This research explores leadership effectiveness in organisations in Kuwait from the perspective of Chief Executive Officers (CEOs). This is an area that has been neglected by the extant literature, and no integrated model for assessing CEO effectiveness exists for us to fully understand the phenomenon. Based on a positivist qualitative research approach, evidence was drawn from 16 CEOs using semi-structured interviews. The evidence was corroborated by using data obtained from participant observations of two CEOs working in the same organisation as the researcher. The results indicated that CEOs perceive leadership effectiveness as driving execution and not necessarily the realisation of goals themselves. Their experiences of leadership lead to CEOs in Kuwait believing that leadership effectiveness depends on their leadership style, relationship with the Board and the Executives, experience and family ground, societal and organisational culture, the business environment and CEO characteristics. On the basis of the participants’ perceptions of leadership effectiveness, it is recommended that CEO leadership development in Kuwait should focus on these areas, as this should equip CEOs to be effective in formulating clear visions and executing strategies to enable economic development of the country, and this should help them to compete globally. As the study focused on private and public companies, future research could consider CEOs from governmental and not-for-profit organisations to expand the sample of CEOs.

In this dissertation, I first suggest an extension of the managerial rents model and more specifically the managerial skills typology that it offers. Building on research in international business, I propose adding country-specific skills (CSS) to this typology in addition to firm-specific, industry-specific, and generic skills. I define CSS as managers’ abilities that are applicable and specific to a particular national institutional context. Such skills are distinct from the other three types identified and are likely to influence managers’ performance and the performance of their firms. So if CSS are distinct skills, what are the implications for strategy and international business research? In an attempt to respond to this question, I conduct two empirical essays in which I examine the implications of this refinement of the typology of managerial skills for CEO selection and firms’ mergers and acquisitions (M&A) strategy. In the first empirical essay, I puzzle at the fact that although CSS constitute a barrier to high-level executive mobility across countries, there have been a growing number of foreign-born CEOs being appointed across the globe. Why are these individuals being selected for the post of CEO? Using information on the appointment of foreign-born and national CEOs from 2005 to 2010 among global 500 companies, I show that internationalization pressures help explain their selection and that two types of firms are likely to appoint foreign leaders: highly internationalized firms and firms that are likely to internationalize. In the second empirical essay, I examine the strategic implications of country-specific skills. Employing the same sample as the one used in the first empirical essay, I demonstrate that given that their mindset is likely to be less focused on firms’ home market, foreign-born CEOs may be prone to institute more changes in firms’ cross-border M&A strategy than their domestic counterparts. I also theorize on the moderating influence of CEOs’ insiderness.

Background Nowadays the amount of research regarding the family business context has improved meaningfully. However, the field of family business could still be considered immature and with existing gaps in its literature. Thereby, several studies in the family business context have discussed the topic of risk-taking, which establishes its crucial importance as a topic within in the field. Thus, risk-taking is a topic of the utmost importance for any given organization in terms of growth regardless if it is a family firm or non-family firm. However, in order to enact such levels of growth, the firms’ CEOs are required to engage in managerial risk-taking behaviors. Here, managerial risktaking is explained through the lens of the upper echelons theory which aids to understand the different perspectives (e.g., age, tenure, education and prior work experiences) CEOs utilize to take risk in their daily activities. Purpose Through the identified fundamental experiences affecting the managerial risk-taking behaviors of CEOs, the purpose of this thesis, through the lens of the upper-echelons theory, is to research how CEOs experiences influence their managerial risk-taking behaviors inside family businesses. Method This thesis followed a quantitative research approach, by analyzing a sample of 100 family firms and their CEOs across Scandinavia. Here, the data was collected via the public database “Amadeus” and complemented with supporting sources such as “LinkedIn” and companies’ websites. Lastly, multiple statistical tests were performed to further asses and explore the collected data. Findings The final results of this thesis were unable to determine to what degree the independent variables of CEOs’ experiences (age, tenure, education and prior work experiences) influence the dependent variable of managerial risk-taking behaviors. In our case, the controlling variables of firm size and CEOs being part of the board showed to have a significant effect on the managerial risk-taking behaviors of CEOs.

