<p> The igneous rocks of the Killarney Complex, Killarney, Ontario exhibit numerous echelon fracture sets near their contact with mylonites of the Grenville Front. The echelon fracture sets are younger than the Grenville Front mylonites and are therefore part of the late brittle history of the Grenville Province. These fracture sets are confined to a small (5 km2) area but display a wide range of orientations and morphologies. They can be divided into four peak orientations and these can be compared with inferred stress states for several periods in the tectonic history of the Grenville Province from 1200 Ma to the present. Based on these orientations and other observations it is suggested that the echelon fracture sets formed over a period of time spanning the end of the Grenvillian Orogeny 1000 Ma) to the beginning of Ottawa-Nippissing rifting (post 575 Ma). </p> <p> Measurement of the geometrical characteristics of the echelon fracture sets and comparison with those quoted in the literature has led to the conclusion that the geometry of an echelon fracture set does not unequivocally indicate its origin or mode of formation. </p> <p> Current models using fracture-zone angle and overlap ratio for the classification of echelon fracture sets seem to be unapplicable to the echelon fracture sets examined in this study and must be used with caution. The echelon fracture sets studied here are interpreted to have formed in "shear zones" and to consist of dominantly tensile fractures. Some of the fractures have originated as shear fractures or have undergone shearing at some point in their history. </p> / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)

In an e-retailing setting, the efficient utilization of inventory, storage space, and labor is paramount to achieving high levels of customer service and company profits. To optimize the storage space and labor, a retailer will split the warehouse into two storage regions with different densities. One region is for picking customer orders and the other to hold reserve stock. As a consequence, the inventory system for the warehouse is a multi-item two-stage, serial system. We investigate the problem when demand is stochastic and the objective is to minimize the total expected average cost under some space constraints. We generate an approximate formulation and solution procedure for a periodic review, nested ordering policy, and provide managerial insights on the trade-offs. In addition, we extend the formulation to account for shipping delays and advanced order information. / Singapore-MIT Alliance (SMA)

Sammansättningen i svenska börsnoterade bolags ledningsgrupper består till stor del av medelålders män med svensk härkomst. Mångfalden i dagens Sverige återspeglas därmed inte i näringslivets topp, vilket kan leda till negativa konsekvenser för både företag och samhället i stort. Med hjälp av en välkänd teori inom den strategiska forskningen, the upper echelon theory, och tidigare forskning inom området ämnar vi förklara samband mellan risknivån i företag och ledningsgruppens sammansättning i form av ålder och kön. Vi har genomfört en kvantitativ studie där vi samlat in data om 1991 ledningsgrupper, vilka tillsammans omfattar nästan 14 000 observerade ledande befattningshavare. Den statistiska undersökningen har resulterat i att samband har anträffats mellan risken i företaget och ledningsgruppens sammansättning avseende både kön och ålder. Vi har dessutom funnit att branschen har en viss påverkan på vilka personer som ingår i ledningsgruppen.

The Great Gossan Lead is a Ne-Sw trending belt of sulfide mineralization extending over 28 kilometers through Carroll and Grayson Counties in southwestern Virginia. The zone, which occurs in the metamorphic Late Precambrian Ashe formation, consists of a series of an echelon mineralized pods which pinch and swell irregularly along strike and are essentially concordant with the foliation. Ore mineralogy is dominated by hexagonal pyrrhotite with minor amounts of sphalerite and chalcopyrite. All other phases--galena, arsenopyrite, pyrite, cubanite, mackinawite, tetrahedrite, stannite, and native bismuth--are disseminated throughout the ores. Pyrite is locally common as corroded primary euhedrae in some are bodies. Sphalerite occurs as disseminated anhedral aggregates commonly containing oriented lamellae and blebs of chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite. Chalcopyrite and galena occur as disseminated grains and as veinlets squeezed into fractured gangue minerals. A strongly developed metamorphic fabric, the absence of mineral zoning, and the presence of a zone of iron depletion surrounding the ores indicate that the ores and host rocks have been subject to the same metamorphism. At a thermal maximum of 4l5-455°C, the ore assemblage would have developed a sulfur activity of approximately 10-9 to 10-7 atm. and would have been subject to an oxygen activity of about 10 -25 to 10 -27 atm. The Great Gossan Lead is interpreted to have formed either as synsedimentary deposits or massive pyritic volcanism. Later metamorphism to the epidote-amphibolite facies and subsequent deformation roduced the present mineral assemblage and deformation features. / Master of Science

