Climate change poses a significant challenge to economies throughout the world; understanding its potential economic impacts at the regional level is important for making informed policy decisions and mapping out effective adaptation strategies. This thesis examines the long-run effect of climate change in Sweden, an environmentally diverse, developed country with ambitious sustainability goals. By using a half-panel Jackknife Fixed Effect (HPJ-FE) method that estimates the effect of deviations in temperature and precipitation from long-run historical norms on the growth of different county-level economic performance indicators between 1968 and 2021. The study suggests that deviations in temperature have a positive effect on the growth rates of real GRP, real GRP per capita, and employment in Sweden, while productivity sees a negative effect. The results are compared to the United States and suggest that Sweden is seeing fewer negative effects and adapting faster to climate change than the United States.

<p>This research combines the economic contribution analysis of hardwood industries in Indiana and the economic impact analysis of furbearer hunting and trapping in Indiana. This research employs input-output analysis using Impact Analysis for Planning (IMPLAN) software. </p>

In recent years, madrassahs and their education systems in many developing countries - and specifically in Pakistan - have attracted much attention from researchers and policymakers at the local and international level. The main focus has been on the reform of madrassahs, their political activism and, more specifically, studies which attempted to investigate their alleged links with militancy. Moreover, madrassah education has been questioned for its relevance to the contemporary needs of individuals and societies. However, despite focusing on many dimensions of madrassahs, few studies have tried to understand madrassah education within the economic, socio-religious and cultural context of Pakistan. A number of publications have reached generalised conclusions about the madrassah education system in Pakistan. Inspired by this, and by adopting qualitative research methods, this study focused on two main research questions:(a) Why do people prefer a madrassah education and what type of factors shape their preference? (b) What are the socio-economic impacts of a madrassah education on individuals and at community level? Researcher conducted a field study of more than six months in the Chach (Attock) region of Pakistan. Different students, parents, madrassah teachers and key informants were interviewed to collect required informations. The findings of the study revealed that different economic backgrounds, parental religious interests, individuals¿ personal religious interests, and social norms and cultural values shape preferences for a madrassah education. Moreover, this study also revealed that there exist various socio-economic impacts of a madrassah education on individuals and at community level. However, a madrassah education has often caused conflict in communities. The study shows that while a madrassah education creates barriers to achieving modern skills and incomes, its social benefits are valuable for those living within socio-cultural constraints in rural areas. Specifically, it enhances the social status and agency of women. The study also shows that madrassah education is an opportunity for those who otherwise would have no other option to study. This study concludes that there is a need to re-think madrassah education within the economic, social, cultural and religious context of Pakistan. This study has practical implications for practitioners, madrassahs and researchers, and it also suggests further research related to madrassah education.

The timberlands in the South provide a large resource base for forest-based industry. This resource base is utilized to provide major contributions to the southern economy. Aruna et al. (1997) examined southern forest-based industry economic contributions from the early 1990?s. This study examined the change in economic contributions primarily using 2001 data. In 1992, southern forest-based industries provided 633,367 (full- and part-time) jobs and this increased to 718,176 in 2001, accounting for only 1.3% of the total employment in the South versus 1.5%. Forest-based earnings in the South experienced a real increase of $181 million (1990 dollars) from 1990 to 1998 and accounted for 1.7% of total southern U.S. earnings in both years. The value of shipments attributed to southern forest-based industries increased $22.8 billion in real 1991 dollars which translated into a real increase of $11.0 billion (1991 dollars) in valueded between 1991 and 2001. In 2001, value of shipments increased to 9.6% of the South?s total from 7.8% in 1991 and valueded increased from 8.0% in 1991 to 9.1% in 2001. Although there were increases in the economic contributions of southern forest-based industries, overall there was little in the way of relative change over this time period.

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An analysis of the green industry of Virginia was completed in the year 2002 using a mail survey sent to industry participants. The survey was conducted by the Virginia Agricultural Statistics Service (VASS). This data was used to run an economic impact analysis of the industry using IMPLAN Professional software. Additionally, the software was used to determine the approximate affects of drought and water restrictions on the green industry. VASS received a total of 1,146 surveys for a response rate of approximately 27%. Of these responses, 42 surveys indicated that they plan to have future green industry sales but were not presently involved in the business. Another 525 responses claimed to be no longer actively involved in the industry. Therefore, the actual response rate was much closer to 15%. This necessitated the use of numerous alternative data sources to create a more complete model representation of the green industry as a whole. Two separate model scenarios were created, the first using purely survey response data, the second including data from additional sources and factoring out for possible double-counting errors. Direct employment generated from the industry was predicted to be between 29 and 36 thousand jobs, depending on which model scenario is consulted. The total economic impacts predicted from the different models are $2.03 billion and $2.41 billion, respectively. The analysis of the affects of drought and water restrictions predicted a decrease in overall impacts by 33% and 23%, respectively. / Master of Science

<p>U okviru disertacije, razvijen je model upravljanja otpadom na nivou regiona Novi Sad, kori&scaron;ćenjem analize tokova materijala i diskontovanih novčanih tokova. Model omogućava da se na osnovu identifikovanih količina otpada, koje je potrebno tretirati kako bi se ispunili ciljevi propisani Direktivama Evropske unije (EU), kvantifikuje uticaj upravljanja otpadom na životnu sredinu kroz emisiju CO2 eq. u atmosferu. Na osnovu identifikovanih količina otpada, model omogućava procenu investicionih i operativnih tro&scaron;kova postrojenja za tretman otpada. Dobijene ekonomske vrednosti mogu se optimizovati kako bi se uspostavio ekonomski održiv sistem upravljanja otpadom na dug rok uvođenjem naknade za tretman otpada. Razvijeni model i dobijeni podaci omogućavaju definisanje budućeg pravca razvoja sistema upravljanja otpadom u regionu čijom implementacijom bi se smanjio negativni uticaj na životnu sredinu, uspostavio ekonomski održiv sistem i ispunili ciljevi EU.</p> / <p>Using the method of analysis of material flows and discounted cash flows a<br />model for waste management for the Novi Sad Waste Management Region is<br />developed. Using the identified waste quantites in the region, model estimates<br />the waste quantites in order to meet the objectives in the Directives of the<br />European Union (EU) and quantify their impact on environment through the<br />emission of CO2 eq. in the atmosphere. In addition, based on the identified<br />amount of waste, the model estimates investment and operational costs of<br />waste treatment plants. Obtained economic values in the model can be<br />optimized in order to establish a waste management system that is<br />economically sustainable introducing the gate fee. The developed model could<br />be used as a tool for development of waste management system in the region<br />which will reduce the negative impact on the environment, will be economically<br />sustainable and fulfill the objectives of the EU Directives.</p>

This research has developed an assessment model and framework to measure cascading economic impacts in terms of gross domestic product (GDP) loss due to severe weather-induced power outages. The major objectives of this research were to (1) identify physical correlations between different industries within an economic system, (2) define deterministic relationships through the values of interconnectedness and interdependency between 71 industries, (3) complete probabilistic estimation of economic impacts using historical economic data spanning from 1997 to 2016, and (4) develop an assessment model that can be used in the future to measure economic loss in terms of gross domestic product (GDP) across 71 industries.