At the turn of the XX and XXI centuries many countries adopted special acts which expressed aspiration to deliver public services by using information and telecommunication technologies (ITT). Despite huge attention to electronic public services form the academic society and the Government, only separate aspects of the electronic public services were analysed in Lithuania. That is why the main goal of this paper was to define a model of electronic public services by formulating a definition of the electronic public services and pointing out the main signs of them, also by showing and describing the main elements of the model of electronic public services and finally by analysing current legal environment and formulating a desired model of legal regulation. Electronic public services is the activity of public administration subjects which is regulated by laws and the main purpose of which is to help legal subjects to execute their rights and obligations at a distance using information and telecommunication technologies by gathering form them and presenting to them data, information and documents. There are four main elements of the model of electronic public services: subjects, technologies, procedures and services. Taking into consideration a fact that procedures play the key role we can formulate three kinds of electronic public services model: “Traditional model”, “Coordination model” and “Transformation model”. All governments start realization of the model of... [to full text]

In the final master‘s paper of public administration some problems are analyzed which are related to electronic public services and their implementation. The object of the research – the public electronic services in the municipalities of Šiauliai district. The purpose of the research – to substantiate the model of implementation of the public electronic services, which tally with the Šiauliai district residents’, municipality employees’ and business subjects’ requirements and to set chances for its practical implementations. The objectives of the research: 1. To define the concept of the public electronic services, their types and regulation in the law regulations of Lithuania and EU. 2. To induct the employees’, residents’ and business subjects’ knowledge about the public electronic services and their demand. 3. To determine the opportunities of implementation model of the public electronic services in the municipalities of Siauliai district. 4. To find out the possibilities of using the electronic public services of the electronic public services consumers’ and suppliers��. The analysis of some laws and scientific literature is set in the theoretical part of this paper. The researched questions are related to the concept of the electronic public services (further – EPS), their demand, significance, necessity, their level of maturity and analysis of distribution. The demand and importance of the electronic public services is researched in the municipalities of... [to full text]

The penitentiary system in Lithuania and European Union is in progress for the present. Attention is giving not for the supervision and surveillance of offenders and treatment control, but for the effective rehabilitation and reintegration back to the society. The main intention of penitentiary system is the contribution for offenders to rehabilitate to the society with paying high attention enable them to use modern information society technologies (IST). Offenders being in closed and opened prisons are separated from society and virtual world, and this is the reason they can not acquire abilities to fill there requirements. The goal of this research is to evaluate facilities of specialisation and offering of e.services for offenders. In this work under consideration are external factors, contributing the implementation and installation of SESFO, presented singularities and differences of them in compare with public e.services. With reference to the EU experience and after the estimation of SESFO utility, 13 e.services for offenders are marked. SESFO are divided according to the national priorities to the four levels of implementation and installation. Investment to the IT of Prison department will give possibilities to equip the internet and intranet access points. For the best results is necessary to create the Programme of motivation and briefing of offenders. An information society technology project is exploring new ways of rehabilitating offenders through the use of... [to full text]

This work analyzes the possible ways for implementing electronical services in cardiology. There are many technologies that can be used to implement electronical services. In this case the WEB page generation and WEB services technology was chosen. There was no appropriate design pattern that matches the requirements. Front Controller is one of the possible problem solutions, but it does not describe any way of distributing the system. Front Controller design pattern is not an appropriate solution when there are huge calculations to be done and expected user count will be growing constantly. Broker design pattern solves this problem, but it has its disadvantage, that every server needs to have a real IP address. One of the constraints in this work is that server does not need to have an external IP address. The proposed broker design pattern implements task distribution through many servers solves the problem that every server does not need external IP address. The system also solves the aviliability problem, so it can handle huge number of users. Theoretical experiments proved that, when the number of users using the system is low, the Front Controller approach is more effective, but when the number of users grows at some point this approach can not handle all the user requests. In this case the proposed Broker design pattern approach solves the problem. The proposed broker design patter was successfully implemented in real life and has been tested to be functional.

