This thesis deals with public procurement of mobile network operators services and analysis of institutional and procedural characteristics under which public authorities are able to reach lower prices than regular retail customers. The applied model attempts to explain a variation in final price of high consumption mobile services consumer basket. The variation is explained as a function of estimated price of consumer basket, year of tender, length of contract, supplier, governance structure of public authority, number of bidders and use of electronic auction. The results indicate that usage of electronic auction brings lower final price of mobile services by 8.6 %, T-Mobile is more expensive than O2 and Vodafone on average by 8 % and each additional bidder decreases the final price on average by 6.1 %. We found that there exists statistically significant difference in the final price with respect to type of public authority. The final price of mobile services is decreasing in time, on average by 9 % per year. Together with insignificance of the variable measuring length of contract, it follows that long term contracts are not cost-efficient.

Public tenders procedure - a dynamic purchase system and electronic auction The purpose of public tenders is to serve as an instrument of effective and efficient distribution of public funds, in order to acquire specific goods or services in accordance with the public interest. Therefore, the law defines the process of awarding public tenders. The main purpose of this thesis is to explore and analyze the electronization of the public tenders procedure with an emphasis on dynamic purchase systems and electronic auction. The thesis is based on the current provisions of the Act on Public Tenders No. 137/2006 Coll., and is divided into seven chapters. Chapter one focuses on evolution of public tenders, or public procurement, providing a brief historical outline with an emphasis on national legal regulations. Chapter two explores public procurement law regulations in force that are significant in relation to the aim of the thesis. The first part of the chapter highlights the most important legal documents on the international level, and the second part proceeds with an overview of European Union law. Part three presents a summary of the Act on Public Tenders in force. The third chapter contains a definition of the most essential terms of the Act. Part one deals with the instrument of the public tender...

I am dealing with implementation of auction system for internet presentation of art gallery in my dissertation. Advertising agency CCD Media Ltd had given an order for solution. In all sphere of business is trend of implementing of auctions, especially electronic in present. Sale of art cannot avoid this trend. Wi will find out advantages of this solution in use.

This article describes the creation and operation of a market that has been functioning since very recently in the country. It shows the stages for the implementation of this market, which begins with bilateral agreements to sell natural gas and transportation capacity between the actors involved, and later gives way to day-to-day electronic auctions. Additionally, this article shows the main contractual provisions which are often incorporated into bilateral agreements for the transference of transportation capacity. Finally, two important deficiencies that appeared in these years of operation will be analyzed, such as the restrictionon the transference of volumes of natural gas, and the exclusion from this market of capacity surpluses of the service of distribution of natural gas through pipelines that is contracted by consumers. / El presente artículo describe la creación y funcionamiento de un mercado que viene funcionando hace muy poco tiempo en el país. A través de este artículo se podrá conocer las etapas para la implementación de este mercado que se inicia con acuerdos bilaterales de venta de gas natural y capacidad de transporte entre los agentes participantes, para posteriormente dar paso a las subastas electrónicas del día a día. Asimismo, se conocerá las principales disposiciones contractuales que suelen incorporarse en los acuerdos bilaterales de transferencia de capacidad de transporte. Finalmente, se analizarán dos deficiencias importantes ocurridas en estos años de funcionamiento, como son la restricción para la transferencia de volúmenes de gas natural y la no inclusión en este mercado de excedentes de capacidad del servicio de distribución por redes de ductos contratado por los consumidores.

