Produced by the Johnson City GIS Division on July 25, 1997, this map denotes the streets of Johnson City. The legend includes fire stations, neighborhoods, and schools. A city street index is also included. The map was designed by Gregory Plumb, GIS Coordinator and Ann Howland, GIS Database Manager. Physical copy resides with Johnson City, Geographic Information Systems Division. Scale - 1:24,000 1" = .4 mile / https://dc.etsu.edu/rare-maps/1063/thumbnail.jpg

Produced by the Johnson City GIS Division on April 23, 1998, this map denotes the streets of Johnson City. The legend includes fire stations, neighborhoods, and schools. A city street index is also included. The map was designed by Gregory Plumb, GIS Coordinator and Ann Howland, GIS Database Specialist. Physical copy resides with Johnson City, Geographic Information Systems Division. Scale - 1:24,000 - 1" = .4 mile / https://dc.etsu.edu/rare-maps/1064/thumbnail.jpg

Produced by the Johnson City GIS Division on December 17, 2014, this map denotes the streets of Johnson City. The legend includes fire stations, hospitals, city parks, and schools. A city street index is also included along the left side edge. Physical copy resides with Johnson City, Geographic Information Systems Division. Scale - 1" = 2000' / https://dc.etsu.edu/rare-maps/1065/thumbnail.jpg

General highway map for Washington County, Tennessee revised January 1976 by Johnson City GIS in collaboration with the Tennessee State Planning Office. Major roads, highways and communities are included on the map. The Johnson City and Jonesborough city limits are denoted in yellow. Small communities are highlighted in purple. Highways are denoted in red. Physical copy resides with Johnson City, Geographic Information Systems Division. Scale - 2" = 3 miles / https://dc.etsu.edu/rare-maps/1066/thumbnail.jpg

General highway map for Washington County, Tennessee created December 12, 2002 by Johnson City GIS. Place/neighborhood names are located along the bottom right corner. A transportation key denoting types of highways and railroads can be found on the lower portion of the map. A county road index is included along the left edge. Physical copy resides with Johnson City, Geographic Information Systems Division. Scale - 1" = 4000' / https://dc.etsu.edu/rare-maps/1068/thumbnail.jpg

The diploma thesis deals with the identification and analysis of misconceptions that are formed when the ninth grade pupils work with thematic maps of quantitative mapping methods, specifically with the choropleth map and proportional symbol map. The theoretical introduction defines the tested mapping methods, reviews previous foreign and Czech studies of map skills, and describes misconceptions that are formed both in cartography in general and specifically when working with thematic maps of quantitative mapping methods. The theoretical part is followed by the practical part - the research methodology and the design of an open conceptual test itself. The test is compiled according to the concept map, which was based on the literature review of previous empirical studies and theoretical publications. From the conceptual map eight propositions (statements) that are key to understanding the concept of choropleth map and proportional symbol map were determined based on an expert evaluation. The conceptual test was used to reveal misconceptions that are formed when working with these mapping methods. A total of 257 pupils from eight primary schools across Czechia took part in the testing and a total of 59 misconceptions of varying severity and frequency were revealed. These misconceptions were then...

Web maps are today used more than ever. These are often displayed in geographical information system solutions. Web maps are often constructed in the terms of different layers where the bottom-most layer is called base map or background map. A specific kind of base maps are those that are the canvas for utility networks. These base maps can look vastly different from each other. Sometimes the base map can be overlooked. Currently there are different theories and opinions on how these base maps shall be designed and what information they shall contain. This thesis investigates a suitable base map design for utility network management and also creates some prototypes as a proof of concept. The thesis focus mostly on three factors, colour, information visualisation and symbology. This is investigated by using a user-centred design approach and comparing it to existing findings in literature and among map theories. The user-centred design process involves a case study performed with participants that work with utility networks in web map solutions. The research method is an iterative process where the participants are answering three quantitative surveys. The surveys includes prototypes which is refined for each step after analysing the participants answers. The thesis concludes that low saturated colours is good practise to enhance the network, this is both evident in literature as well as in the case study. Amount of lightness in the base map seem to be more of a opinionated matter and can highly differentiate depending on users device. Using hue is recommended to make borders between map elements more distinct. The base map shall only obtain the most relevant information and more specific information is recommended to be added through additional layers. Further studies need to be done in order to investigate the networks design and there is also a need to investigate how a map solution with several layers shall be design and how the relationships between those layers shall be constructed for utility network management

