This study explores the potential to increase housing options in the core of Denton, Texas by way of an accessory dwelling unit (ADU) housing type. Literature on ADU development, including state and local laws that enable their development, were reviewed to explore the potential for an ADU initiative in Denton. Case study cities with ADU ordinances, Santa Cruz, CA and El Paso, TX, were reviewed to gather insight on their purpose, process and ordinance. Local multi-family development in downtown Denton was reviewed to document an increase in multi-family development in the core of the city since 2003. City of Denton planning and development policies were reviewed to understand the extent to which ADUs are currently permitted. Finally, based on the literature, case study findings and existing conditions in Denton, this report suggests methods to permit ADUs at a more comprehensive scale. This study concludes with a recommendation to designate the existing infill special purpose district as a boundary to promote comprehensive accessory dwelling unit development within the City of Denton. / text

Introduction: Chronic diseases tend to increase with old age. Older people with chronic disease are commonly suffering from conditions which produce a multiplicity of symptoms and a decreased health-related quality of life. Nurses have a responsibility to prevent, ease or delay a negative outcome through symptom management, or assist in achieving an acceptable level of symptom relief. Aim: The overall aim of the thesis was to describe different aspects of symptom burden from the perspective of community-dwelling people with chronic disease. Methods: This thesis is based upon four papers that used both quantitative and qualitative data to describe different aspects of symptom burden, experienced by people with chronic diseases. Paper (I) is a cross-sectional study with 91 participants diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Papers (II and IV) are based upon secondary outcome data from a randomized controlled trial with 382 community-dwelling older people with multimorbidity. Paper (II) is a cross-sectional study and Paper (IV) has a descriptive and an explorative design reporting on the trajectory of symptom prevalence and symptom burden. Paper (III) is a qualitative study with participants from the AGe-FIT. Results: Among people diagnosed with COPD the most prevalent symptoms with the highest symptom burden scores were shortness of breath, dry mouth, cough, sleep problems, and lack of energy, with just a few differences between participants with moderate and severe airflow limitation (I). For older people with multimorbidity, pain was the symptom with the highest prevalence and burden. Other highly prevalent symptoms were lack of energy and a dry mouth. Poor vision, likelihood of depression, and diagnoses of the digestive system were independently related to the total symptom burden score (II). The symptoms experienced by the older people were persistent and the symptom burden remained high over time (IV). The experience of living with a high symptom burden was described as an endless struggle. The analysis revealed an overall theme, “To adjust and endure” and three sub-themes, “to feel inadequate and limited”, “to feel dependent”, and “to feel dejected” (III). Conclusions: The results of this thesis indicate the importance of early symptom identification. People with chronic diseases have an unmet need for optimized treatment that focuses on the total symptom burden, and not only disease specific symptoms. A large proportion of older people with multimorbidity suffer a high and persistent symptom burden, and the prevalence and trajectory of pain are high. Older people sometimes think their high age is the reason they experience a diversity of symptoms, and they do not always communicate these to their health-care provider.

Through architectural design, this investigation explores a strategy for defining the back alley as a new place of community and dwelling. The study considers ideas to design living spaces that offer amenities in a compact form as well as the creation of meaningful public and private spaces within the context of existing Calgary, Alberta, Canada neighborhoods. This thesis examines and evaluates ideas for the adaptation of patterns of existing communities to allow an increase in density to accommodate a diverse scope of families, life styles, income quintiles and utilization. The focus of the study is on small units of incremental change at a scale which can be undertaken by the individual homeowner or contractor. This study believes that it is in this spectrum that some of the most powerful and effective changes can be made in the urban fabric.

For Walter Benjamin, architecture is the clearest expression of the ‘latent mythology’ that underlies any historical epoch; by engaging with works of modernist architecture in continental Europe during the first half of the twentieth century, my project hopes to reveal the underlying tensions, mythologies, and contradictions that reveal modernity to be a construction both more open and unstable than might first be imagined. Using Benjamin’s work as a background also allows for Surrealist practice to become the dialectical foil to an architecture that is still widely understood as clinical, functionalist and utopic, but whose own paradoxes and uncanny intrusions ultimately reject a teleological and hyper-rationalist modernity. The tension between the profane and the messianic, time and timelessness, is here played out through modernist architecture as the search for the form and nature of dwelling within secular space. This culminates in a study of two of Benjamin’s allegorical characters, the collector and the brooder, who between them embody different modes of response to the conditions of modernity: on the one hand, a redemptive practice centred around creative bricolage and the unmasking of modernity’s ambiguity, on the other, the reactive and melancholic attitude of the brooder, whose private dreams of entering and rescuing the past negate the critical potential of romanticism – of the modernist architects and their project to build a meaningful world.