nÃo hà / O objetivo da presente dissertaÃÃo à medir os impactos da introduÃÃo da modalidade do PregÃo EletrÃnico na PolÃtica de Compras Governamentais do Estado do CearÃ, buscando verificar se o fato resultou em economia para os cofres pÃblicos, como tambÃm estimar a agilidade do tempo de conclusÃo dos processos licitatÃrios. Para tanto se buscou estabelecer uma comparaÃÃo entre a economia gerada pelas modalidades de Carta Convite e Tomada de PreÃo em perÃodo anterior ao PregÃo (1994/1999) e apÃs este (2007/2010). Para estimar a eficÃcia do pregÃo eletrÃnico com as supracitadas modalidades de licitaÃÃo foram utilizados dados obtidos com a aquisiÃÃo de bens da mesma natureza nos ÃrgÃos pÃblicos estaduais, e tambÃm pesquisa nos sites do MinistÃrio do Planejamento, OrÃamento e GestÃo, e do Sistema do Banco do Brasil. Utilizou-se para anÃlise, estatÃstica de regressÃo simples linear. O modelo proposto utilizou trÃs variÃveis: preÃo de aquisiÃÃo, tempo de permanÃncia do processo e nÃmero de participantes, e uma dummy de qualidade. Analisando estas variÃveis, verifica-se que o tempo de permanÃncia e que o nÃmero de participantes nÃo sÃo estatisticamente relevantes para o preÃo de aquisiÃÃo, demonstrando que a modalidade da licitaÃÃo nÃo aparece como fator determinante da eficiÃncia. Jà a dummy de qualidade mostrou efeito positivo sobre a aquisiÃÃo de bens de tecnologia. / The purpose of this paper is to measure the impact of the introduction of Electronic Auction mode in Government Procurement Policy of the State of CearÃ, seeking to verify the fact resulted in savings for the public coffers, but also estimate the speed of the completion time of processes bidding. For that we sought to establish a comparison between the savings generated by the modalities of Invitation Letter and Decision-Price in the period prior to Auction (1994/1999) and after that (2007/2010). To estimate the efficiency of electronic trading with the above methods of procurement used data obtained with the purchase of the same nature in the public state, and also research in sites, the Ministry of Planning, Budget and management and System of the Bank of Brazil. Was used for analysis, simple linear regression statistics. The proposed model used three variables: purchase price, length of stay and number of process participants, and a dummy of quality. Analyzing these variables, it appears that the length of stay and the number of participants are not statistically significant for the purchase price, showing that the mode of bidding does not appear as determinant of efficiency. Since the dummy showed positive effect of quality on the acquisition of property.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:19:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2006 - Juliane Furtado Novaes.pdf: 1064690 bytes, checksum: e6ffa093f2f61ec15d9fd82cda994c93 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-08-29 / With the Internet appearance, the business' world is passing for constant transformations. To compete in the "new economy", the administrators had remodeled the business' process, modifying the form of relationship between the several sectors: companies, governments and citizens. Until now, the citizens had always considered that the governments were bureaucratic, inefficient and they did not guarantee the transparency of its action. With the information's technology, this scene has been passing for changes, so as to guarantee perfect controls, transparency, to make easy administrative proceedings, to extend business chances and to reduce the price of the acquisitions. In Brazil, the electronic government's initiatives are considered successful, mainly of electronic purchases. The purchase's process in the Public Administration is regulated by the 8.666/93 Law and also by others associated laws, that established the norms for process's accomplishment. This work studies the purchase's process of Bank of Brazil - BB, through the modality of electronic auction and has as objective generality: assess the purchases conducted by electronic auction and verify if the process produces economies and transparency guarantee. The electronic auction also is known as auction reverse. In the auction reverse, a purchaser and many salesmen participate at the process and the mechanism operates of inverse form. At each round, the prices move down. The methodology adopted for this work the Study of Case, simple and explanatory. The study talks about data collected at the BB's site, contemplating the processes, realized at differents states: Bras?lia, Esp?rito Santo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and S?o Paulo, at 2005. The data had been subdivided in accordance with the supply branches, so as to analysis the lots, the verification of the percentage of economy gotten in the processes of purchases and the correlation among the amount of suppliers and the percentage of economy. Through this study it was possible to evidence that the acquisition for the modality of "Electronic Auction" presents innumerable advantages for BB, as well as for the Public Administration in general. Amongst the advantages, it can be detached: the agility of the process, the work without bureaucratic, the increase of the competitiveness and, mainly, the reduction of the costs. / Depois do surgimento da Internet, o mundo dos neg?cios est? passando por constantes transforma??es. Para competir na nova economia , os administradores remodelaram os processos de neg?cios, alterando a forma de relacionamento entre os diversos setores: empresas, governos e cidad?os. At? ent?o, os cidad?os sempre consideraram que os governos eram burocr?ticos, ineficientes e n?o garantiam a transpar?ncia de suas a??es. Com o advento da tecnologia da informa??o, esse cen?rio vem passando por mudan?as, que visam aperfei?oar controles, garantir transpar?ncia, desburocratizar processos administrativos, ampliar oportunidades de neg?cios e reduzir o pre?o das aquisi??es. No Brasil, as iniciativas do governo eletr?nico s?o consideradas bem sucedidas, principalmente as de compras eletr?nicas. O processo de compras na Administra??o P?blica ? regulamentado pela Lei 8.666/93 e demais legisla??es associadas, as quais estabelecem as normas para realiza??o dos processos licitat?rios. Este trabalho estuda o processo de compras do Banco do Brasil BB, atrav?s da modalidade de preg?o eletr?nico e tem como objetivo geral: avaliar as compras realizadas atrav?s de Preg?es Eletr?nicos e verificar se o processo produz economias e garante a transpar?ncia. O preg?o eletr?nico tamb?m ? conhecido como leil?o reverso. No leil?o reverso, participam do processo um comprador e diversos vendedores e o mecanismo de lance opera de forma inversa, ou seja, a cada rodada, os pre?os se movimentam para baixo. A metodologia adotada para a disserta??o ? o Estudo de Caso, simples e de vi?s explanat?rio. O estudo trata os dados coletados no site do BB, contemplando os processos licitat?rios, realizados nas seguintes Unidades da Federa??o: Distrito Federal, Esp?rito Santo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro e S?o Paulo, no exerc?cio de 2005. Os dados foram subdivididos de acordo com os ramos de fornecimento, para permitir a an?lise dos lotes, a apura??o do percentual de economia obtido nos processos de compras e a correla??o entre a quantidade de fornecedores e o percentual de economia. Atrav?s deste estudo de caso foi poss?vel constatar que a aquisi??o de bens e servi?os pela modalidade de Preg?o Eletr?nico apresenta in?meras vantagens para o BB, bem como para a Administra??o P?blica em geral. Dentre as vantagens, pode-se destacar: a agilidade do processo licitat?rio, a desburocratiza??o, o aumento da competitividade e, principalmente, a redu??o dos custos.

