München, Phil. Diss. v. 29. Febr. 1912, Ref. Rehm, Crusius. / Auch als : Rhetor. Studien. H. 1. [Geb. 18. März 85 Grafertshofen ; Wohnort : Landshut ; Staatsangeh. : Bayern ; Vorbildung : G. Dillingen a. D. Reife 04 ; Studium : München 8 S. ; Rig. 29. Febr. 12.].

Thesis advisor: Philip E. Strahan / In my first essay, I explain the rise of transferable managerial skills in the CEO market. I show that growing competition in the product markets is a key factor driving the increased importance of CEOs’ transferable managerial skills, specifically industry-transferable skills. To rule out the endogeneity of CEO-firm matching, I exploit the exogenous shocks of the Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement (FTA) of 1989 and the deregulatory policy in the 1990s. I show that CEOs with these skills outperform in competitive markets and are a good match for firms’ innovation-based competition strategy. In my second essay, we explain why firms in the same board-interlock networks tend to have similar corporate governance practices. Specifically, we utilize a novel instrument based on staggered adoptions of universal demand laws across states to identify causal peer effects in firms’ decisions to adopt various governance provisions. We find that a firm’s propensity to adopt these provisions increases after other firms in the same board interlock network choose to adopt similar policies. The impact of universal demand laws on the incentives faced by directors as they seek to maximize their career outcomes is a likely mechanism explaining these effects. In my third essay, I identify the effects of the gender of CEOs’ offspring on corporate performance. First, acquisitions, debt and equity offerings made by CEOs with more daughters are better received by the market. Second, CEOs with more daughters are less likely to overpay the targets, and better use newly raised capital. Third, CEOs’ daughter(s) decrease(s) corporate litigation risk. In sum, the gender of a child is arguably a random and natural experiment, which shows a clear effect on CEOs’ behavior. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2017. / Submitted to: Boston College. Carroll School of Management. / Discipline: Finance.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1980. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 169-175).

Yes / We integrate the institutional perspective with research on the governance role of private equity firms in an investigation of Founder-CEO successions in Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) in emerging markets. Using a unique, hand-collected and comprehensive sample of 191 firms having undertaken IPOs in 21 markets across the African continent between January 2000 and August 2016, we apply instrumental variable (IV) Probit methodology and find that higher levels of private equity ownership are positively associated with the probability of the founder's retention as CEO, especially in the context of low-quality formal institutions. Further, in societies with high tribalism, higher private equity ownership is associated with an increased likelihood of founder retention. Voids in the institutional architecture underscore the importance of the founder as a key organizational resource for the firm and a source of institutionalized legitimacy, which in turn confers on the firm an ability to access required resources.

ABSTRACT HOSPITALS WITH PHYSICIAN CEOS: AN INSTITUTIONAL THEORY PERSPECTIVE By: Jeremy S. Zoch, Ph.D. A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Health Related Sciences at Virginia Commonwealth University. Virginia Commonwealth University, 2011 Major Director: Kenneth R. White, Ph.D. Professor Department of Health Administration The complexities of the healthcare industry at the beginning of the 21st century continue to challenge hospitals to optimize their operations. A key leadership position in the overall success of a hospital is the role of the Chief Executive Officer. The purpose of this study was to determine the kind of leader that hospitals have in place and to analyze more closely those specific organizations that have physician CEOs. This study had three distinct objectives. The first was to describe the organizational variables for American Hospital Association (AHA) hospitals with CEOs who are physicians. The second objective was to analyze the organizational and market characteristics of hospitals with physician CEOs. The final objective was to examine the similarities and differences between hospitals that have a CEO who is a physician and those headed by a CEO who is not a physician. Institutional theory was utilized to form a theoretical model and to develop the relevant hypotheses. The study was a retrospective, cross-sectional study of over 5600 American Hospital Association (AHA) short-term, acute care hospitals located in the United States. Data sources utilized were the AHA’s Annual Survey of Hospitals, the Area Resource