This thesis considers the links between identity and landscape in key works by American artist Roni Horn, focusing on a selection of her photo-installations and books. In particular it argues that Horn approaches landscape as a performative category through which to address the performativity of identity, and that in doing so her work privileges the viewer as an embodied participant. Drawing on a feminist approach grounded in phenomenology, the thesis locates androgyny as a key structuring principle in the artist’s work. Identifying herself as neither male nor female, Horn employs the notion of in-between-ness to negotiate gender binaries of male/female and to describe the indeterminate and contingent nature of androgynous being. Importantly, the thesis argues that Horn addresses these issues of identity by staging experiences in her work that invite the viewer to perform the very processes by which identity is defined and played out. This strategy is examined through concepts of doubling, the sublime, horizons and dwelling, each of which in their own way involve a sense of orientation and disorientation that gestures toward the in-between-ness of androgyny. The thesis also considers the tensions between visuality and embodiment in Horn’s work. Her use of photographic images within an installation practice is one that establishes a complex set of relations between the opticality of the photograph and the actuality of ‘real’ space. It is argued that the experiential potential of Horn’s photo-installations and books is only realised through the dialectical relation between visuality and embodiment in which both are equally privileged. / Full thesis with illustrations can be requested via Inter-Library Loan.

New Urbanism is nearly three decades old, yet it continues to be something of an enigma, inciting controversy and discussion nearly every time it is implemented. This thesis discusses New Urbanism in the context of its reaction to Modernism, and makes explicit its underlying theoretical orientations. Its continued value as a placemaking movement will be illustrated using Heidegger’s Dwelling as the basis for making judgments about the quality and success of placemaking efforts. The fieldwork demonstrating these principles was conducted in the Diana Krall Plaza, a public space in Nanaimo, BC, enacted using certain New Urbanist principles. An aesthetic-phenomenological approach to place based on the synergy of aesthetic and existential concerns was developed to structure the fieldwork, and interpret the resulting data. This approach provided meaningful insights into the subjects embodied experiences and demonstrated value as a means of public consultation and theoretical framework for discussing placemaking and New Urbanism. / Graduate / 0366 / 0999 / julian.bakker@gmail.com

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Orientador: Roberto Alcarria do Nascimento / Banca: Marizilda dos Santos Menezes / Banca: Marcelo Cláudio Tramontano / Resumo: Diante das transformações comportamentais e tecnológicas que afetam a sociedade e alteram os parâmetros de espaço e tempo, propomos aqui uma lente de aumento neste contexto. O foco são as relações entre a moradia, mobiliário e profissional autônomo - arquiteto, engenheiro e designer - que utilizam a casa como local de trabalho. Entender os ambientes de moradia e trabalho e a utilização do mobiliário nesses espaços tornou-se necessário para identificar semelhanças do passado com a atualidade. A análise de fatores que hoje contribuem para a consolidação do trabalho na residência, revela as perdas e os ganhos que o profissional sofre em seu cotidiano com a família, o trabalho e a qualidade de vida. O olhar do usuário para essas questões e para o objeto estudado, que é a "estação de trabalho intelectual ligada a atividades de projeto" nos revela o quão o objeto utilizado está distanciado das necessidades reais do usuário. Trata-se, portanto, de aproximar e esclarecer os pontos falhos dessa relação e propor reflexões, conceitos e diretrizes projetuais para estação de trabalho residencial, adequando-as às necessidades do usuário. / Abstract: Facing the behavior and technological transformation which affect the society and change the parameters of space and time, this paper proposes to focus the relation among dwelling, furniture and self-employed - architects, engineers and designers - who use their houses as a place to work. Understanding the environment where one lives and works, as well as the use of furniture in these spaces, have become important to identify similarities between the past to the present. The analysis of factors that lead us today to the consolidated practice of working at home reveals the losses and gains faced by profissional in his family and work daily routine and life quality. The way the user sees such issues and the object of this study - that is, home office related to design activities - do not reveal how far home office is from the user's real necessities. Therefore, the aim is to approach to end clarify the failures in this relation and to raise reflection, concepts and design guidelines for home office, adjusting them into the user's real necessities. / Mestre

