Recent literature has suggested that global identity and world citizenship are relevant capacities in an increasingly globalizing world. However, these concepts remain understudied. The current study aimed to explore qualities of these concepts with emerging adults and to examine their views of humanity and how these influence their decision-making. Interviews with 20 participants between the ages of 19-25 and a thematic analysis resulted in the identification of a number of themes. Global identity and citizenship, universally intrinsic, implicate global belongingness and stand as opposites to adversarial constructs. Humans, linked as one species sharing common skills, were recognized as essentially interdependent. Participants also depicted a sense of global responsibility and role unawareness in relation to humanity. The findings may serve as a springboard for a future scale development to measure these concepts.

A free and flexible business environment attracts international organisations to those markets that have big growth potential and high profit margins. To penetrate emerging markets is of great interest to any international organisation. The situation gets more intense if it is in the field of telecommunications. Telecommunications (telecoms) and information technology (IT) are generically known as the information and communication technologies (ICT) industries. ICT is one of the fastest growing industries in the world and is also considered among the biggest markets in terms of customer base, growth and profitability. The competition is very high in such markets, so relatively unique, attractive and extraordinary business strategies are usually practiced by these companies. The situation may create an atmosphere of upheavals and uncertainties in such markets. Extraordinary or unethical business policies can not only affect the business of other organisations, but also has some after-effects on societies and the mindset of target nations and market ethics. Organisations are very much engaged with society and work in the social environment, therefore the socio-cultural components is of great importance when designing business strategies. Exploring the facts about emerging markets and by analysing the case of Chinese company Huawei in the Pakistani telecom market, this thesis gives investigates and assess the success factor of this Chinese company. This thesis highlights the upheaval factors of emerging markets, by analysing the role of cultural interests and the mindsets of target nations for organisations planning their strategies

Over the last two decades, the Born Global phenomenon has grown into a fascinating field of internationalization studies. Several perspectives have been studied to enrich this rather new area of business research, however little has been studied in context of the types of economies from where these firms emerge. More especially, insufficient amounts of literature cover the Born Global phenomenon from the emerging market context.   Therefore, the purpose of this thesis is to gain a deeper understanding of this phenomenon from the emerging market context by investigating the factors that influence these born global firms to succeed in their international markets.   We conducted a case study of two companies one from Mexico and another from Ghana. We adopted a qualitative approach for the literature review, data collection and analysis during the course of the study. We also utilized theoretical concepts to build a conceptualized framework to guide our study. Both primary and secondary data sources were used in this research.   Our study revealed five main factors that influence born global firms from emerging economies to succeed in the international scene. These factors are both internal and external and are as follows; strategic management of the firm, networks, product differentiation, technology and markets. We found that the significance of each of the factors’ influence on the companies was specific to type of industry and product/service offering.

Drawing insights from liability of foreignness, the punctuated equilibrium model and the resource-based view, this dissertation develops an integrated model to identify the successful strategies and characteristics of both domestic and foreign firms operating in emerging markets, affected by regulatory punctuations. Accordingly, three research questions are addressed: Why are some foreign firms more likely to survive than other foreign firms? Why are some domestic firms more likely to survive than other domestic firms? Are there any similarities between successful foreign firms and successful domestic firms? Using event-history methodologies and the Mexican banking industry as the unit of analysis, this dissertation shows the following results: Foreign firms (banks) from countries with stronger commercial ties to Mexico (the focal emerging market), were less likely to exit the banking industry. Also, the likelihood of exiting the industry, by a foreign firm, was negatively related to domestic firm (bank) acquisitions. For the domestic firms (banks), there was a positive relationship between international diversification and firm survival and a negative relationship between aggressive (loan) growth and firm survival. Also, marginal support was found about the positive relationship between “grupo” affiliation and firm survival. This research contributes to the extant literature by extending current theories when considering the effect of radical change. For instance, while punctuated equilibrium provides a good “environmental” explanation about a firm’s need to adapt to radical change, it does not suggest how firms should adapt to this change. However, by providing an explanation on how firms suppose to adapt to this radical change, this dissertation had expanded the theoretical implication of the punctuated equilibrium model. Similarly, the present dissertation provides a theoretical extension to liability of foreignness by finding that not all foreign firms face the same liability of foreignness. Lastly, the resource-based view is also extended by this dissertation research, as it is found to have implications for emerging markets firms that are different from foreign developed market firms.