Le cœur est un organe central au fonctionnement du système cardiovasculaire. Il est physiologiquement compartimenté et est constitué de cellules spécialisées qui régulent les impulsions électriques ainsi que la contraction du myocarde. Le cœur adapte le flux sanguin en fonction des besoins du corps. En condition pathologique, le cœur recourt toutefois à des mécanismes compensatoires. Au niveau physiologique, la compensation s’observe par l’hypertrophie des cardiomyocytes qui, bien que bénéfique à court terme, exacerbe à long terme la fonction cardiaque. L’activation des « mitogen activated protein kinases » (MAPK) contribue autant au maintien de la fonction physiologique qu’à la détérioration pathologique du myocarde et serait également une cause de l’hypertrophie observée. Parmi les 5 groupes de MAPK connues, la MAPK p38 est formée de 4 isoformes dont les sérine/thréonine kinases p38α et p38γ sont exprimées de façon prédominante dans le cœur. Les p38 partagent les mêmes activateurs, mais leurs effecteurs diffèrent. Bien que le rôle de p38α semble impliqué dans l’aggravement des troubles cardiaques, celui de p38γ ne semble pas redondant à p38α et demeure incompris. Cette isoforme possède un motif de liaison aux domaines PDZ, unique chez les MAP kinases. Également, chez les cellules cardiaques, elle transloque au noyau en condition de stress. Le but de l’étude ici est de comprendre le rôle de p38γ et de ses motifs uniques sur la structure et la taille des cardiomyocytes. Afin de répondre au but de l’étude, plusieurs mutants adénoviraux de p38 ont été conçus. Un des mutants ne possède pas le motif de liaison aux domaines PDZ, deux autres contrôlent la localisation cellulaire soit au noyau, soit au cytoplasme, et un autre mutant est muté au site de phosphorylation. Des cardiomyocytes en culture ont été infectés par les différents mutants en présence de leur activateur en amont ou de la β-galactosidase. Les réseaux d’α-actinine, ainsi que la taille des cardiomyocytes, ont été observés par microscopie. Les observations effectuées montrent que p38γ entraîne une désorganisation des réseaux d’α-actinine lorsqu’il est phosphorylé. Également, il facilite l’hypertrophie des cardiomyocytes en présence de son activateur s’il est forcé hors du noyau ou en l’absence de son motif de liaison aux domaines PDZ. En conclusion, les résultats obtenus suggèrent que p38γ exerce bel et bien un rôle dans le maintien structural des cardiomyocytes par l’intermédiaire de l’α-actinine.

Energy consumption is on a permanent rise and it is becoming increasingly concentrated in cities. Hence, cities have to work on saving energy and being more efficient by finding sources with great potential to produce their own energy and implanting the correct policies. Photovoltaics is the renewable energy technology with the higher potential in the urban context and Sweden is highly committed on its investment since it is the less developed renewable source in the country. The aim of the thesis is to compare two methodologies and determine which one is better or gives more relevant information for this kind of studies in order to evaluate how good a solar map is. For doing this, the first step is to create a solar map to have a general idea about the solar potential and to know which roofs are more suitable to install PV systems. This is made with LiDAR data using ArcGIS and SEES software. After that, another study on the quantity of solar power that could be obtained from those roofs will be performed using PVsyst, where it is possible to develop an entire PV system installation and obtain more exhaust results on energy production and shadowing. Four buildings are going to be evaluated, two public ones located in Gävle city centre (Library and Concert House) and two residential ones located in Sätra. Factors such as the optimal tilt, the best azimuth angle and the distance between panel rows are dimensioned in order to reduce shading loss and improve the performance ratio of the system in PVsyst. The final system is defined with 10° tilt, south orientation (0° azimuth), 1.5meters distance between rows and modules in strings of 9 panels connected in series for the four buildings. The simulated production from the best alternative is compared with the solar map results. Since the solar map contains information about total yearly irradiation, the energy production is obtained by means of visual exploration of the results combined with simple calculations that include GCR and system efficiency. The results show that a solar map is a reliable tool to obtain a general estimation of the solar potential in buildings but it is necessary to first identify its limitations and be able to filter the results. On the other hand, PVsyst software allows making several simulations and eases to obtain a PV system in a building or structure with detailed results of the system components. It can be concluded that since the PVsyst only allows to work with specific buildings or structures, a solar map permits big amounts of data calculations. It can be said that a solar map takes part in the process of obtaining a pre-project and the PVsyst is used in the project when a real installation is sized. Nevertheless, both methods are found to be reliable and suitable for solar potential assessment works since the results obtained match.

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