Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:09:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 437736.pdf: 1457817 bytes, checksum: bdde27fe7d092198d722bf49a1924aa8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-15 / Franciscana (Pontoporia blainvillei) is the only extant representative of the Pontoporiidae family. This species occurs along the Atlantic coast of South America from Itaunas, Espirito Santo in Brazil to Golfo Nuevo, Valdes Peninsula in Argentina. The most important threat to the species is the accidental by-catch that in some places reached the number of 1000 related events per year. In recent years an increasingly number of studies had revealed the existence of considerable genetic variation along the geographical distribution of P. blainvillei. In this study, looking to collaborate towards a better comprehension of such existing structure, we analyzed new molecular data, including the sequencing of mitochondrial DNA control region and 11 microsatellite loci from 253 individuals along the Brazilian, Uruguayan and Argentine coast. For the mitochondrial DNA analysis, we added sequences previously deposited in GenBank, totalizing 512 sequences. Results obtained based on the two molecular markers revealed a clear differentiation of the species in three main groups: (1) Rio de Janeiro / Espirito Santo, (2) Sao Paulo and north of Santa Catarina, and (3) south of Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul, Uruguay and Argentina. The study also shows alarming estimates in reference to the effective size of some populations, mainly from Rio de Janeiro/Espirito Santo which will probably reflect on its conservation status. These results supports the definition of the four management areas (Franciscana Management Area - FMAs) previously suggested by Secchi and associates in 2003, and point out the importance of this definition to the conservation of the genetic diversity of the species. / A toninha, Pontoporia blainvillei ? o ?nico representante atual da fam?lia de odontocet?ceos Pontoporiidae. Esta esp?cie ocorre ao longo da costa atl?ntica da Am?rica do Sul, entre Ita?nas, Esp?rito Santo e o Golfo Nuevo, Pen?nsula Vald?s, Argentina. A principal amea?a ? esp?cie s?o as capturas acidentais em redes de pesca, que em algumas localidades chegaram a atingir o n?mero de 1000 capturas anuais. Nos ?ltimos anos, um n?mero crescente de estudos tem revelado a exist?ncia de varia??es gen?ticas consider?veis ao longo da distribui??o geogr?fica de P. blainvillei. Visando colaborar para uma melhor compreens?o dessa estrutura??o existente, novas informa??es moleculares foram analisadas, incluindo o sequenciamento da regi?o controladora do DNA mitocondrial e 11 loci de microssat?lites de 253 indiv?duos ao longo da costa brasileira, uruguaia e argentina. Para as an?lises do DNA mitocondrial foram incluidas sequ?ncias previamente depositadas no GenBank, totalizando 512 sequ?ncias. Os resultados obtidos a partir dos dois marcadores moleculares revelam uma clara diferencia??o da esp?cie em tr?s grupos principais: 1) Rio de Janeiro/Esp?rito Santo, 2) S?o Paulo/Paran? e norte de Santa Catarina, e 3) Sul de Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul, Uruguai e Argentina. O estudo tamb?m apontou estimativas preocupantes no que se refere ao tamanho efetivo de algumas popula??es, em especial ? do Rio de Janeiro/Espirito Santo e consequentemente ao seu status de conserva??o. Os resultados corroboram a defini??o das quatro ?reas de manejo (Franciscana Management Areas FMAs) previamente sugeridas por Secchi e colaboradores em 2003, e ressaltam a import?ncia desta defini??o para a Conserva??o da diversidade gen?tica da esp?cie.