Thesis (Ph. D.)--Texas Tech University, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 164-174).

No description available.

published_or_final_version / Transport Policy and Planning / Master / Master of Arts

Acceptance sampling plans by variables are a basic quality control technique. These plans provide economical procedures to determine the acceptability of batches of product. Most of these plans are based on a single quality characteristic and are of the classical type. This work concentrates on Bayesian variable acceptance sampling plans for fraction defective. Both destructive and non-destructive sampling procedures are considered. A set of decision points are estimated and employed to make decisions about the inspected lots. Techniques to dispose of the rejected lots are provided. Components of the expected total cost relative to various decisions are estimated. The sample size required to obtain the expected optimum cost is found. An untrue assumption implicit in the measurement of the quality characteristic of items sampled is that the observed dimensions are error free. The distributions, means, and variances of a set of parameters for error free and error prone sampling is listed. Computer programs written in FORTRAN 77 are developed to compute the decision points and the costs for both destructive and nondestructive testing. Precise Bays estimate of the costs and other economic parameters involve the moments of the fraction defective p raised to the kᵗʰ power. Mathematical expressions for the conditional expectations of p|x and p|ẋ are derived and a computer program to estimate these moments is provided. Producing quality items with minimum cost requires keeping a production process under control. The quality characteristic X of each item produced is determined and the sample means are plotted on an Ẋ-control chart. A production process is assumed to start in control at time t = 0 with specific values of the mean and standard deviation. The occurrence of a single or multiple cause-failures shift the process mean outside the control limits. During the search for the causes of failure, the process is either allowed to continue in operation or shut down until the assignable cause or causes are discovered. The expected duration of time during which the process is shut down and the additional time to be taken to repair the process are considered. Computer programs are provided to estimate the optimal sample size, the interval between successive samples, the control limits, the probability of type I error, the power of the chart, and the average time the process operates in the presence of an assignable cause. The parameters estimated are employed to estimate the optimal loss-cost. The economic design of Ẋ -charts assumes one quality characteristic of interest. However a product quality in most industrial products and processes is characterized by more than one quality characteristic where the application of a Ẋ -control chart for each variable is inappropriate. In this work a Hotellings T² control chart is employed to handle cases of where products are tested relative to several quality characteristics.

In the last three decades of the nineteenth century British capital played a major part in Australian economic development. The flow of capital to the Australian colonies comprised government borrowing on the one hand, and private borrowing by companies on the other. The present study concerns the flow of capital to the private sector of the Australian economy, most which reached the colonies through the medium of finance companies from the mid 'seventies to 1891. The crux of the study are the new estimates of the annual flow of British capital to the private sector of the Australian economy, excluding mining activity (for which estimates are available), in the 'seventies, 'eighties and 'nineties. Capital reached the colonies through a group of powerful finance companies which employed British capital in the Australian pastoral industry. These companies raised most of their funds in Britain in two ways: first, by issuing short-term debenture bonds, and second, by raising deposits. Debentures were issued by pastoral mortgage and investment companies, and deposits were collected by Australian banks. As the available estimates of this flow of capital are wholly inadequate, the present study contributes a new annual series of Australian company borrowing which was calculated directly from balance-sheets and other data, and not by taking a residual of the balance of payments. In addition, a calculation was made, from 1881 to 1891, on an annual basis, of the total burden of indebtedness of the Australian colonies accruing from government borrowing and this form of company borrowing.