This thesis proposed solutions to some shortcomings to current eLearning architectures. The proposed DeLC architecture supports context-aware and adaptable provision of eLearning services and electronic content. The architecture is fully distributed and integrates service-oriented development with agent technology. Central to this architecture is that a node is our unit of computation (known as eLearning node) which can have purely service-oriented architecture, agent-oriented architecture or mixed architecture. Three eLeaerning Nodes have been implemented in order to demonstrate the vitality of the DeLC concept. The Mobile eLearning Node uses a three-level communication network, called InfoStations network, supporting mobile service provision. The services, displayed on this node, are to be aware of its context, gather required learning material and adapted to the learner request. This is supported trough a multi-layered hybrid (service- and agent-oriented) architecture whose kernel is implemented as middleware. For testing of the middleware a simulation environment has been developed. In addition, the DeLC development approach is proposed. The second eLearning node has been implemented as Education Portal. The architecture of this node is poorly service-oriented and it adopts a client-server architecture. In the education portal, there are incorporated education services and system services, called engines. The electronic content is kept in Digital Libraries. Furthermore, in order to facilitate content creators in DeLC, the environment Selbo2 was developed. The environment allows for creating new content, editing available content, as well as generating educational units out of preexisting standardized elements. In the last two years, the portal is used in actual education at the Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, University of Plovdiv. The third eLearning node, known as Agent Village, exhibits a purely agent-oriented architecture. The purpose of this node is to provide intelligent assistance to the services deployed on the Education Pportal. Currently, two kinds of assistants are implemented in the node - eTesting Assistants and Refactoring eLearning Environment (ReLE). A more complex architecture, known as Education Cluster, is presented in this thesis as well. The Education Cluster incorporates two eLearning nodes, namely the Education Portal and the Agent Village. eLearning services and intelligent agents interact in the cluster.

Tyrimo objektas – viešųjų elektroninių paslaugų žemes ūkio subjektams teikimas. Tyrimo tikslas – parengti moksliniais tyrimais pagrįstas elektroninių paslaugų žemės ūkio subjektams teikimo tobulinimo priemones. Tyrimo uždaviniai: 1. Išanalizuoti elektroninių paslaugų teorines koncepcijas. 2. Ištirti ir įvertinti elektroninių viešųjų paslaugų būklę LR valstybinėse ir savivaldos institucijose. 3. Ištirti ir įvertinti elektronines viešąsias paslaugas žemės ūkio subjektams. 4. Parengti elektroninių viešųjų paslaugų žemės ūkio subjektams teikimo tobulinimo priemonių planą. Tyrimo metodai: mokslinės literatūros analizė, dokumentų analizė, lyginamoji analizė, loginės analizės ir modeliavimo metodas, sintezė, palyginimas, indukcija, dedukcija, grafinis vaizdavimas. Tyrimo rezultatai: Pirmoje darbo dalyje pateikti atliktos elektroninių paslaugų koncepcijų, elektroninių paslaugų ir elektroninės valdžios sampratų sąsajų, modelių ir brandumo lygių analizės rezultatai. Antroje darbo dalyje pateikti empirinio tyrimo rezultatai. Nustatyta, kad elektroninės žemės ūkio paslaugos yra sunkiai randamos, nėra skiriamas atskiras elektroninių paslaugų teikėjų dėmesys žemės ūkio subjektams, tačiau sėkmingai veikia ir teikia elektronines paslaugas žemės ūkio subjektams „Žemės ūkio informacijos ir kaimo verslo centro“ internetinis portalas. Trečioje darbo dalyje, remiantis teorinės analizės ir empirinio tyrimo rezultatais, pateiktas sudarytas elektroninių paslaugų žemės ūkio subjektams teikimo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Research object – provision of public electronic services for agricultural subjects. Research aim – to prepare research-based measures for improvement of electronic services provision for agricultural subjects. Objectives: 1. to analyze the theoretical concepts of electronic services; 2. to investigate and assess the state of electronic public services in state and local government institutions of the Republic of Lithuania; 3. to investigate and evaluate electronic public services for agricultural subjects; 4. to prepare plan of improvement measures for electronic public services provision for agricultural subjects. Research methods: analysis and synthesis of literature and documents, comparative analysis, logical analysis and modeling method, synthesis, induction, deduction, graphical representation. Research results: The first part analyzes concepts of electronic services, interface of electronic services and e-government, models and maturity levels of public electronic services. The second part discusses that the electronic services for agricultural subjects are difficult to find, agricultural subjects do not receive a special attention of e-services providers, but "Agricultural Information and Rural Business Center” Web site operates successfully and provides some electronic services to agricultural subjects. The third part, on the basis of theoretical analysis and empirical research, presents plan of improvement measures of electronic public services provision for... [to full text]