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:02:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PriscilaIAPM.pdf: 1776950 bytes, checksum: 9b264328a0abdee8b5b1062e77c5928c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-07-03 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Strandings of live or dead aquatic mammals constitute an important instrument to provide information regarding the occurrence, biology and ecology of these species. The aim of this study was to register the stranded species of cetaceans, the frequency and the spatial-temporal distribution of theses strandings during the period of 1984 to 2005, in the coast of Rio Grande do Norte. Data was acquired through the monitoring of strandings in the north, north-west and south coast of RN, and through information obtained from institutions and newspaper archives of the State. A total of 122 strandings of cetaceans were registered along the coast of Rio Grande do Norte. Of the 14 species of cetaceans registered, four species had higher frequencies: Sotalia guianensis (n= 65), Steno bredanensis (n = 6), Globicephala macrorhynchus (n = 6) and Physeter macrocephalus (n = 7). Out of 118 strandings, 93 occurred in the south coast (78.8 %), 23 in the north coast (19.5%) and 2 (1.7%) in the north-west coast of the State. The highest frequency of strandings occurred during the months of August to March and the maximum number of strandings occurred from 2000 onwards, as a consequence of the intense monitoring of the Pequenos Cet?ceos Project in Rio Grande do Norte / Os encalhes de mam?feros aqu?ticos vivos ou mortos consistem em um instrumento importante na obten??o de informa??es sobre a ocorr?ncia, a biologia e a ecologia das esp?cies. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi registrar as esp?cies de cet?ceos encalhadas, a freq??ncia e a distribui??o espa?o-temporal destes encalhes, durante o per?odo de 1984 a 2005 no litoral do Rio Grande do Norte. Os dados foram coletados atrav?s do monitoramento de encalhes de cet?ceos no litoral norte, noroeste e sul do RN, e atrav?s do levantamento de informa??es sobre encalhes em institui??es e arquivos dos jornais do Estado. Um total de 122 cet?ceos encalhados foi registrado ao longo do litoral do Rio Grande do Norte. Foram registradas 14 esp?cies de cet?ceos, das quais quatro esp?cies apresentaram maior freq??ncia: Sotalia guianensis (n = 65), Steno bredanensis (n = 6), Globicephala macrorhynchus (n = 6) e Physeter macrocephalus (n = 7). Dentre 118 eventos de encalhes, 93 ocorreram no faixa sul (78,8 %), 23 na faixa norte (19,5%) e dois (1,7%) na faixa noroeste do Estado. A maior freq??ncia de encalhes ocorreu entre os meses de agosto a mar?o e o m?ximo n?mero de encalhes foi registrado a partir de 2000, como uma conseq??ncia do intenso monitoramento realizado pelo Projeto Pequenos Cet?ceos do Rio Grande do Norte

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-01-14T20:15:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LorenaCunhaMota_DISSERT.pdf: 1437523 bytes, checksum: ae6d89036966d20441963487eca8cb4f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-01-19T20:31:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 LorenaCunhaMota_DISSERT.pdf: 1437523 bytes, checksum: ae6d89036966d20441963487eca8cb4f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-19T20:31:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LorenaCunhaMota_DISSERT.pdf: 1437523 bytes, checksum: ae6d89036966d20441963487eca8cb4f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-21 / Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar a digestibilidade do farelo do baga?o de caju, o desempenho de su?nos em termina??o alimentados com ra??es contendo n?veis crescentes de farelo do baga?o do caju e a viabilidade econ?mica das ra??es. Foram realizados dois experimentos. No primeiro experimento foi desenvolvido o ensaio de digestibilidade com dez su?nos machos castrados pesando em m?dia 60?6,86kg, alojados em gaiolas metab?licas por um per?odo experimental de quinze dias. Os animais foram alimentados diariamente ? 