My dissertation studies political economy issues in the development of China. Chapter 1 lies in the intersection of urban economics and political economy. This chapter exploits plausibly exogenous variation generated by a unique national policy in China that requires all residential buildings to receive sufficient hours of sunshine to study a central question in urban economics, namely, whether urban density facilitates the diffusion of information. The policy creates higher degrees of restriction on density at higher latitudes, where longer shadows require buildings to be further apart. Data on individual housing projects across China reveal that the cross-latitude variation in regulatory residential Floor Area Ratio can be described quite well by a formula linking structure density to latitude through the solar elevation angle. These differences in building density further induce differences in population density and land prices across latitudes. Using differential topic dynamics on a national petition platform to measure information diffusion, this chapter shows that people respond to shifts in government attention with varying speeds across latitudes. Increases in local government reply rate to a topic raises the volume of subsequent posts on the same topic, exhibiting an S-shaped time trajectory consistent with local information diffusion about shifting government priorities. These responses are systematically faster in southern cities, where density is higher. Survey evidence further indicates that otherwise similar individuals are more likely to gossip about public issues in a southern city. Chapter 2, coauthored with Junyan Jiang and Tianguang Meng and forthcoming at the journal Governance, examines the flip side of the interaction between local governments and citizens studied in Chapter 1. This chapter studies the response of government policies to opinions expressed online. We address this question by studying the patterns and consequences of online participation at a major electronic petition platform in China. Content analysis of around 900,000 petitions reveals that a substantial share of them concern lower-class issues and are originated from less developed rural and suburban areas. Linking variations in petition volumes to an original dataset of government policy priorities, we further show that online participation led governments to place greater emphasis on social welfare policies and to increase the coverage of a key low-income assistance program. These results underscore the potential of online participation as an important mechanism to improve the quality of governance. Chapter 3, coauthored with Amit Khandelwal, Suresh Naidu and Heiwai Tang, turns to a systematic examination of China's reform process. We apply natural language processing methods to analyze a comprehensive corpus of 1.4 million legal documents issued by the Chinese government at central and local levels since 1949, and measure their market orientation in a data-driven fashion. We document an active introduction of market-oriented legal infrastructure from the mid-1980s to around 2000, which slowed down in the last fifteen years. These dynamics are present within fine-grained policy domains. We find that the market orientation of policies explains just an extra 2% of provincial variation in GDP per capita growth beyond province and time fixed effects. Variable selection based on richer representations of the text exhibits similarly limited predictive power for provincial growth. Taken together, these findings suggest the importance of studying the informal arrangements between market participants and government officials.

稿本 / 論文(碩士)--香港中文大學硏究院新聞傳播學部,1992. / 參考文獻: leaves 83-85 / 朱儉國. / 目錄 / 圆表目錄 / Chapter 第一章 --- 電信與經濟發展 ---趨向於理論的形成 --- p.1-19 / Chapter 1.1 --- 前言 --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- 電信與經濟發展之理論來源 --- p.4 / Chapter 1.3 --- 電信與經濟發展研究的基本內容 --- p.10 / Chapter 1.4 --- 電信與經濟發展關係中的基本假設 --- p.14 / 註釋 --- p.16 / Chapter 第二章 --- 有關電信與宏觀經濟效益之文獻 --- p.20-33 / Chapter 2.1 --- 西方學者對這一課題的研究 --- p.20 / Chapter 2.2 --- 中國學者對電信業之宏觀經濟效益的研究 --- p.30 / 註釋 --- p.32 / Chapter 第三章 --- 電信與經濟發展關係研究 ----上海個案 --- p.34-62 / Chapter 3.1 --- 研究的對象和假設 --- p.34 / Chapter 3.2 --- 上海電信事業發展史略 --- p.37 / Chapter 3.3 --- 資料的收集和整理 --- p.43 / Chapter 3.4 --- 研究方法 --- p.50 / Chapter 3.5 --- 運算結果 --- p.54 / 註釋 --- p.60 / Chapter 第四章 --- 探討和總結 --- p.63-82 / Chapter 4.1 --- 探討 --- p.63 / Chapter 4.2 --- 總結 --- p.76 / 註釋 --- p.81 / 參考書目 --- p.83-85

Law, Wai Hin. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 98-109). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract / Table of Content / List of Abbreviation / Preface / Chapter Chapter One --- Introduction / Chapter 1.1 --- Aim of Study / Chapter 1.2 --- Theoretical approach / Chapter 1.3 --- Methodology / Chapter 1.4 --- Significance / Chapter Chapter Two --- Theory / Chapter 2.1 --- International Political Economy (IPE) / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Mainstream IPE / Chapter 2.1.2 --- New IPE / Chapter 2.2 --- About theorizing change of the Greater Pearl River Delta / Chapter 2.3 --- Region / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Globalization / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Regional integration / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Regional integration in East Asia / Chapter 2.3.4 --- Sub-regional integration in East Asia / Chapter 2.4 --- National and sub-national Politics and centre-local relation: China / Chapter 2.5 --- Summary / Chapter Chapter Three --- Substantive Focus: the integration of the GPRD from the early 1980s to2004 / Chapter 3.1 --- The integration of Hong Kong/Macau and the Pearl River Delta before / Chapter 3.2 --- A period of break between 1997-2001 / Chapter 3.3 --- A new phase of development starting from 2002 / Chapter Chapter Four --- Evaluation of New International Political Economy / Chapter Chapter Five --- Conclusion

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