File, Centers for Medicaid and Medicare Services, HealthLeaders-Interstudy, and SK&A from 2007-2008. There were 118 hospitals out of 5,671 with a physician CEO in 2008. The descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that although hospitals with physician CEOs are located in many different locations and types of hospitals, they are some attributes that indicate a greater likelihood. Hospitals with physician CEOs are most prevalent in the northeast. The multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed there is a greater likelihood that hospitals with physician CEOs are more likely to be larger, specialty, not-for-profit and non-church operated, teaching, and be in a market with higher physicians per capita. The study also found that there wasn’t more likelihood for a hospital to have a physician CEO when comparing with US News top hospitals, based on affluence of a market, based on the competition in the market, or the managed care penetration. The study identified several of the components and how they positively relate to the institutional theory model that was developed. The study also identified several limitations that could further be improved using additional research approaches and obtaining more data. Overall, the study has furthered the information available about hospitals with CEOs who are also physicians and their corresponding organizational and market characteristics.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2015-05-15T19:46:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 468722 - Texto Completo.pdf: 1230126 bytes, checksum: 45679926e59fba17cb7e39823a47daf0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-15T19:46:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 468722 - Texto Completo.pdf: 1230126 bytes, checksum: 45679926e59fba17cb7e39823a47daf0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-20 / Benthic macroinvertebrates occupy a critical position in the food chain, since they are responsible for the exchange of energy between basal resources and higher trophic levels. In order to analyze the physiological behavior of the species throughout the year, we collected 69 individuals of Parastacus brasiliensis promatensis in the central month of each season. The animals collected were measured for carapace length, taking as a criterion the minimum value for capture 20mm after hemolymph were removed in medium containing 10% potassium oxalate (anticoagulant) and left on ice for 24 hours to use only plasma in the analyzes. After capturing the animals were sacrificed by Cryoanesthesia. A water sample from Garapi? stream (San Francisco de Paula, RS) for analysis of physical and chemical parameters was collected. In laboratory subjects were weighed on the total weight and tissue weight to determine the rates of gastric fullness and hepatossomatic, in both genders, and gonadosomatic only in females; as well as the degree of gastric fullness. In the hemolymph were quantified by spectrophotometry proteins, lactate, lipids, triglycerides, glycerol, glucose, cholesterol, VLDL e HDL and glucose. Also analyzed the behavior of three antioxidant enzymes, which were superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione s-transferase; as well as a cellular damage measure (lipid peroxidation), in order to describe the oxidative status of this subspecies in different seasons. These analyzes were performed by spectrophotometric methods, gills, in hepatopancreas and abdominal muscle for both genders and in the gonads in females. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni or Kruska-Wallis followed by Dunn (17.0 SPSS- or Bioestat). The statistical analysis indicated that there was difference between IH and IG of females throughout the study period. In the spring (reproductive peak) observed an increase in the IG and reduced IH, suggesting allocation of energy hepatopancreas reserves to the gonads; hypothesis reinforced by the analysis of IH in males, where there was no significant difference. Gastric index showed a reduction (p <0.05) in both sexes, in winter which combined with a decrease in ambient temperature and blood glucose control suggest a decreased metabolic rate and habitat exploitation, with possible use of endogenous reserves; combined with a decrease in glycerol and protein in the autumn transition to winter. Both genders showed differences (p <0.5) for lactate levels, as levels possibly linking up with low dissolved oxygen content (3,31 mg / l) in the summer. There was also a significant increase across the lipid chain in both sexes but more pronounced in females in the period corresponding to the apex of reproduction, and the probable cause reproductive preparation directly or increased energy expenditure in this situation. As for oxidative stress, the results suggest that females have a large energy expenditure in protecting the gonadal tissue, especially in the spring (playback apex) while maintaining a high degree