8h00 e 15h00, sendo que cinco animais receberam a ra??o padr?o e os outros cinco receberam a ra??o teste, com 30% de substitui??o da ra??o padr?o pelo FBC. Realizou-se a coleta total de fezes sem uso de marcador, diariamente ?s 7h00, sendo retirada uma al?quota de 20% e armazenada em freezer. Ao final do per?odo experimental as amostras de fezes foram analisadas em laborat?rio para avaliar a digestibilidade da mat?ria seca, prote?na bruta, fibra em detergente neutro, fibra em detergente ?cido, e os teores de energia bruta, energia digest?vel, c?lcio e f?sforo do farelo do baga?o do caju. No segundo experimento realizou-se o ensaio de desempenho e a viabilidade econ?mica das ra??es, que foi composto por quarenta animais h?bridos comerciais (vinte machos castrados e vinte f?meas), pesando em m?dia 60?5,24kg, delineados em blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos contendo n?veis crescentes de farelo do baga?o do caju (0; 7,5; 15; 22,5 e 30 %) e quatro repeti??es. Os par?metros de desempenho avaliados foram o consumo di?rio de ra??o, ganho di?rio de peso e convers?o alimentar. Os animais foram abatidos ao atingiram peso de 90?6,8 kg, e dados da carca?a (espessura de toucinho, profundidade de lombo, porcentagem da carne magra e peso da carca?a quente) foram coletados para compor o estudo da viabilidade econ?mica, no qual, foram calculadas a receita bruta parcial com ?ndice de bonifica??o, receita bruta parcial, receita l?quida parcial com ?ndice de bonifica??o e receita l?quida parcial das ra??es. Os dados foram submetidos ? an?lise de vari?ncia e regress?o por meio do programa estat?stico SAS. Observou-se que os coeficientes de digestibilidade da mat?ria seca, prote?na bruta, fibra em detergente neutro e fibra em detergente ?cido e os valores da energia bruta, energia digest?vel, mat?ria mineral, Ca e P do FBC foram, 44,265%; 8,20%; 15,22%; 13,05%; 4.081 kcal/kg, 2.470 kcal/kg, 6,61%; 0,50%; 0,35%, respectivamente. A inclus?o de 7,5 % de farelo do baga?o de caju incrementou a espessura de toucinho, porcentagem de carne magra e a receita bruta parcial com ?ndice de bonifica??o / The research objective was to evaluate the cashew pulp bran (CPB) digestibility, the finishing swine performance feed with different levels of cashew pulp bran diets and the feed economic viability. Two experiments were conducted. In the first experiment, the digestibility essay with ten barrows with initial average weight of 60?6.86, housed in metabolic cages for a trial period of fifteen days was developed. The animals were feed daily at 8h00 and 15h00. Five of this pigs received standard food and the other five received test food, with 30 % of CPB replacement of the standard food. Was chosen the total feces collection, without marker feces. The feces samples were collected daily at 7h00 and was taken at a rate of 20 % and stored in a freezer. At the end of the experimental period, the feces samples were analyzed in the laboratory to evaluate the digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and the levels of gross energy, digestible energy, Ca and P of the CPB. In the second experiment, was conducted the performance essay and diets animals economic viability, with 40 crossbred animals, weighing 60kg ?5,24 (20 castrated males and 20 females), outlined in randomized block design with five treatments (0, 7.5, 15, 22.5, 30 % with CPB included) and four replications. The parameters were the feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion. When animals dyed average weight 90?6.8 kg were slaughtered. The carcass data (the backfat depth, the longissimus muscle, the hot carcass weight and the lean meat percent) were analyzed to compose the economic viability study, which evaluated the partial gross receipts with rate bonus, partial gross receipts, partial liquid receipts and partial liquid receipts with rate bonus. The parameters were subjected to variance and regression analysis using the SAS program. It was observed, the dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber digestibility and gross energy, digestible energy, ash, Ca and P cashew pulp bran values were, 44.265% ; 8.20%; 15.22%; 13.05%; 4,081 kcal / kg 2,470 kcal / kg, 6.61%; 0.50%; 0.35%, respectively. The diet with 7.5% increased the backfat depth, the lean meat percentage and the partial gross revenue allowance index

