivo geral é analisar as relações existentes entre os processos demográficos e os processos jurídicos envolvidos no referido aumento. Os objetivos específicos são, por um lado, analisar se as mudanças concretas observadas nessas famílias foram acompanhadas pelas mudanças jurídicas através das leis, dos projetos de lei, da doutrina e jurisprudência brasileiras, e, por outro lado, investigar se as mudanças jurídicas facilitaram mudanças concretas, contribuindo, assim, para o aumento do número de divórcios. A pesquisa focaliza, portanto, se o Direito acompanhou ou não tais alterações. A investigação empreendida nessa dissertação é fundamentada pela hipótese de que o Direito, através das referidas leis, pode acompanhar as mudanças sociais no que tange ao aumento do número de divórcios. O trabalho foi desenvolvido a partir da análise quantitativa de dados demográficos e da análise compreensiva da legislação brasileira referente ao divórcio. As fontes de dados demográficas utilizadas foram os Censos Demográficos dos anos 1.980, 1.991, 2.000 e 2.010 e os dados sobre casamentos, separações judiciais e divórcios no período de 1.984 a 2.011 das Estatísticas do Registro Civil obtidos no sistema SIDRA do IBGE. Utilizaram-se, como fontes de dados jurídicas, obras do Direito de Família e literatura sobre a matéria de áreas afins. A partir das análises do material colhido constata-se que no Brasil, nas últimas quatro décadas a partir da Lei do Divórcio, o número de divórcios apresentou tendência de aumento bastante significativa, fenômeno que indica mudanças rápidas na sociedade. Observa-se que a cada época em que ocorrem alterações na legislação sobre divórcio, as suas taxas aumentam (em 2.011, a taxa geral de divórcios ¿ TGD ¿ atingiu o seu maior valor desde o início da série histórica das Estatísticas do Registro Civil, em 1.984). No entanto, as taxas de separação judicial apresentam comportamento contrário, diminuindo significativamente (em 2.011 a taxa geral de separação atingiu o menor índice da série) / Abstract: This dissertation inserts itself in the studies about families and the demographic changes in the state of São Paulo since the eighties especially regarding to the increasing number of divorces in families of this region. Its general purpose is to analyze the relations between Demography and Law with the mentioned increase. The specific objectives are, on the one hand, to analyze if the changes observed in these families were accompanied by the legal changes trough Brazilian laws, bills, doctrine and jurisprudence, and, on the other hand, investigate if the legal changes favored concrete changes, thus contributing to the increasing number of divorces. The research focuses, therefore, on whether or not the Law followed such changes. The investigation undertaken in this dissertation is based on the hypothesis that the Law, through referred laws, may accompany social changes regarding the increasing number of divorces. The work was developed from the quantitative analysis of demographic data and comprehensive analysis of Brazilian law relating to divorce. The demographic data sources used were the Censuses of the years 1.980, 1.991, 2.000 e 2.010 and the data on marriages, legal separations and divorces from 1.984 to 2.011 of the Civil Registry Statistics obtained on IBGE's SIDRA system. Legal data sources, works of Family Law and literature on this subject in related areas were employed. From the analysis of the material collected notes that in Brazil, in the past four decades since the Divorce Law, the number of divorces tended to increase quite significantly, a phenomenon that indicates rapid changes in society. Noteworthy is the fact that every time there are changes in divorce legislation, their rates increase (in 2.011, the general divorce rate ¿ GDR ¿ reached the highest level ever since the start of the series of Civil Registry Statistics, in 1.984). However, the legal separation rates exhibit contrary behavior, significantly decreasing (general legal separation rate reached the series¿ lowest level in 2.011) / Mestrado / Demografia / Mestra em Demografia

This doctoral thesis deals with one of the key institutions of Czech and French family law, divorce. Divorce is not merely a concept from some legal textbook. The specific fate of spouses, and even entire families, are tied up with it. This comparative study of Czech and French divorce law is divided into five main chapters and a statistical excursus. This thesis first discusses the historical and legal developments for ending a marriage, i.e. divorce, in both countries. This is followed by an analysis of the current substantive and procedural aspects of divorce in the Czech Republic. The focus of the work is an analysis of both procedural and substantive reform of divorce law in France and its fundamental differences from Czech divorce. Subsequently, it examines the consequences of divorce, possible future Czech legislation dealing with divorce and the innovations included in the French divorce law. The work ends with a presentation of relevant statistical data. The theoretical analysis of the institute of divorce is accompanied by practical examples of legal cases, current case law, conceptual solutions from specialists in the field of family law, as well as assessments from the author of this thesis.