<p>I start with a sample of 26,998 CEOs from the Compustat Executive Compensation (ExecuComp) database starting January 1, 1991 and ending January 1, 2009. I then match the sample with the FAA’s Airmen Certification database using the CEO’s first name, middle initial, and last name. Names with a match are coded as pilots and names without a match are coded as non-pilots. Following Roychowdhury (2006) I remove all firms in regulated industries (SIC codes between 4400 and 5000) as well as banks and financial institutions (SIC codes between 6000 and 6500). The resulting sample consists of 255 pilot-CEOs and 3,935 non-pilot-CEOs. I then merge the CEO dataset to the Compustat Fundamentals Annual database to obtain a final sample consisting of 1,038 CEO-pilot firm-years and 18,455 CEO-non-pilot firm-years. All variables are winsorized at the 1% and 99% levels.</p><p><a></a> </p><div><br><div><p><br></p></div></div>

Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) have become recognised as brands in the academic and popular domain, but little is known about the relationship between these senior manager ¿brands¿ and the corporate brand of the organisation they represent. Since stakeholders associate the CEO¿s reputation with that of the company, they may negatively or positively affect each other, and there is little research into this dynamic. Indeed there is only a limited understanding about the field of people branding in general and much less into CEO brands in particular. Consequently this doctoral thesis investigates the people and CEO brands phenomena, the relationships between CEO, corporate brand and stakeholder¿s self-image and how these can be effectively managed in order to enhance brand equity for the company. Based on a critical realist perspective, this research examines traditional product brand elements from the literature and develops a new conceptual framework for people brands, which is subsequently applied to CEOs. Furthermore a survey is performed with business school students. The findings are analysed by using content analysis, descriptive statistics and by developing and testing a Structural Equation Model. The contribution to knowledge is threefold. Firstly a conceptual framework of people brands is constructed. Second this model is applied to CEO brands. Third five propositions about stakeholder perceptions of CEO brand differentiation and equity are empirically tested. The main findings are that visual presentation is not the main factor to differentiate CEO brands from each other, nor is their association with the company. Positive perceptions of corporate brands can influence the reputation of the CEO brand and lead to an enhancement of their brand equity. Importantly this indicates that stakeholders do not distinguish between CEO and company. Brand equity is also created if there is a relationship between stakeholder self-image and company brand, which in turn can improve the reputation of the CEO brand. Finally brand equity is enhanced through stakeholder perceptions of an ideal self-image. Overall this research has important implications for academia and managerial practice as it extends the knowledge about people and CEO brands and provides an insight into ways in which the relationships between CEO, company and stakeholders can be managed to enhance brand equity for the company

This research explores leadership effectiveness in organisations in Kuwait from the perspective of Chief Executive Officers (CEOs). This is an area that has been neglected by the extant literature, and no integrated model for assessing CEO effectiveness exists for us to fully understand the phenomenon. Based on a positivist qualitative research approach, evidence was drawn from 16 CEOs using semi-structured interviews. The evidence was corroborated by using data obtained from participant observations of two CEOs working in the same organisation as the researcher. The results indicated that CEOs perceive leadership effectiveness as driving execution and not necessarily the realisation of goals themselves. Their experiences of leadership lead to CEOs in Kuwait believing that leadership effectiveness depends on their leadership style, relationship with the Board and the Executives, experience and family ground, societal and organisational culture, the business environment and CEO characteristics. On the basis of the participants’ perceptions of leadership effectiveness, it is recommended that CEO leadership development in Kuwait should focus on these areas, as this should equip CEOs to be effective in formulating clear visions and executing strategies to enable economic development of the country, and this should help them to compete globally. As the study focused on private and public companies, future research could consider CEOs from governmental and not-for-profit organisations to expand the sample of CEOs.