Cette thèse s’éloigne des cadres habituels des recherches en gestion ayant étudié les tensions en matière de RSE pour adopter un nouveau cadre intégrateur afin d'explorer de manière descriptive son intégration à la fois aux niveaux individuel, organisationnel et institutionnel.Des analyses de contenus d’entretiens, de documents historiques et de récits de vie ont permis de mettre au point un modèle décrivant les conditions nécessaires à l’intégration de la RSE au sein d’un système social. Ainsi, les modalités des structures de signification, de légitimation et de domination sont examinées (Giddens, 1984) afin de révéler les caractéristiques et les mécanismes sous-tendant les schémas interprétatifs, normes et ressources mobilisés (Giddens, 1984).Cette thèse contribue à la littérature sur la RSE en remettant en question les idées conventionnelles selon lesquelles celle-ci est intrinsèquement complexe, et suggère que les éléments constitutifs de la RSE ne sont pas nécessairement divergents et difficiles à mettre en œuvre simultanément. En ce sens, elle démontre qu’une congruence peut se produire entre la structure institutionnelle et les actions RSE sous certaines conditions. / Constructed upon management research that has studied CSR tensions, this thesis shifts away from the usual frames toward a new integrative frame to descriptively explore the integration of CSR at the individual, organizational and institutional levels simultaneously.The content analyses of interviews, historic documents and self-narratives yielded insights which enabled us to build a model describing the necessary conditions for CSR integration to occur. In this way, the structural modalities of the signification, legitimation and domination structures are examined and the dynamics which attend the integration of CSR in the social system are explored in order to reveal the characteristics and mechanisms underlying the interpretative schemes, norms and resources (Giddens, 1984).Consequently, a model of a sustainable paradigm grounded in empirical data is developed and the theoretical implications discussed. This thesis contributes to the CSR literature by challenging the conventional ideas that CSR is inherently difficult in suggesting that the constitutive elements of CSR are not necessarily divergent and difficult to implement simultaneously. In this sense, it empirically demonstrates that congruence between the institutional structure and CSR may occur under certain conditions.

No description available.

No description available.

The purpose of this study is to ascertain the opinions of chief executive officers (CEOs) and school board chairs of Texas private schools in educational service center (ESC) Regions 10 and 11 toward board training and the potential benefits for the success of their respective roles. Literature regarding private school board training is limited. As a result, most private school boards face challenges regarding school board training expectations, which could affect their roles and the roles of CEOs. The quantitative and qualitative cross-sectional research design examined Texas private school CEOs’ and school board chairs’ perceptions about school board training and the working relationships between Texas school CEOs and school boards. The researcher developed the survey and interview questions used in this study. Responses to a 4-point Likert-type scale instrument, short answer questions, and interviews were solicited from a population of private school CEO and school board chairs within ESC Regions 10 and 11 from schools with an enrollment of at least 100 students and that contained Grades 9 through 12. In-depth Interviews were conducted with 12 private school CEOs and 12 school board chairs with varying levels of school board training. The research findings indicate that board training does make a significant difference in the working relationships between CEOs and private school boards. The findings of this study may assist private school boards in addressing school board training and the components of such training, which would benefit the working relationships between CEOs and school boards, as well as the success of private schools.