of GST enzyme activity, together with the lesser extent of cellular damage when compared with the other tissues. As for the males lipid peroxidation level was higher in the spring, in all tissues. However, the gill tissue proved unable to increase antioxidant activity, and only the muscle and hepatopancreas were able to increase the enzymatic defense in the spring. We can conclude that seasonal factors clearly influence the biological cycle of P. brasiliensis promatensis and demand adjustments in the oxidative balance, requiring a greater demand of enzymatic antioxidant defenses and of the metabolic system. / Os macroinvertebrados bent?nicos ocupam uma posi??o cr?tica na cadeia alimentar, uma vez que eles s?o respons?veis pela troca de energia entre os recursos basais e os n?veis tr?ficos superiores. Com o objetivo de analisar o comportamento fisiol?gico do lagostim Parastacus brasiliensis promatensis ao longo do ano, foram coletados 69 indiv?duos no m?s central de cada esta??o do ano. Os animais coletados foram medidos quanto ao comprimento de cefalot?rax, tendo como crit?rio o valor m?nimo 20 mm para captura, ap?s tiveram a hemolinfa retirada em meio contendo oxalato de pot?ssio 10% (anticoagulante) e deixadas em banho de gelo por 24 horas para utiliza??o apenas do plasma nas an?lises. Ap?s a captura os animais foram sacrificados por crioanestesia. No momento de cada coleta foi obtida uma amostra de ?gua do local de coleta, riacho Garapi? (S?o Francisco de Paula, RS), para an?lise dos par?metros f?sico-qu?micos. Em laborat?rio os indiv?duos foram pesados quanto ao peso total e peso tecidual para determina??o dos ?ndices de reple??o g?strica e hepatossom?tico (IH), em ambos os g?neros, e gonadossom?tico (IG) apenas nas f?meas; como tamb?m o grau de reple??o g?strico. Na hemolinfa quantificamos, por espectrofotometria, as prote?nas, o lactato, os lip?deos, os triglicer?deos, o glicerol, o colesterol VLDL e o HDL e a glicose. Analisamos ainda o comportamento de tr?s enzimas antioxidantes, sendo elas a super?xido dismutase (SOD), a catalase (CAT) e a glutationa S-tranferase (GST); bem como uma medida de dano celular (lipoperoxida??o, LPO), com o objetivo de descrever o status oxidativo desta subesp?cie em diferentes esta??es do ano. Estas an?lises foram realizadas, por m?todos espectrofotom?tricos, nas br?nquias, no hepatop?ncreas e no m?sculo abdominal para ambos os g?neros e, nas g?nadas das f?meas. Os dados foram analisados por ANOVA de uma via seguida de Bonferroni ou Kruska-Wallis seguido de Dunn, nos programas SPSS (vers?o 17.0) ou Bioestat, respectivamente. As analises estat?sticas indicam que houve diferen?a entre o IH E IG de f?meas ao longo do per?odo de estudo. Na primavera (pico reprodutivo) observamos um aumento do IG e uma redu??o do IH, sugerindo aloca??o das reservas energ?ticas do hepatop?ncreas para as g?nadas; hip?tese refor?ada pela an?lise do IH em machos, onde n?o houve diferen?a significativa. O ?ndice g?strico mostrou uma redu??o (p<0,05), em ambos os sexos, no inverno o que aliado a uma diminui??o da temperatura ambiental e manuten??o da glicemia sugerem uma diminui??o da taxa metab?lica e da explora??o do habitat, com poss?vel utiliza??o das reservas end?genas; aliados a uma diminui??o do glicerol e prote?nas na transi??o do outono para o inverno. Ambos os g?neros apresentaram diferen?as (p<0,5) para os n?veis de lactato, com os n?veis relacionando-se possivelmente com o baixo teor de oxig?nio dissolvido (3,31mg/l) encontrado na ?gua no ver?o, sendo estes considerados n?veis hip?xicos. Houve tamb?m um aumento significativo em toda a cadeia lip?dica em ambos os sexos; por?m, mais pronunciado nas f?meas, no per?odo que corresponde ao ?pice da reprodu??o, sendo a prov?vel causa o preparo reprodutivo diretamente e/ou o aumento de gasto energ?tico nesta situa??o. Quanto ao estresse oxidativo, os resultados sugerem que as f?meas apresentam um grande gasto energ?tico na prote??o do tecido gonadal, principalmente na primavera (?pice da reprodu??o), mantendo um alto grau de atividade da enzima GST, aliado ? menor medida de dano celular (LPO) quando comparado com os demais tecidos. J? para os machos o n?vel de lipoperoxida??o foi maior na primavera, em todos os tecidos. Contudo, o tecido branquial se mostrou incapaz de aumentar a atividade antioxidante, sendo apenas o m?sculo e o hepatop?ncreas capazes de incrementarem as defesas enzim?ticas na primavera. Podemos concluir que fatores sazonais influenciam claramente o ciclo bi?logico de P. brasiliensis promatensis e demandam ajustes no balan?o oxidativo, exigindo uma demanda maior das defesas antioxidantes enzim?ticas e do sistema metab?lico.