Thought leadership is a term that has been around for more than a decade. Little research has been done on exactly what thought leadership is or how to become a thought leader. Yet the business press is full or articles touting the importance of becoming a thought leader along with a variety of benefits. Additionally, social media has become an increasingly important part of any marketing strategy. This paper begins by developing a typology of business to business CEO social media presence, it clearly defines the three key attributes of a thought leader and concludes with identifying which attributes are the most important in CEO thought leadership. Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) are generally expected to represent the public face of the company, and their leadership is critical to success in product-service markets. Social media platforms offer CEOs the opportunity to benefit their companies by demonstrating leadership, communicating ideas, and motivating others, often with a personalized touch. Yet, many CEOs, particularly in business-to-business (B2B) firms, are relatively new to social media and do not have a clear social media strategy. A typology of B2B CEO social media presence was developed by utilizing cluster analysis to analyze a cross-section of B2B CEOs’ social media activity. Results shows that the Reluctants, constituting 74% of the sample, have little or no social media presence. Of CEOs with some social media presence, the main types are LinkedIn Leveragers who have a substantial LinkedIn presence only, and TweetStars, who are active only on Twitter. A CEO who is a thought leader is a business leader who communicates ideas in a way that motivates others to develop them and is recognized by others outside of their organization. Using the three attributes of thought leadership – communication, motivation of others, and public recognition, a survey was conducted to identify which of these attributes were the most important in increasing perceived thought leadership. Using choice based conjoint analysis to test the level of perceived thought leadership, public recognition followed closely by motivation were most important in contributing to perceived thought leadership. The typology developed in this paper leads to the development of a set of empirical propositions for future research. Insights gained from this analysis can help companies and their CEOs make informed decisions on their social media options and strategies. The identification of what attributes are most important to increase levels of perceived thought leadership lays the foundation for additional research. Recommendations offered in this paper can help companies and CEOs invest their resources in a marketing strategy appropriate to their goals. / Business Administration/Marketing

Yes / This study investigates the relationship between internal corporate governance mechanisms and firm survival during a financial crisis. Using a sample of FTSE 350 listed companies for the time period 2003–2010, our results show significant differences in the corporate governance mechanisms of firms that survived and those that failed during the 2007–2009 financial crisis. The findings indicate that compliance with the UK Corporate Governance Code is negatively associated with the survival of firms when they experience exogenous shocks. However, the existence of insider CEOs and a higher number of board committees in organisations increase the chances of survival during an economic downturn. These findings have policy implications and show that non-compliance with a prescribed code of corporate governance does not necessarily lead to poor governance. Moreover, the establishment of extra board committees and CEO succession planning are shown as important dynamics in firms’ strategic decisions, as they have implications for the survival of firms during difficult economic conditions.

Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2018-01-26T22:10:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o-THAISE SANTOS.pdf: 2903693 bytes, checksum: 54d1a25fadc9438d22f06ad23ff48360 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-26T22:10:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o-THAISE SANTOS.pdf: 2903693 bytes, checksum: 54d1a25fadc9438d22f06ad23ff48360 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-27 / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia - FAPEB / Estuaries and coastal regions are widely used environments for the disposal of urban and industrial effluents, causing contamination of waters and marine life by several pollutants, among them trace elements, considered as one of the most important contaminants, and may be associated with Organic and inorganic solids in the aquatic environment. In the Bay of All Saints (BTS) region, despite the pockets of contamination in the rivers and estuaries that feed it, fishing activities are intense and rely on a variety of fish, including fish, crustaceans and mollusks that are intended for subsistence Of riverside communities or to commerce in surrounding cities, such as the municipality of Feira de Santana-BA. As a result, this study aimed to identify the commercialization dynamics of fish in the free fairs of Feira de Santana-BA and to evaluate the concentration of trace elements in shrimps (Litopenaeus vannamei) from the BTS. For this, a research was initially conducted at the free fairs of Feira de Santana to identify the most traded species at fairs and their origin. The results identified that the most popular species at the fairs are: tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), corvinas (Micropogonias furnieri) and shrimps (Litopenaeus vannamei) respectively, but only crustaceans and molluscs originate from BTS fishing communities. The analysis of trace element concentrations performed later with Litopenaeus vannamei showed high levels of Fe and Mn in the tissues, but only Cr and Pb levels exceeded the limits of ANVISA for inorganic contaminants in foods. Significant differences were found between the exoskeleton and muscle tissues and between stages of young and adult maturity. / Os estu?rios e as regi?es costeiras s?o ambientes muito utilizados para a disposi??o de efluentes urbanos e industriais, acarretando a contamina??o das ?guas e da vida marinha por diversos poluentes, dentre eles os elementos tra?os, considerados como uns dos contaminantes mais importantes, podendo estar associados a s?lidos org?nicos e inorg?nicos no meio aqu?tico. Na regi?o da Ba?a de Todos os Santos (BTS), apesar dos focos de contamina??o nos rios e estu?rios que a alimentam, as atividades pesqueiras s?o intensas e conta com uma variedade de pescado, incluindo peixes, crust?ceos e moluscos que destinam-se a subsist?ncia das comunidades ribeirinhas ou ao com?rcio em cidades circunvizinhas, como o munic?pio de Feira de Santana-BA. Em decorr?ncia disso, este estudo objetivou caracterizar a din?mica de comercializa??o do pescado nas feiras livres de Feira de Santana- BA e avaliar da concentra??o de elementos tra?os em camar?es (Litopenaeus vannamei), oriundos da BTS. Para tal, inicialmente foi realizada uma pesquisa nas feiras livres de Feira de Santana para identificar as esp?cies mais comercializadas nas feiras e sua origem. Os resultados identificaram que as esp?cies mais populares nas feiras s?o as til?pias (Oreochromis niloticus), corvinas (Micropogonias furnieri) e camar?es (Litopenaeus vannamei) respectivamente, mas apenas os crust?ceos e moluscos s?o originados de comunidades pesqueiras da BTS. As an?lises das concentra??es de elementos tra?os realizadas com Litopenaeus vannamei, constataram n?veis elevados de Fe e Mn nos tecidos, mas apenas os n?veis de Cr e Pb ultrapassaram os limites da legisla??o para contaminantes inorg?nicos em alimentos. Diferen?as siginificativas foram cosntatadas entre os tecidos exoesqueleto e m?sculo e entre os est?gios de maturidade jovem e adulto.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:09:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 402507.pdf: 1091814 bytes, checksum: 6a25739d4ec8e40376ad8113b472df93 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-08-31 / A toninha, Pontoporia blainvillei, ? a esp?cie de pequeno cet?ceo mais amea?ada na Am?rica do Sul, devido ?s capturas acidentais em redes de pesca em toda sua distribui??o geogr?fica. Na costa do Brasil, a regi?o onde a esp?cie sofre os mais altos n?veis de mortalidade acidental ? o Rio Grande do Sul. A presente tese apresenta os resultados de tr?s trabalhos distintos relacionados a aspectos populacionais e da conserva??o da esp?cie: um estudo sobre a mortalidade causada pelas capturas acidentais em redes de pesca, uma estimativa de abund?ncia populacional, e um ensaio cr?tico sobre perspectivas de conserva??o, recomenda??es de pol?ticas p?blicas e medidas de manejo para a pesca. Com os objetivos de apresentar estimativas de mortalidade atualizadas, identificar ?pocas do