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-08-09T23:54:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CamilaRodriguesCabral_TESE.pdf: 4270769 bytes, checksum: 1d87d6722008a708e5ed50603d965a96 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-08-15T22:59:31Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CamilaRodriguesCabral_TESE.pdf: 4270769 bytes, checksum: 1d87d6722008a708e5ed50603d965a96 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-15T22:59:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CamilaRodriguesCabral_TESE.pdf: 4270769 bytes, checksum: 1d87d6722008a708e5ed50603d965a96 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-11 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Esse estudo avalia os padr?es de diversidade alfa, diversidade beta e similaridade das comunidades zooplanct?nicas em 100 lagos rasos tropicais. No primeiro cap?tulo, n?s verificamos a riqueza zooplanct?nica entre os habitats limn?tico e litor?neo, se o resultado encontrado foi decorrente da presen?a de macr?fitas no habitat litor?neo ou de condi??es do habitat per se, e quais foram as vari?veis ambientais locais que mais influenciaram nos padr?es de riqueza. Nossas hip?teses eram de que a riqueza seria maior no habitat litor?neo, principalmente para microcrust?ceos, e que esses padr?es seriam determinados pela presen?a de macr?fitas. N?s vimos que o habitat litor?neo com macr?fitas ? detentor de maior riqueza zooplanct?nica, especialmente de esp?cies de rot?feros beneficiadas pelo espectro de recursos providos pelas macr?fitas. A riqueza de microcrust?ceos n?o foi afetada pelas macr?fitas, possivelmente devido ao tamanho reduzido desses organismos e ? baixa preda??o visual e h?bito omn?voro de peixes tropicais. Encontramos rela??o positiva entre a riqueza com a presen?a de macr?fitas e a baixa concentra??o de nitrog?nio. ? poss?vel que, devido ?s consequ?ncias da eutrofiza??o, o aumento dos nutrientes na ?gua determina: o aumento da biomassa algas e a redu??o de macr?fitas, e consequentemente, a redu??o da riqueza zooplanct?nica. J? no segundo cap?tulo,n?s observamos que o efeito combinado da heterogeneidade de habitats (habitat limn?tico ou litor?neo) e a aus?ncia direta de conectividade entre os lagos foram fundamentais no aumento da diversidade beta zooplanct?nica, e que, a complexidade estrutural (presen?a de macr?fitas) exerceu importante papel sobre a diversidade beta em escalas local e regional. A varia??o espacial, como a promovida pela compartimentaliza??o horizontal em lagos e pela presen?a de macr?fitas no habitat litor?neo, foi capaz de produzir mosaicos e gradientes capazes de permitir a coexist?ncia de diferentes esp?cies adaptadas ?s condi??es espec?ficas criadas pela variabilidade dos habitats limn?tico e litor?neo. Dentre esses habitats, o litor?neo constituiu a regi?o mais sujeita a efeitos do filtro ambiental em escala regional, apresentando maior diversidade beta e heterogeneidade ambiental, possivelmente devido ? maior complexidade espacial e temporal de fatores f?sico-qu?mico e biol?gicos. Enquanto que, no terceiro cap?tulo, n?s vimos os padr?es do zoopl?ncton de decaimento da similaridade com a dist?ncia (DDS), considerando o potencial de dispers?o dos organismos e a idade do lagos. Devido ao potencial de dispers?o, n?s esper?vamos que as taxas de DDS fossem maiores para cop?podes, clad?ceros e rot?feros, respectivamente, e que, devido ao maior tempo de exist?ncia dos lagos antigos e ao potencial de dispers?o do zoopl?ncton, as medidas de similaridade inicial fossem maiores e as taxas de DDS menores nos lagos antigos. N?s vimos que dentro de cada conjunto de lagos as taxas de DDS n?o variaram entre os organismos, evidenciando que al?m da habilidade de dispers?o per se, existem outros fatores que contribu?ram para inexist?ncia de decaimento mais r?pidos entre os grupos. As taxas de DDS foram mais evidentes nos lagos mais novos, possivelmente, o tempo tornou os lagos antigos mais complexos e heterog?neos, capazes de agir como filtro ambiental na sele??o de diferentes esp?cies. A DDS significativa do zoopl?ncton em escalas espaciais relativamente pequenas comprova que organismos pequenos podem apresentar padr?es biogeogr?ficos semelhante ao esperado para os macrorganismos. Por fim, os tr?s cap?tulos em conjunto forneceram informa??es importantes sobre os fatores que controlam a riqueza e distribui??o zooplanct?nica no espa?o e no tempo e pode auxiliar-nos na previs?o de respostas ecossist?micas, diante da eutrofiza??o cultural ou das mudan?as clim?ticas globais, e nas a??es de conserva??o e estrat?gias de conserva??o de ecossistemas lacustres.

