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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Ecologia e hist?ria natural de lagartos Gymnophthalmidae em ?rea serrana do semi?rido brasileiro

Ribeiro, Matheus Meira 26 June 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-12-04T21:10:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MatheusMeiraRibeiro_DISSERT.pdf: 2262615 bytes, checksum: 5662dbed314c2e188fa6793a4b519635 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-12-08T19:26:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MatheusMeiraRibeiro_DISSERT.pdf: 2262615 bytes, checksum: 5662dbed314c2e188fa6793a4b519635 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-08T19:26:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MatheusMeiraRibeiro_DISSERT.pdf: 2262615 bytes, checksum: 5662dbed314c2e188fa6793a4b519635 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-26 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / A fam?lia Gymnophthalmidae est? distribu?da desde o sul do M?xico ao norte da Argentina, ocorrendo tamb?m em regi?es do Caribe e algumas ilhas continentais da Am?rica Central e do Sul; atualmente, 87 esp?cies desta fam?lia ocorrem no Brasil e 15 destas com distribui??o conhecida para a Caatinga. Dentre as esp?cies da Caatinga, algumas t?m ampla distribui??o nas diferentes fitofisionomias, especialmente em ambientes mais r?sticos, a exemplo de Vanzosaura multiscutata, enquanto outras s?o reconhecidas como tendo distribui??o relictual em ?reas de clima mais ameno, geralmente em ambientes serranos com predomin?ncia de vegeta??o arb?rea, como ? o caso de Anotosaura vanzolinia. Considerando que, durante onze anos de estudos sobre a herpetofauna de ?rea de Caatinga stricto sensu da Depress?o Sertaneja setentrional no Rio Grande do Norte, foi registrada apenas V. multiscutata, e que, com amplia??o desses trabalhos para ?reas Serranas e/ou com vegeta??o arb?rea e clima mais ameno (?reas de exce??o ou Caatinga lato sensu) da Para?ba e Rio Grande do Norte, registraram-se tamb?m A. vanzolinia, este trabalho buscou ampliar e aprofundar o conhecimento sobre a ecologia e hist?ria natural destas esp?cies para identificar poss?veis fatores que justifiquem suas distribui??es. Foram realizadas duas expedi??es, com dura??o de vinte dias cada, ? ?rea Serrana de Caatinga no Rio Grande do Norte, nos meses de mar?o e setembro de 2014. Utilizando busca ativa e armadilhas de intercepta??o e queda, foram coletados 38 esp?cimes de V. multiscutata e 18 de Anotosaura vanzolinia. Devido ? diferen?a nas amostras, foram analisados o uso do espa?o (habitat e microh?bitats), ecologia t?rmica e dieta para cada esp?cie. A utiliza??o do habitat foi similar, mas V. multiscutata foi encontrada em ambientes com solo exposto. Para ambas as esp?cies constataram-se correla??es positivas entre as temperaturas corporais e as do substrato e do ar, enquanto correla??es negativas entre as temperaturas corporais e as porcentagens de umidade relativa. Vanzosaura multiscutata e A. vanzolinia demonstraram similaridade quanto ? dieta, com ambas se alimentando predominantemente de insetos, com maiores ?ndices de import?ncia para Hymenoptera/Formicidae (Ix= 29,6 e Ix= 40,1; respectivamente). Os maiores volumes das presas consumidas por V. multiscutata foi Blattaria (36,8%) e por A. vanzolinia foi Hymenoptera/Formicidae (22,8%). Os resultados deste trabalho justificam parcialmente os padr?es de distribui??o conhecidos para estas esp?cies, al?m de ampliar e aprofundar o conhecimento sobre v?rios aspectos da ecologia e hist?ria natural de lagartos gimnoftalm?deos no semi?rido brasileiro. / The Gymnophtalmidae family is distributed from South Mexico to North Argentina, also occurring in the Caribbean region and in some continental islands of Central and South Americas; currently, 87 species from this family occur in Brazil, 15 of which have a known distribution along the Caatinga. Among the Caatinga species, some have a wide distribution in the different phytophysiognomies, particularly in more rustic environments, Vanzosaura multiscutata for example, while others are known for having a relictual distribution in areas with milder climate, generally in mountain environments where