Introduktion Den 1 december 2016 trädde en ändring av årsredovisningslagen (ÅRL, SFS 1995:1554) i kraft vilken innebär att stora företag ska upprätta en hållbarhetsredovisning från och med räkenskapsår efter den 31 december 2016. Påtagliga brister har uppmärksammats i hållbarhetsrapporternas innehåll efter utredningar av det första rapporteringsåret 2017, trots försöket att öka öppenheten. Flera studier har undersökt hållbarhetschefens effekt på hållbarhetsarbetet, däremot har få studier fokuserat på huruvida hållbarhetschefers egenskaper och roller påverkar innehållet och mängden redovisning i hållbarhetsrapporterna. Syfte Syftet är att förklara hur hållbarhetschefers olika egenskaper och roller påverkar innehåll och mängd i svenska noterade företags hållbarhetsrapporter. Metod En kvantitativ tvärsnittsstudie har genomförts på svenska noterade bolag med en anställd hållbarhetschef. Studien utgår från en deduktiv ansats där hypoteser formulerades med hjälp av Upper Echelon Theory, legitimitetsteori, institutionell teori samt tidigare studier. Datainsamlingen har samlats in genom en dokumentsstudie. Mängden operationaliserades till antal sidor och hållbarhetsrapporternas innehåll med hjälp av en checklista, där elva indikatorer från Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) användes för att bedöma innehållet. Slutsats Studien hittade ett signifikant samband att företag med hållbarhetschefer som suttit en längre tid på posten påverkar innehållet positivt i hållbarhetsrapporterna. Ett signifikant negativt samband hittades även mellan hållbarhetschefer med annat ansvar och innehållet i hållbarhetsrapporterna, det vill säga att innehållet påverkas negativt av att hållbarhetschefen har ett annat ansvar (HR, kommunikation eller marknad) utöver hållbarhet. Om hållbarhetschefen sitter i ledningen finner denna studie inget samband med att innehållet blir bättre i hållbarhetsrapporterna. Resultatet visade att hållbarhetschefers egenskaper och roller inte påverkar mängden redovisning i hållbarhetsrapporterna. / Introduction On December 1st 2016, the Swedish regulation regarding mandatory sustainability reporting was legislated for large companies, starting with financial years after December 31st 2016. The legislation is the first step for companies to be more transparent towards the society. Despite the initiatives, investigations have shown deficiencies in the content of the sustainability reports in the first reporting period. Earlier studies have focused on how sustainability managers affect the sustainability activities. However, only a few studies have focused on how the sustainability managers characteristics and roles affect the number of pages and the content of the sustainability reports.      Aim The aim is to explain how sustainability managers’ characteristics and roles affect the content and number of pages ofSwedish listed companies’ sustainability reports.   Method This study has a quantitative approach with a cross-cultural design and focused on Swedish listed companies with an employed sustainability manager. A deductive approach was used to formulate hypothesis from Upper Echelon Theory, legitimacy theory, institutional theory and earlier studies. This study used archival data in order to collect information about the variables. The variable content was operationalized through a checklist method where eleven GRI-indicators was used to determine the content of the sustainability report.  Conclusion If a sustainability manager has held the position for a longer time, it positively influences the content of the sustainability reports. Furthermore, if the sustainability manager has another responsibility than sustainability issues (HR, communication or marketing) it negatively influences the content of the sustainability reports. If the sustainability manager is a part of the management team, this study finds that it has no effect on the content in the sustainability reports. Sustainability managers’ characteristics and roles does not affect the number of pages in the sustainability report.

Det finns mycket forskning kring entreprenörskap samt rekrytering, dock är soloföretagarens upplevelse av sin första rekrytering ett outforskat område. Genom en kvalitativ forskningsmetod vill vi få en ökad förståelse för hur en soloföretagare upplever hinder och möjligheter när de tar sitt beslut om att bli arbetsgivare. Vi har fått en ökad förståelse genom att vi har genomfört en fokusgrupp samt fyra semistrukturerade intervjuer. De fick själva lyfta fram sina egna erfarenheter samt perspektiv på hur anställningen upplevdes. Vi har i denna studie valt att utgå från två dimensioner kön och ålder då vi har generella uppfattningar om att det kan skilja sig åt mellan dem. Studiens entreprenörer har yttrat sig om att de upplevt både hinder och möjligheter i samband med sin första rekrytering. Ytterligare har vi även en generell uppfattning om att anställa är ett mer riskfyllt beslut i jämförelse med att hyra in sina medarbetare. Studien visade dock att vår generella uppfattning endast stämde överens med två av våra entreprenörer.

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness & influence of paternalistic leadership on top management team. Finally, we want to understand which element of the paternalistic leadership has effective influence on echelon team effectiveness. And the adaptability of paternalistic leadership model on echelon team leading. This study is according to 840 effective cases from 120 echelon teams belong to primary schools in the country, installed 6 team members completely. It is adopted SPSS FOR WINDOWS as the tool for sampling data in descriptive statistic and examination the correlated coefficient Cronbach¡¦s £\ of all variables. Relativity analysis is used to analyze the relationship among all variables. Block regression analysis is used to examine the predictability of team effectiveness in each element of paternalistic leadership and the paternalistic leadership model. The results are present in below. 1. The elements, benevolence and moral, have significantly positive prediction on echelon team effectiveness, including team performance, team commitment, team cooperation & leading satisfaction . 2. The authoritarianism has significantly negative expectation on echelon team effectiveness excluding team performance. 3. The paternalistic leadership model has significantly prediction on echelon team effectiveness. 4. In paternalistic leadership model, authoritarianism hasn¡¦t negative reaction on team performance & team commitment. Keywords: team leadership, paternalistic leadership, echelon team, team effectiveness

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This paper examines the association between individual managers and corporate reporting and operating decisions. To examine this question, I develop a dataset of 241 individual CEOs and CFOs, as well as audit committee chairs, covering the period of 1988 to 2009. Although audit committee chairs are tasked with monitoring insiders and not actually preparing the financial results, research suggests that each of these management groups could exert their individual "styles" on the reporting and operating decisions. Using this dataset, I find that each of these groups significantly influence accounting- and non-accounting-based corporate decisions. Also, I examine whether the influence of these individuals is impacted by characteristics of the corporation's operating environment. Using individual proxies for managerial discretion and job demands, as well as developing index measures for each of these constructs, I find that the influence of these particular managers is not impacted by the amount of discretion they have or their perceived job demands. Last, I find evidence that observable demographic measures explain some of the managers' decisions. These results add to the literature concerning the importance of individual managers to corporate decisions because they suggest that managers besides the CFO can significantly influence reporting and operating decisions, and the influence of these managers extends beyond accrual-based techniques to include real activities management decisions.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2004. / Supervisor: John Lacy. Vita. Includes bibliographical references. Also available from UMI.