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:09:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 408664 Anexo A.pdf: 7651860 bytes, checksum: 3da492cf745f694306576b178b33ac47 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-10-24 / A familia Delphinidae ? a mais diversa entre os Cet?ceos existentes possuindo uma grande variedade de morfotipos. At? o presente momento s?o reconhecidos 17 g?neros e pelo menos 37 esp?cies. A diversidade e a presente abund?ncia de delfin?deos est? relacionada com a r?pida evolu??o que provavelmente ocorreu no Plioceno. A abrupta radia??o dos delfin?deos durante o Plioceno ? um fenomeno not?vel na evolu??o dos cet?ceos. Durante este per?odo, um decl?nio global da temperatura pode ter resultado em mudan?as de habitats e na substitui??o dos kentriodontideos pelo delfin?deos modernos. At? o presente momento n?o existe consenso sobre as divis?es dentro dos Delfin?deos e a utilizacao atual das distintas subfam?lias tem sido baseada em Delphinus (Delphininae), Steno (Steninae), Lissodelphis (Lissodolphinae), Cephalorhynchus (Cephalorhynchinae), e Globicephala (Globicephalinae). Estes grupos est?o baseados principalmente em julgamentos fen?ticos de apenas uma linha de evid?ncia (e.g. m?sculos nasofaciais seios da regi?o do basicr?nio, ou timpanoperi?ticos) e tem resultado em classifica??es contradit?rias. Neste estudo, 147 caracteres morfol?gicos de 42 esp?cies de odontocetos recentes foram codificados atrav?s do exame direto dos exemplares. O grupo interno contou com o total de 35 diferentes OTUs (31 esp?cies + 3 subesp?cies + 1 popula??o) Todos os 17 g?neros de delfin?deos estiveram representados com pelo menos uma esp?cie na presente analise. Esta ? a primeira tentativa de produzir uma an?lise clad?sitica dos delfinideos utilizando morfologia com uma abrangente base de dados (cr?nio timpanoperi?ticos rnorfologia externa e colorac?o). Aproximadamente 57 caracteres s?o originais deste estudo. A analise da matriz com 147 caracteres e 43 t?xons resultou em quatro ?rvores mais parcimoniosas de iguais tamanhos com o comprimento de 1034 passos. A ?rvore do consenso estrito revelou duas politomias. A primeira envolve as rela??es entre as tr?s fam?lias de Deiphinoidea (Monodontidae Phocoenidae e Delphinidae) e a outra refere-se as rela??es de Lagenorhynchus acutus dentro de Delphinidae. A monofilia das tr?s fam?lias do Deiphinoidea foi comprovada. As fam?lias Monodontidae e Phocoenidae foram corroboradas com cinco sinapomorfias exclusivas cada, enquanto a fam?lia Delphinidae por quatro. Neste estudo demonstrou-se que os blackfish formam um grupamento polifil?tico que deve ser dividido em tr?s subfam?lias (Orcininae Orcaellinae e a nova subfarnilia) Uma outra nova subfamilia Lagenorhynchinae, deve ser criada, para Lagenorhynchus albirostris. Neste estudo, a monofilia do Lissodelphininao foi tamb?m registrada com 10 esp?cies em tr?s g?neros. Neste estudo, um bom suporte para Steninae foi encontrado, com Sousa CL profundamente agrupado nesta subfam?lia. Leucopleurus acutus agrupou-se na subfam?lia Delphinidae. A subfam?lia Delphininae deve incluir apenas os g?neros Deiphinus, Leucopleurus, Lagenodelphis, Stenella, Stenella Iongirostris o Tursiops. Os resultados obtidos atrav?s da morfologia s?o promissores. Este estudo demonstrou que uma analise clad?stica abrangente pode ajudar a entender as conturbadas rela??es entre os delfinideos.

This study of CEOs in Nigeria sought to discover the practices that CEOs engaged in as relevant and effective in an emerging economy. Twenty eight CEOs of national and expatriate extraction running national and multi-national companies were interviewed to understand their experiences of the contextual influences of an emerging economy and how this impacted what they did, ie. their practices. In support of contingency theories that seek to explain how effective leadership is the result of appropriateness of fit between particular behaviours and particular situations , CEO practices in an emerging economy were found to be attributable to the macro influences of an emerging economy, discovered in the Nigerian environment to include: - undue government influence, unwholesome competitor practices, short supply of skills and talent, inadequate social and physical infrastructure, a large untapped market and poor government capacity to implement policies and laws. The inclusion of previously unresearched but potentially relevant meso and micro influences of company type and CEO nationality status led to the discovery of additional CEO practices that were perceived to be relevant in an emerging economy context and the attribution of differences in CEO practices to the individual or combined influence of these contexts. A conceptual model derived from the findings of this study provided a new understanding of the relationship between the macro influences of an emerging economy, the meso influence of company type and the micro influence of CEO nationality status on CEO practices and the intended outcomes of those practices. Practical knowledge about the development of business leaders in an emerging economy has been extended as a result of deeper insights into the contextually influenced and relevant CEO practices in an emerging economy.