A criação de uma gama nova de serviços eletrônicos baseados em tecnologia da informação é uma realidade para as empresas. Serviços deste tipo estão ganhando importância em diversas áreas como a de comércio eletrônico. Em função deste aumento de importância, as empresas vêm dedicando esforços para organizar o desenvolvimento de novos serviços desta natureza de maneira a estarem alinhados com a estratégia das organizações. Também no âmbito acadêmico, o interesse por estudar serviços eletrônicos vem crescendo desde 2004. As áreas de estudo são as mais diversas, sendo a questão do desenvolvimento destes serviços de forma alinhada ao processo de planejamento estratégico um dos principais. Diante deste contexto, prático e acadêmico, este trabalho tem por objetivo avalizar como as empresas brasileiras definem suas estratégias em relação à prestação de serviços eletrônicos. Em havendo a criação do serviço eletrônico, o trabalho também procura avaliar a integração deste serviço com os demais canais, eletrônicos, humanos ou misto entre os dois. Neste contexto, avaliar o papel da tecnologia da informação (TI), ou seja, como a TI participa da decisão e, se for o caso, qual a sua influência no processo de construção do serviço eletrônico. Finalmente, o trabalho procura avaliar também a influência do alinhamento estratégico entre a TI e o negócio no âmbito do processo de criação de novos serviços eletrônicos. De maneira a cumprir com estes objetivos, o trabalho buscou se basear nos construtos teóricos gestão de serviços, gestão de tecnologia da informação e serviços eletrônicos para elaboração de proposições que foram testadas frente a estudos de caso realizados em quatro empresas brasileiras, um banco, uma empresa de telecomunicações, uma empresa de aviação civil e uma empresa de internet. Optou-se pela escolha de quatro casos, de forma que uma quantidade razoável de informações em profundidade pudesse ser obtida sendo também possível o aumento do nível de generalização com o cruzamento dos casos. Ao se discutir os casos frente às proposições de pesquisa o estudo concluiu que: a) melhorar a experiência do cliente habilita a preocupação com novas tecnologias; b) melhorar a experiência do cliente habilita a participação da TI como idealizador do uso de novas tecnologias; c) o controle de custo desativa a preocupação com novas tecnologias e; d) a participação forte da TI habilita a visão estratégica de canais múltiplos, além de um conjunto de outros achados indiretos em função das discussões realizadas. / There is a new type of services based on information technology that is already a reality for companies. These services are gaining importance in several areas like electronic business that is the main focus of this work. Considering the relevance associated with those services, companies are dedicating strategic resources for planning and organizing the development of these new services aligned with corporate strategies. Also in the academic field, the interest for studying these electronic services is growing since 2004. There are several areas of interest, but one of the main ones is related to the alignment of the strategy to the development of such services. Taking this scenario into consideration, this work has the purpose to evaluate how Brazilian companies define their strategy, operates and manages the delivery of electronic services. When creating the electronic service, the work tries to understand the integration of this new service with the other customer contact channels and the related impact of IT organization. In this context, to evaluate the information technology (IT) role, or how IT participates the decision making process to build the electronic service. Finally, the work looks for understanding the influence of the strategic alignment between IT and business in the process of new electronic service development. To accomplish these objectives, it was used service management, information technology management and electronic service as theoretical constructs to build propositions that were tested against case studies conduced in four Brazilian companies from different industry segments: a bank, a telecommunication company, an aviation company and an internet company. Four cases where choose, a good amount of detailed information could be obtained promoting some level of generalization by crossing the cases analysis. While discussing the cases and the propositions the study concluded that: a) improve customer experience make companies concerned with new technologies; b) improve customer experience also makes IT more present on determining how to use new technologies; c) cost control diminishes the concern of the companies on using new technologies and; d) strong IT participation makes multiple channel vision possible. There are also other indirect findings got from the case study discussions.

Globalizacijos ir informacijos komunikacijos technologijų amžiuje, plėtojant informaciją, iš esmės keičiasi e-sveikatos vaidmuo visuomenėje. Prisitaikydamos prie individualizuotų bendruomenių lūkesčių, valdymo institucijos pradeda naudoti naujus lankstesnius e-sveikatos administravimo, viešosios vadybos, inovacijų diegimo principus. Plėtojant informacinę visuomenę kuriama e-sveikatos programa. Šio darbo tikslas – išanalizuoti e-sveikatos raidą šiuolaikinėje visuomenėje ir atskleisti jos administravimo ypatumus bei priemones. Darbe analizuojamas šiuolaikinės e-sveikatos raidos tendencijos, socialinė struktūra bei e-sveikatos viešojo administravimo pokyčiai, užsienio šalių ir Lietuvos e-sveikatos administravimo ypatumai. Naudojami tyrimo metodai: istorinis, statistinė kokybinė ir kiekybinė duomenų analizė, lyginamoji teorijų ir empyrinių duomenų analizė. Atliktas tyrimas parodė, kad diegiant e-sveikatos programą, reikalingas viešojo administravimo efektyvumo didinimas bei dalyvaujamosios demokratijos plėtra. To siekiama naudojant naujus vadybos metodus: skaitmeninis administravimas, elektroninė valdžia, viešosios konsultacijos, viešųjų elektroninių paslaugų teikimas. Kadangi tema Lietuvoje mažai analizuota, ateityje būtų tikslinga pagilinti gautus darbo rezultatus. Gilesnė e-sveikatos administravimo analizė galėtų suformuluoti konkretesnius siūlymus viešojo administravimo efektyvumo ir kokybės kėlimui. Darbo rezultatai gali būti panaudoti kuriant naujas e-sveikatos programas... [to full text] / At the age development information society, globalisation and information-communication technologies role of communities in society is changing. Citizens want to know, to communicate and to influence decision-making. Governance institutions use the new principles of more flexible digital communities. E-health is created in the information society, so the question is how to administrate it, to improve quality of life and to escalate divide between the citizens and governance. The aim of this study is analyse development of e-health in the contemporary society and to present singularities and tools of it administration. In study are analysed e-health tendencies of development communities, e-health like the social structure and it influence on changes of public administration, singularities of administration e-health in Lithuania and foreign countries. The methods of research: historical, misanalysis, care study, statistics analysis of theories and empirical data. The study shows the important role of e-health in governance and public administration, development involved democracy. It is aimed to use new methods and tools of management: digital administration, electronic government, public electronic services, online consultations. E-health divide in Lithuania is decreased by the development of infrastructure, creating digital communities, public Internet access. It would be advisable to deepen results of the study in the future. The results would be used to new e-health... [to full text]