arboreal vegetation is predominant, as is the case for Anotosaura vanzolinia. Considering that during eleven years of studies on the Caatinga herpetofauna stricto sensu on the Northern Hinterland Depression in Rio Grande do Norte, only V. multiscutata was recorded and with the expansion of these works to Mountain areas and/or with arboreal vegetation and milder climate (exception areas or Caatinga lato sensu) in Para?ba and Rio Grande do Norte, A. vanzolinia was recorded, this work aimed to expand and deepen knowledge on the ecology and natural history of these species in order to identify possible factors that may justify their distribution. Two 20 days expeditions were conducted to each Mountain Caatinga area in Rio Grande do Norte, during the months of March and September 2014. Using active search and pitfall traps, 38 specimens of V. multiscutata and 18 of Anotosaura vanzolinia were collected. Considering the difference in samples, space use (habitat and microhabitats), thermal ecology and diet were analyzed for each species. Habitat use was similar, but V. multiscutata was found in environments with exposed grounds. For both species, positive correlations were found between body temperature and substrate and air temperatures, while negative correlations were found between body temperature and relative humidity percentages. Vanzosaura multiscutata and A. vanzolinia showed similarities regarding diet, with both feeding predominantly of insects, with greater importance rates for Hymenoptera/Formicidae (Ix= 29.6 e Ix= 40.1; respectively). Highest prey consumption volumes by V. multiscutata was Blattaria (36.8%) and by A. vanzolinia was Hymenoptera/Formicidae (22.8%). This works results partially confirmed the distribution patterns known for both species, aside from expanding and deepening knowledge on various aspects regarding ecology and natural history of gymnophthalmids lizards in the Brazilian semiarid region.
2

Ecologia comportamental de tropidurus Hispidus e Tropidurus Semitaeniatus (Squamata, Tropiduridae) em Simpatria, em ?rea de caatinga do nordeste do Brasil.

Ribeiro, Leonardo Barros 19 March 2010 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:36:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LeonardoBR_TESE_Cap_II_III.pdf: 677404 bytes, checksum: 247b1251f8d1d16cb41bf4f8ec2f3c18 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-19 / Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte / This study evaluated the spatial, time and alimentary niches of Tropidurus hispidus and Tropidurus semitaeniatus in sympatry in a caatinga of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, as well as their foraging and termoregulatory behaviors, the activity body temperature and their reproductive and fat body cycles. Monthly excursions, from October 2006 to May 2008, were conducted at the Ecological Station of the Serid? (ESEC Serid?), Serra Negra do Norte municipality, using specific methodology for investigation of the aforementioned objectives. The two species presented similarities in space niche use, mainly in rocky habitat, however they differed in vertical microhabitat use with T. hispidus using a larger vertical microhabitat range. In the dry season the time of activity of both species was bimodal. In the wet season T. semitaeniatus showed a unimodal activity period, while T. hispidus maintained an bimodal activity period. In terms of importance in the diet, to both species, Hymenoptera/Formicidae and Isoptera predominated during the dry season. In the wet season, although Hymenoptera/Formicidae had larger importance among the prey items, lizards opportunistically predated on Lepidoptera larvae, Coleoptera larvae/adults and Orthoptera nymphs/adults. The foraging intensity revealed differences between the species, mainly in the wet season, when T. semitaeniatus was more active than T. hispidus. The mean activity body temperature of T. semitaeniatus was significantly higher than that of T. hispidus. The thermoregulatory behavior showed that during the dry season T. hispidus and T. semitaeniatus spent more time in shade or under filtered sun. In the wet season, T. hispidus did not show differences in the amount of time spent among the light exposure