This thesis deals with the issue of electronic public procurement. The aim of this thesis is to confirm or disprove the following hypotheses. The first hypothesis of this dissertation is the claim that the current legislation constitutes an adequate legal basis for the implementation of electronic public procurement. The second hypothesis states that the electronic public procurement is more efficient and more transparent than the public procurement without electronization. Examining the first hypothesis was chosen in order to determine whether it is necessary to change the law for the possibility of fully electronic public procurement. The second hypothesis, then, in essence asks whether electronization of public procurement improves the efficiency of public procurement and whether it contributes to increase the transparency of public procurement.

Many people still confused and misunderstand the differences between auction types: In fact, we have only two major types of auctions which are the forward auction and Reverse auction[22]. In a forward auction a single seller offers an item for sale with many competitive buyers driving the price upward: In a Reverse Auction, a single buyer wants to purchase a service or an item from many sellers, they drive the price downward: There are many differences between these type of auction: Including the progress of the auctions; winner selection criterion and other factors: The Reverse Auction nowadays is one of the most preferred types of online auctions: It gains popularity rapidly because of representing the buyers' side and helps him to drive prices down in contrary with the forward auction or traditional auction. The aim of this study is to identify the most common types of the Reverse auctions and compare them to one another to determine when should be used by a buyer and propose the most efficient implementation model for some types: The results of this study are: achieve a written report and a small demonstrator model on how to implement English Auction and Second-Sealed bid Auction.