Quando pensamos no Hades, o mundo dos mortos grego, duas divindades femininas logo nos vêm à mente: Perséfone, sua rainha, e Hécate, deusa da magia. Essas são as imagens que temos, contemporaneamente, dessas deusas, sobretudo por influência romana e, posteriormente, shakespeariana. No entanto, podemos afirmar que essas foram sempre as imagens associadas às duas deusas? O objetivo deste trabalho foi, portanto, investigar a representação das deusas Perséfone e Hécate na poesia do período arcaico (VIII-V a.C.) com maior enfoque no Hino Homérico a Deméter e na poesia de Hesíodo, mas também passando por outros autores e gêneros poéticos, bem como traçando paralelos com as esferas iconográfica e cultual , de forma a resgatar a figuração primordial e a importância dessas divindades no mundo grego arcaico. / When we think about the Hades, the Greek underworld, two female divinities soon come to mind: Persephone, its queen, and Hecate, goddess of magic. These are the images we associate with them, contemporarily, especially due to Roman, but later, to Shakespearian influence. However, can we affirm with certainty that these were always the images associated with the two goddesses? The aim of this study was, therefore, to investigate the representation of Persephone and Hecate in the poetry of the archaic period (8th-5th century B.C.) focusing more closely on the Homeric Hymn to Demeter and on Hesiods poetry, but also going through other poets and genres, as well as establishing paralells with the iconographic and cultual spheres , so as to rediscover the primordial figuration and importance of these goddesses in the archaic Greek world.

Le Dictionnaire des hapax dans la poésie grecque archaïque, d'Homère à Eschyle vise à inventorier les hapax absolus (mots uniques) de la poésie archaïque. Chaque entrée du dictionnaire offre une traduction du lemme, son analyse morphologique et lexicale ainsi que sa situation en contexte, pour expliquer son sémantisme et son étiologie. Des remarques métriques viennent compléter ces explications. Ce dictionnaire peut servir de référence ouverte à tous ceux qui s’intéressent à la création lexicale de près ou de loin, à la fois pour des travaux stylistiques et métriques, mais aussi des travaux de traduction, de papyrologie ou d’épigraphie. Il représente un outil précieux pour favoriser la recherche sur la création lexicale pour tous les linguistes. Il peut être utile aux spécialistes de littérature dans toutes les langues car il constitue une base de travail pour une véritable réflexion sur la création poétique. Un volume de commentaire au dictionnaire, Hapax legomena dans la poésie archaïque, offre une définition précise et une réflexion sur la notion d’hapax absolu, une analyse des caractéristiques majeures de la création deshapax chez les auteurs archaïques, un inventaire thématique des principaux morphèmes préfixaux et suffixaux mais aussi des lexèmes les plus récurrents en composition. Enfin, la question de la réception des hapax en synchronie, par les spectateurs ou auditeurs anciens mais aussi par les scholiastes et lexicographes, comme en diachronie, à cause des difficultés d’interprétation de certaines leçons dans les manuscrits, est traitée. / The Dictionary of hapax legomena in early Greek poetry, from Homer to Aeschylus, aims to inventory the absolute hapax unique words) in archaic poetry. Each entry in the dictionary offers a translation of the lemma, its morphological and lexical analysis as well as its situation in context, to explain its semantics and etiology. Metric remarks complete these explanations. This dictionary can serve as an open reference for all those interested in lexical creation from near and far, both for stylistic and metrical work, but also works of translation, papyrology or epigraphy. It is a valuable tool for promoting lexical creation research for all linguists. It can be useful to literary specialists in all languages as it provides a basis for a real reflection on poetic creation. A volume of commentary on the dictionary, Hapax legomena in early poetry, offers a precise definition and a reflection about the notion of absolute hapax, an analysis of the major features of hapax creation in archaic authors, a thematic inventory of the main prefix and suffixal morphemes, but also the most recurrent lexemes in composition. Finally, the question of the reception of the hapax is treated, first in synchrony, by the spectators or listeners but also by scholiasts and lexicographers, then in diachronic, because of the difficulties of interpretation of some lessons in the manuscripts.