Magistro darbe yra atlikta teorinių šaltinių apie elektroninių viešųjų paslaugų plėtrą analizė, išanalizuoti pagrindiniai dokumentai, reglamentuojantys elektroninių viešųjų paslaugų plėtros galimybes, išsamiai atlikta Šiaulių miesto ikimokyklinio ugdymo įstaigų internetinių svetainių analizė, kuria siekiama įvertinti elektroninių viešųjų paslaugų raiškos situaciją, bei atliktas Šiaulių miesto ikimokyklinio ugdymo įstaigų elektroninių paslaugų vartojimo ir jų poreikio tyrimas. Lietuvoje yra nagrinėjami informacinės visuomenės iššūkiai mokyklai bei universitetui, kompiuterinio raštingumo problemos, informacinių ir komunikacinių technologijų integravimas Lietuvos švietimo sistemoje. Pasirinktos temos naujumą rodo tai, kad akivaizdžiai trūksta tyrimų, nagrinėjančių elektroninių viešųjų paslaugų plėtrą švietimo sistemoje, o ypač ikimokyklinio ugdymo įstaigose. Tyrimo metu gauti rezultatai padėjo išsiaiškinti teikiamų elektroninių paslaugų plėtros galimybes ikimokyklinio ugdymo įstaigose, bei prisidėjo tobulinant elektroninių viešųjų paslaugų teikimą ikimokyklinio ugdymo įstaigose, tuo pačiu modernizuojant visą švietimo sistemą. Patvirtinama autoriaus suformuluota mokslinio tyrimo hipotezė, kad elektroninių viešųjų paslaugų plėtra ikimokyklinio ugdymo įstaigose – sąlyginai naujas, lėtai besivystantis procesas. / This is an analysis of theorycal resourses about electronic public services development in this Master‘s work; also analysis of the main documents regulating the development of the possibilities of public electronic services. Made an exhaustive internet website`s analysis of Siauliai town preschool institutions. It was done for estimation of the situation of the public electonic services. Also was made a research of preschool education institutions with the public electonic usage and requirement. In Lithuania there are under consideration the society of information challenge to the school and university, literacy by computer problems and the technoligies of communication integration in Lithuanian education system. The chosen subject`s freshness shows that all the investigations about the development of the electronic public services in the education system that are already made is still not enought, especially in preschool institutions. The results made by investigation helped to make clearify the development of the public electronic services possibilities in preschool istitutions also contributed by developing electonic public services purvey to peschool systems and modernize the education system. This confirmation is made by author of this research establishment, that the public electronic services in the preschool institutions are conditionally new and slowly developing process.

Electronic services have become a vital part in the implementation of electronic government. Government electronic services are significant tools for effective cooperation in any country between government, authorities, citizens, organisations, and so on. In order to implement these services it is necessary to know possible barriers and obstacles – factors, which can influence on the implementation process. Study in this field of research showed that a well-structured list of the factors that can influence on this implementation process is absent now. The purpose of this research is to identify and collect, analyse and structure different factors that can influence the implementation process of electronic government services. The collected list of factors have studied in the case of Ukraine. This research was conducted within the scope of Master’s level program in Linnaeus University, Sweden. In this research was used the mix method approach. The qualitative study was conducting through literature review and six interviews with people related to electronic government services. At the same time, as quantitative study was a survey with 131 answers from citizens. For analysing and structuring were using the Onion Ring Model of electronic government systems (Heeks, 2006) and the STEPLED analysis. The philosophical worldview of the research paper is social constructivism. During the research, I have studied more than 200 factors from different works of authors, which worked in this field. All collected factors were analysed and adapted in accordance to the Onion Ring Model. In addition, this model was modified by adding interlayers (additional rings) and extended in the Environment ring (with the usage of the STEPLED analysis). From the collected list were highlighted factors that influence on the implementation process in the case of Ukraine.