ano, tipos e tamanho de rede de pesca e faixas de profundidades com maior risco de captura, foi realizado entre 2002 e 2004, no litoral norte do Rio Grande do Sul, um estudo sobre as intera??es da pesca e a toninha. As comunidades de pesca de Torres e Tramanda? foram monitoradas durante 350 dias para sele??o das embarca??es colaboradoras, condu??o de entrevistas com pescadores e distribui??o dos cadernos de bordo e embarques acompanhando as opera??es de pesca. No total, foram coletados dados relativos a 823 opera??es de pesca realizadas pelas treze embarca??es monitoradas. Foram registradas as capturas acidentais de 99 toninhas em 74 eventos de captura. A mortalidade anual de toninhas foi extrapolada para as 31 embarca??es da pesca comercial costeira que atuam em Torres e Tramanda?, resultando em duas estimativas, dependendo do ?ndice empregado: 429 animais (IC 95%: 168 853) utilizando CPUE e 353 toninhas (IC 95%: 171 629) utilizando taxa de captura. Os resultados desse trabalho n?o apontam solu??es r?pidas e f?ceis para a mitiga??o das capturas acidentais da toninha atrav?s de restri??es de ?reas, artes e ?pocas de pesca. As capturas acidentais de toninhas ocorreram em profundidades variando de 9 a 40 m, havendo uma leve propens?o das capturas diminu?rem ? medida que a profundidade aumenta. N?o foram detectadas diferen?as significativas entre as redes de corvina e brota/pescada, as duas redes de espera mais empregadas na regi?o. O inverno ? a esta??o do ano com maior mortalidade relativa de toninhas. Apesar do not?vel aumento no esfor?o de pesca nos ?ltimos 15 anos, as taxas de capturas de toninhas se mantiveram praticamente inalteradas, refor?ando que a popula??o de toninhas do Rio Grande do Sul est? declinando em tamanho. A estimativa da abund?ncia para esp?cie tem sido sistematicamente recomendada como uma alta prioridade de pesquisa para a esp?cie. Os resultados de um segundo levantamento a?reo realizado em mar?o de 2004 no Rio Grande do Sul ? apresentado. Transectos lineares com padr?o de zig-zag foram seguidos desde a linha da costa at? uma dist?ncia m?dia de 24 km em dire??o ? mar aberto. A ?rea total monitorada compreendeu 13.341 km2. Abund?ncia foi estimada utilizando o programa Distance sampling assumindo g0 = 0.304. Durante 48 transectos e um esfor?o total de 1256.8 km, foram registradas 31 toninhas em 25 grupos. A densidade corrigida ? 0.51/toninhas/km2, resultando em uma estimativa de abund?ncia de 6.839 toninhas (95% CI = 3,709-12,594) para a ?rea coberta. A taxa de encontro para grupos de toninha ? de 0.02 grupos por cada km sobrevoado. A estimativa de abund?ncia apresentada aqui ? restrita apenas para a ?rea monitorada e extrapola??es para a distribui??o restante da esp?cie s?o fortemente desaconselhadas. Embora estudos de abund?ncia de toninha tenham mostrado progressos recentes, ainda h? muitos pontos a ser melhorados. Os aspectos cr?ticos s?o: (a) um valor de erro de percep??o deve ser estimado; (b) os par?metros influenciando o erro de disponibilidade devem ser melhorados; (c) tamanho amostral deve ser aumentado. O atual grau de conhecimento sobre a toninha e suas amea?as tem direcionado a pergunta de quando ter? in?cio alguma a??o concreta para a conserva??o da esp?cie? No entanto, a quest?o mais importante agora n?o ? quando, mas sim como o manejo deve ser implementado. Em minha opini?o, o problema das capturas acidentais da toninha requer um modelo de manejo adaptativo caracterizado por um monitoramento cont?nuo dos indicadores que aferem o progresso das medidas propostas. Quatro proposi??es de manejo para a pesca que exerce impacto sobre as popula??es de toninha s?o comentadas criticamente: o uso de alarmes ac?sticos em redes, a cria??o de ?reas marinhas protegidas, a redu??o do esfor?o de pesca, a modifica??o das redes de pesca. As seguintes recomenda??es relativas ? implementa??o de medidas de manejo s?o propostas e discutidas: (1) a??es de manejo n?o devem ser vistas como uma solu??o final; (2) o sucesso das a??es de manejo devem ser monitoradas a longo prazo; (3) a??es de manejo n?o devem ser invi?veis logisticamente para fiscaliza??o; (4) a??es de manejo devem contar com ampla dissemina??o de informa??o; (5) a??es de manejo devem contar com a concord?ncia e participa??o de parte das comunidades de pesca envolvidas; (6) a??es de manejo devem ter uma abrang?ncia nacional; (7) o impacto econ?mico das medidas de manejo deve ser previamente estudado; (8) a??es de manejo devem ser acompanhadas de pesquisa.