Vi vill med denna studie ta reda på vilka mekanismer, som bidrar till den låga andelen kvinnor bland VD:ar i svenska privata företag och om situationen har förändrats de senaste tio åren. Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka glastaket från ett ovanifrån-perspektiv. Fokus i studien ligger därför på de styrelseordförande, som arbetar med rekrytering, och inte på de kvinnor, som strävar efter att nå toppen. I referensramen ingår feministiska begrepp som genuskunskap, intersektionalitet, hegemonisk maskulinitet, och homosocialitet men den behandlar även rekrytering, kvotering och positiv särbehandling.Studien är kvalitativ och genomfördes med hjälp av semi-strukturerade intervjuer. En serie intervjuer utfördes, med två projektledare på en jämställdhetsorganisation, sex styrelseordförande och två rekryterare. Intervjuerna gav studien både förkunskaper och empiri, när det gäller den låga andelen kvinnliga VD:ar i svenska privata medelstora företag. Båda könen representerades med fem män och fem kvinnor. Konferensen Jämställt på toppen ägde rum på Rosenbad i Stockholm, där vi utöver intervjuerna studerade goda exempel från företag, som kommit längre i utvecklingen i strävan att tillsätta fler kvinnor på höga positioner. Empirin analyseras utifrån de båda begreppen homosocialitet och hegemonisk maskulinitet.Vår slutsats blir att det är viktigt för företagen att tala ett “nytt språk”, som i första hand poängterar och belyser lönsamheten mer än jämställdheten. Jämställdhet är en självklar grund. Lönsamhet är något som driver utvecklingen i företag framåt. Att börja tala ett nytt språk är väsentligt, om privata företag själva skall lyckas förändra sin nuvarande situation med idag 40 procent rent manliga styrelser, 12-15 procent kvinnliga VD:ar och en utveckling, som går tvärs emot en förändringsprocess i statliga företag och mot samhällets syn på jämlikhet. Det är företagarens ansvar att utifrån grundläggande värderingar och samhällets krav göra företag lönsamma.Vi anser också att den i Sverige lagliga metoden positiv särbehandling bör tillämpas i större utsträckning i privata företag för att påskynda utvecklingen. En lag om kvotering av kvinnor i styrelserna, tror vi också kommer att införas. Eventuella farhågor att kvinnor skulle komma i majoritet i styrelserna med denna metod kan avfärdas, eftersom kvotering av en underrepresenterad grupp upphör av sig själv, när målet är uppnått. Sammanfattningsvis redovisar vi åtgärder, som bidrar till en livskraftig, tillförlitlig och bestående förändring, när det gäller målet att få fler kvinnliga verkställande direktörer. / Program: Civilekonomprogrammet

This thesis explores gender-related barriers in CEO successions. Only 4% of Fortune 500 CEOs are female despite the fact that women have held the majority of college degrees in the US since the late 1990's and now comprise almost half of the workforce and the majority of managerial positions. Their representation is low even in comparison to the other two top management positions from which CEOs are typically sourced. It is less than one-third of the percentage of both female executive officers (15%) and board directors (17%). A holistic and qualitative research approach was utilized. Data were gathered on societal, individual and organizational factors through one-on-one, semi-structured interviews with board directors, executive search consultants and female CEOs, and analyzed using computer-assisted coding software. This thesis challenges the perception that women's individual barriers are the main reason why there are so few female CEOs. While all three types of barriers were found, organizational barriers appear to be the most important. The convergence of predominately male board directors, CEOs and top executive search consultants with informal, subjective, secretive and disparate talent management and CEO successions programs effectively results in the CEO position being a better fit for men than women. While moderating factors were beneficial to the women who have become CEOs, many factors were found for why they cannot be relied upon to greatly increase the number of female CEOs. A deliberate and comprehensive effort by society, individuals and organizations is required.