Cette étude examine la relation entre les habitants et le territoire en trois territoires brésiliens, selon l'approche française de l'économie territoriale. On cherche à identifier les traits principaux de l'« habitant » dans ces territoires, comprendre comment l'habitant articule la vie familiale et le travail dans le territoire et analyser les effets de l'action de l'habitant sur le processus de développement territorial. En ayant pour base le cadre théorique, on a identifié six concepts clés qui contribuent ils pour l'analyse de l'habitant : territoire, proximité, ressources territoriales, mode d'habiter, réciprocité et quotidien. En utilisant cet ensemble théorique on a mis en place un « idéal-type » - théorique - d'habitant qui sert de paramètre pour l'analyse et l'interprétation des données. Comme nouveauté, la recherche propose le concept d'« engagement territorial » qui reflète le positionnement de l'habitant (niveau d'implication) face au territoire. L'engagement territorial peut être de type instrumental, normatif ou affectif. Ainsi, l'habitant est analysé en fonction de sa relation avec le territoire, entendu comme le mode d'habiter et non comme une catégorie prédéterminée, sociale, économique ou professionnelle. Il s'agit d'une étude qualitative exploratoire qui utilise l'étude de cas (plusieurs cas) comme stratégie de recherche, en ayant l'habitant comme unité d'analyse. La méthode d'analyse de contenu a été utilisée pour l'analyse des entretiens menés avec les acteurs locaux. Comme résultat, l'étude souligne la complexité des relations sociales, économiques, politiques et culturelles dans chaque territoire étudié et l'importance de comprendre les trajectoires sociale et historique de la vie locales pour faire la lecture et l'interprétation du territoire. L'étude renforce l'importance de l'habitant comme acteur social qui fait la (re)production de la réalité locale (les règles de jeu) dans son mode d'habiter (dans la vie familiale et le travail). On a identifié aussi la porosité du territoire par rapport à mobilité humaine sur le territoire (comme les touristes par exemple), en affectant la vie local. Finalement, on souligne le caractère éphémère (moment territoire) et la multiplicité du mode d'habiter (multiterritorialité), ce qui différencie l'habitant d'un espace et celui d'un autre selon la relation qu'il établit avec le territoire. / This study investigates the relationship between the inhabitant and the territory concepts in three Brazilian territories, according the French approach to the foundations of the territorial economy. We seek to identify the main features of the inhabitant in its respective territories, in order to understand how this “territorialized” social actor articulates work and home life in the territory, and to analyze the impacts of his/her actions in the local territorial development process. The inhabitant concept is based on a six elements theoretical framework from the literature review: territory, proximity, territorial resources, everyday life, reciprocity and mode of dwelling. Then, a categorization of an “ideal type” of inhabitant was constructed used as parameter for the data analysis and interpretations to identify the main features of the inhabitant in each context. As an innovative aspect, the research proposes the concept of “territorial engagement”, that reflects the type of relationship between the inhabitant and the territory, which can be instrumental, normative or affective. Therefore, the inhabitant is analyzed on the basis of their relationship with the territory, in other words, mode of dwelling, rather than a social, economic or professional predefined category. This is an exploratory qualitative research which uses the case study (multiple cases) as research strategy, and the inhabitant, as the unit of analysis. The content analysis technique was used for the analysis of the interviews with the local actors. The study points to the complexity of social, economic, political and cultural relationships in each territory and the importance of their socio-historical trajectory for understanding each one. The results show the importance of the inhabitant as a social actor who reinforces local life (game rules) in your mode of dwelling. We also realized the territories porosity face the changes due to human mobility (as the tourists presence, for example) impacting in the inhabitants life. Finally, it was possible identify the ephemeral feature (territory moment) and the multiplicity (multiterritoriality ) of the modes of dwelling, which differentiates the inhabitant of one place to another according the relationship established with the territory.

Since post-war reconstruction, Beirut has been experiencing a building boom, which spreadrapidly outward from the city's historic and war-torn centre to the rest of the Lebanese capital. In the process, old houses and buildings have been systematically demolished to make space forlarge towers, excluding much of the urban population. State policies and market forcesconverge to make real estate a pillar of the neoliberal economy, while offering no housing,social or economic policies to redress its gentrifying effects. This thesis scopes the conditions thatproduce decayed residences since the mid-1990s. It asks: What have these circumstancesprompted urban dwellers to do with their houses in decay? How are dwellers in differentpositions of entitlement to property differently enabled to respond to decay and impendingrenewal, in the quest for continued dwelling in the city? What sentiments and strategiesemerge from this interplay? And how have social relationships and notions of dwelling, and ofdecay been reconfigured in the process? From fieldwork among downwardly mobile tenantsand landowners, urban practitioners and a cultural collective in neighbourhoods where urbanrenewal is approaching, I propose, "institutionalised neglect" as a concept to capture thecircumstances that expedite the decay of old houses. I argue that this neglect keeps landavailable for real estate profit making while making urban renewal inevitable. In chaptersthat deal with inheritance, eviction, material decay, nostalgia and the exceptional conditionsof a commoning experiment, I reveal that dwellers' sensibilities are oriented towards prolongeddwelling close to the city centre, whether by endurance of the neoliberal building regime orattempts to extract gains from its straining conditions.