This paper examines the association between individual managers and corporate reporting and operating decisions. To examine this question, I develop a dataset of 241 individual CEOs and CFOs, as well as audit committee chairs, covering the period of 1988 to 2009. Although audit committee chairs are tasked with monitoring insiders and not actually preparing the financial results, research suggests that each of these management groups could exert their individual "styles" on the reporting and operating decisions. Using this dataset, I find that each of these groups significantly influence accounting- and non-accounting-based corporate decisions. Also, I examine whether the influence of these individuals is impacted by characteristics of the corporation's operating environment. Using individual proxies for managerial discretion and job demands, as well as developing index measures for each of these constructs, I find that the influence of these particular managers is not impacted by the amount of discretion they have or their perceived job demands. Last, I find evidence that observable demographic measures explain some of the managers' decisions. These results add to the literature concerning the importance of individual managers to corporate decisions because they suggest that managers besides the CFO can significantly influence reporting and operating decisions, and the influence of these managers extends beyond accrual-based techniques to include real activities management decisions.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-01-16T20:42:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MicaelaDaSilvaPaulaDamasceno_DISSERT.pdf: 1692024 bytes, checksum: f455fce5146810245110703dd481309a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-01-22T16:08:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MicaelaDaSilvaPaulaDamasceno_DISSERT.pdf: 1692024 bytes, checksum: f455fce5146810245110703dd481309a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-22T16:08:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MicaelaDaSilvaPaulaDamasceno_DISSERT.pdf: 1692024 bytes, checksum: f455fce5146810245110703dd481309a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-10-27 / O cozimento do pescado reduz o rendimento, causando perdas econ?micas e de qualidade no produto. O aditivo fosfato tem sido utilizado em produtos de pescado para aumentar a reten??o de ?gua, reduzir as perdas no rendimento e por fim melhorar sua qualidade final. A avalia??o da associa??o do uso do aditivo alimentar fosfato como pr?-tratamento ao processo de cozimento do camar?o Litopenaeus vannamei descascado em uma ind?stria de beneficiamento, foi realizada examinando-se os efeitos de diferentes tipos de fosfato (tripolifosfato de s?dio - TPF e mistura de fosfatos ? Blend formulada com difosfato tetrass?dio, difosfato tetrapot?ssio, trifosfato pentass?dio e trifosfato pentapot?ssio), concentra??o do aditivo (3 e 5%) e tempo de contato (por imers?o, 30 e 60 min) sobre o rendimento (ganho e perda de peso) e a qualidade f?sico-qu?mica do camar?o. As amostras imersas em ?gua (30 e 60 min) foram consideradas como controle. As an?lises laboratoriais (capacidade de reten??o de ?gua, umidade, prote?na, textura, cor e pH) foram realizadas ap?s o cozimento e ap?s o descongelamento. As an?lises de fosfato e s?dio foram realizadas apenas ap?s o descongelamento. O uso do aditivo fosfato mostrou efeito satisfat?rio na redu??o da perda de peso e no aumento da capacidade de reten??o de ?gua da carne de camar?o, quando comparado as amostras controle (tratadas com ?gua). A efic?cia do fosfato nas propriedades de reten??o de ?gua reflete em melhoria da qualidade do produto e depende do tipo, da concentra??o do aditivo e do tempo de contato. O tratamento com TPF e Blend (5% por 60 minutos) apresentou fosfato residual acima do limite legal permitido (1%) e esse ?ltimo tratamento tamb?m apresentou pH acima do permitido (7,85). Os resultados indicaram o alto potencial de uso de fosfato antes do cozimento em situa??es reais de produ??o para melhorar a qualidade do produto (camar?o cozido), desde que esteja de acordo com a legisla??o vigente. / The seafood cooking reduces the yield, causing economic and quality losses in the product. The phosphate additive has been used in seafood products to increase water retention, reduce yield losses and ultimately improve final quality. The evaluation of the association of the use of the feed additive phosphate as a pre-treatment to the cooking process of the shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei peeled in a processing industry was carried out by examining the effects of different types of phosphate (sodium tripolyphosphate - TPF and Blend - formulated with tetrasodium diphosphate, tetrapotassium diphosphate, pentasodium triphosphate and pentapotassium triphosphate), additive concentration (3 and 5%) and contact time (by immersion, 30 and 60 min) on yield (gain and weight loss) and the physical-chemical quality of the shrimp. Samples immersed in water (30 and 60 min) were considered as controls. The laboratory analyzes (water holding capacity, moisture, protein, texture, color and pH) were performed after cooking and after thawing. The phosphate and sodium analyzes were performed only after thawing. The use of the phosphate additive showed a satisfactory effect on the reduction of weight loss and on the increase of the water holding capacity of the shrimp meat when compared to the control samples (treated with water). The efficacy of the phosphates in the water retention properties reflects on the improvement of the quality of the product and depends on the type, the concentration of the additive and the time of contact. Treatment with TPF and Blend (5% for 60 minutes) presented residual phosphate above the legal limit allowed (1%) and the latter treatment also had a pH above that allowed (7,85). The results indicated the high potential of using phosphate before cooking in real production situations to improve the quality of the product (cooked shrimp), since is in accordance with the current legislation.