M.A. (Clinical Psychology) / The primary aim of this study is to investigate the different subsystems involved in a child custody case. By identifying the various patterns of interaction within each subsystem this work attempts to provide the clinical psychologist with a condensed frame of reference for the role of expert witness in cases of this nature. The study focuses therefore on the legal system in South Africa, the family system in the process of divorce as well as models of assessment used by practicing psychologists when giving expert testimony. In investigating the legal system, the study starts off by highlighting the premises from which the law derives its findings - in both constituted laws and judicial precedents. The best interests of the child as overriding standard is traced through various laws and judicial findings. The study then turns to the latest developments following the promulgation of the Mediation in Certain Divorce Matters Act no 24 of 1987. The hesitancy and doubts that prevail among practitioners of the law concerning this Act are noted. the study initially looks at divorce, then moves on to the the children subsystem.

This short dissertation briefly examines the English law statutory provisions and the English judicial approach relating to the clean break principle. A comparison between English law and South African law (in particular s 7 of the Divorce Act 70 of 1979) shows the latter to allow the application of the clean break principle, but rigidity in the legislative wording and further rigidity in the wording by the courts result in the clean break principle not being a dominant feature of South African divorce law. A detailed analysis of South African case law follows in which the fundamental issues relative to the clean break principle are examined, namely the one third rule, universal partnership, misconduct and its effect on court orders, the nature of a contribution and what property is distributed on divorce. Trends in maintenance orders are looked at and how these affect the clean break principle, in particular rehabilitative maintenance and token maintenance wards. / Law / LL.M.

La littérature juridique nous apprend que le divorce, institution fort ancienne permettant de rompre de manière définitive et radicale le lien conjugal, est étroitement lié à l'idéologie dominante et aux fluctuations politiques du pays considéré. La comparaison des législations en matière de divorce, objet de notre étude, permet alors, d'une part, de constater que l'évolution du « droit de divorcer » est marquée par des étapes successives d'interdiction et de rétablissement du divorce aussi bien en France qu'en Corée du Sud. Le principe du « droit de divorcer » une fois admis, cette démarche comparative permet d'autre part, de découvrir que, s'agissant du « droit du divorce », le choix législatif fondamental s'articule autour de deux idées dans les deux systèmes juridiques : diversifier les cas de divorce afin de répondre à la diversité des situations de crise conjugale, et dédramatiser le divorce en incitant les époux à trouver un accord sur les conséquences du divorce. L'approche comparative révèle une fois encore que les règles aboutissent à des solutions souvent proches mais que pour y parvenir, les législateurs respectifs des deux pays ont parfois emprunté des chemins différents / The legal literature let us know that a divorce, very old institution allowing to break the marital relation in a definitive and radical way, is closely linked to the prevailing ideology and political movements of the country. The comparison of legislations in divorce, purpose of our study, allows, on the one hand, to notice the evolution of the “right to divorce” is underlined by successive steps of prohibition of divorce and recovery both in France and in South Korea. The principle of “right to divorce” once accepted, this comparative approach allows on the other hand, to perceive that, regarding “divorce law”, the fundamental legislative choice turns on two ideas in both legal systems : diversify divorce cases to answer the diversity of a marital crisis, and not dramatize divorce encouraging spouses to reach an agreement on the consequences of divorce. The comparative approach reveals once again that the rules often lead to similar solutions but to accomplish goals, sometimes the legislators of the both countries have took different ways