locations, however T. semitaeniatus spent most of their time exposed to direct sun or filtered sun. The reproductive cicle of T. hispidus and T. semitaeniatus occurred from the middle of the dry season to the beginning of the wet season. In both species, female reproductive activity was influenced by precipitation, whereas males exhibited spermatozoa in their testes throughout the year, and their reproductive activity was not related with any of the climatic variables analysed. In the two species, the fat storage varied inversely with reproductive activity, and there was no difference in fat body mass between females and males. We concluded that the segregation between T. hispidus and T. semitaeniatus in this caatinga area occurs in vertical space use, in the largest vagility of T. hispidus in microhabitat use and larger range size of their alimentary xviii items. Additionally, significant seasonal differences in relation to the activity period, body temperature, and foraging and termoregulatory behaviors between these two Tropidurus species facilitate their coexistence. / Este estudo avaliou o uso dos recursos espacial, temporal e alimentar por Tropidurus hispidus e Tropidurus semitaeniatus em simpatria em uma caatinga do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil, bem como seus comportamentos de forrageamento e termorregulat?rio, suas temperaturas corp?reas em atividade e seus ciclos reprodutivos e de gordura corp?rea. Excurs?es mensais, de outubro de 2006 a maio de 2008, foram realizadas ? Esta??o Ecol?gica do Serid? (ESEC Serid?), munic?pio de Serra Negra do Norte, com utiliza??o de metodologia espec?fica para a investiga??o dos objetivos acima mencionados. As duas esp?cies apresentaram similaridades no uso do nicho espacial, especialmente no h?bitat rochoso; contudo, elas diferiram no uso vertical do micro-h?bitat com T. hispidus usando uma faixa vertical maior do micro-h?bitat. Na esta??o seca o per?odo de atividade de ambas as esp?cies foi bimodal. Na esta??o chuvosa, a atividade de T. semitaeniatus mostrou um per?odo unimodal, enquanto T. hispidus manteve uma atividade bimodal. Em termos de import?ncia na dieta, para ambas as esp?cies, os Hymenoptera/Formicidae e Isoptera predominaram na esta??o seca. Na esta??o chuvosa ainda que os Hymenoptera/Formicidae continuaram a ter maior import?ncia entre os itens alimentares, os lagartos predaram oportunisticamente larvas de Lepidoptera, larvas/adultos de Coleoptera e ninfas/adultos de Orthoptera. A medida de intensidade de forrageamento revelou diferen?as entre as esp?cies, especialmente na esta??o chuvosa, quando T. semitaeniatus foi mais ativo do que T. hispidus. A temperatura corp?rea m?dia em atividade de T. semitaeniatus foi significativamente superior a de T. hispidus. O comportamento termorregulat?rio mostrou que, durante a esta??o seca, T. hispidus e T. semitaeniatus gastaram mais tempo expostos ? sombra ou sob sol filtrado. Na esta??o chuvosa, T. hispidus n?o mostrou diferen?as no tempo gasto entre os locais de exposi??o ? luz, contudo T. semitaeniatus esteve a maior parte de seu tempo exposto ao sol ou sob sol filtrado. A reprodu??o de T. hispidus e T. semitaeniatus ocorreu entre a metade da esta??o seca e o in?cio da esta??o chuvosa. Em ambas as esp?cies, a atividade reprodutiva das f?meas foi influenciada pela precipita??o, enquanto os machos apresentaram espermatoz?ides nos test?culos ao longo de todo o ano, e sua atividade reprodutiva n?o foi relacionada com nenhuma das vari?veis clim?ticas analisadas. O estoque de gordura corp?rea variou inversamente com a atividade reprodutiva nas duas esp?cies, e n?o houve diferen?a entre f?meas e machos quanto a massa dos corpos adiposos. Conclu?mos que xvi a segrega??o entre T. hispidus e T. semitaeniatus nesta ?rea de caatinga ocorre no uso vertical do espa?o, na maior vagilidade de T. hispidus na utiliza??o de micro-h?bitats e maior amplitude de tamanho de seus itens alimentares. Adicionalmente, diferen?as sazonais significativas em rela??o ao per?odo de atividade, temperatura corp?rea, e comportamentos de forrageamento e termorregulat?rio entre essas duas esp?cies de Tropidurus, possibilitam a coexist?ncia.

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