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Abstract This article tries to give out the possible practices for these MNCs¡¦ subsidiaries in Taiwan and the Government of Taiwan to prolong, sustain, and even transform their own capabilities and subsidiaries¡¦ status when facing the raising of emerging market of China. After rearranging lots of articles concerning MNCs, this article take the dyadic view (subsidiary ¡V subsidiary ) to discuss the relationship of the subsidiaries between the two sides. And, this article¡¦s dependent and independent variables are also come from two main research streams of the MNC (i.e. Bartlett and Ghoshal(1989) and Porter(1986)). Through out the two main research streams, this article can not only give practical suggestions for the subsidiaries in Taiwan and the government of Taiwan but also give some theoretical extensions and contributions. Besides, this article also ties to explore the possible types of regional resources allocations in Asia for these MNCs. The practical suggestions following the empirical results are as follows: 1.no matter what the roles of the subsidiaries in Taiwan will be, to maintain a acceptable performance result is important for not only sustain their own status but also contribute to receive new charters. 2. the subsidiaries in Taiwan need to foster their own specialized capabilities, promote internationalization mentality for these higher ranking executives, which can prolong their own advantages edge. 3. social interactions are as important as economic ones. Subsidiaries¡¦ executives need to focus on the cultivation of social capital. 4. good business environment help make integration of value activities, but not necessarily contribute to future status of the subsidiaries between the two sides. 5. government of Taiwan needs to build and maintain infrastructure for helping create subsidiaries¡¦ capabilities. This article also find out four main types of the resources allocations of the MNCs. 1.regional centric: featuring raw materials, manufacturing, product design, human resources being global scale, but finance and marketing being coordinated in southeast Asia region, sales and process design being coordinated in great China region. This type of strategy is similar to Bartlett and Ghoshal(1989)¡¦s international strategy. 2.tansnational centric: featuring product design and process design being coordinated in global scale, marketing and sales being coordinated in regional area. This type of strategy is similar to Bartlett and Ghoshal(1989)¡¦s transnational strategy. 3.global centric: featuring all the value activities are coordinated in global scale, let no one value activity is coordinated in Asia region. This type of strategy is similar to Bartlett and Ghoshal(1989)¡¦s global strategy. 4.regional centric: featuring product design and process design are coordinated in great China region, other value activities like manufacturing, finance management, accounting /law services being also coordinated in great China region. This type of strategy is similar to Bartlett and Ghoshal(1989)¡¦s multidomestic strategy. The meaning of these four types are as follows: 1.regionalized production is not antipode of globalization production. globalization means the linkage of different regional areas. Globalization and regionalization is the same coin of different sides. 2.responding to what Porter(1998) says, global competition is managing the integration of these interrelated and dispersed resources. 3. different types of value activities are dispersed in different regions. Firms need not to concentrate all the activities in one country or region but need tightly coordination. 4. compared to Malnight(2001), this article indicates four types of different strategies which represent different levels of coordination.

Current world economy is impacted by the new and the old economy systems primarily due to high-tech software and hardware products that are constantly emerging to the market place. It has brought many innovations and high efficiencies to people¡¦s daily lives, e.g., the food, clothing, housing and transportation, etc. The influence of this evolution is potentially enormous and such evolution inspires people¡¦s confidence in the current Electronic Age. By reviewing the world¡¦s current economy, it appears that winner¡¦s economy system must rely on both the new and the old economy industries positively. In other words, the new economy has to be established on the foundation of stable traditional industries, and the old economy system must be improved and advanced with the help of the new technology. The basic reason is that the necessities of people¡¦s life are mostly supplied by the traditional industries from the old economy. As an island nation under the trend of the world¡¦s economy, Taiwan¡¦s new and old economy systems are required to be balanced in such a way that mutually one benefits the other. Because of this concern, the new government proposed a ¡§Green Silicon-Island Economical Development Project¡¨, and aggressively launched a ¡§Boosting Traditional Industry Plan¡¨ as well. By cultivating the traditional industries, the new economic technology can prosper accordingly. At this opportunistic juncture, Company A formulated a 5-year business plan to venture into a traditional industry: manufacturing of friction materials. The goal is to raise 4 million USD for starting up a production facility to manufacture and market a wide range of friction materials, in an effort to respond to the Government¡¦s call of boosting traditional industries. The main focuses of the proposed business are to build a solid manufacturing foundation on Taiwan, to market the products to the entire world, and to thrive the business to excellence with technology-based operation and management. The variety of friction materials is overwhelming. In terms of material composition, friction materials can be classified into the following four types: semi-metallic, sintered metallic, paper-based, and carbon fiber-based materials. This proposal explores key issues that are essential to the success of the production of all four types of friction materials. These key issues include: industry infrastructure, market size analysis, marketing strategies, operation networking, risk analysis, and core technical strength. Based on the above analysis, a 5-year financial planning is presented. Detailed analysis for the financial objectives on financial feasibility, cash flow, break-even point, and investment interests are also included. ¡K¡K¡K¡K¡K

The developmental period of adolescence typically refers to the years between 13 and 19, and is associated with developmental tasks that help youth become young adults. The transition to adulthood is typically recognized by common adulthood benchmarks such as leaving home, finishing school, marriage, financial independence and having children. However, many young men and women attending college remain financially and emotionally dependent on their parents, as they have not entered the professional work ranks and are faced with the challenges of college. Increasingly, colleges and universities are becoming places to help teach young people to become prepared for the professional ranks and engaged with the world that surrounds them. However, very little research in higher education is focused on the developmental benefits associated with the college experience. The purpose of this study was to examine the presence of developmental supports for self-determination and initiative in a student leadership program. Throughout the youth development literature, self-determination and initiative are recognized as important internal capacities that aid young people as they transition to adulthood. These concepts provide the theoretical lens for a qualitative case study of a college leadership group. Data were gathered through in-depth semi-structured interviews, observations, a year end focus group, and supplemented by a review of the organizational instruments and tools they develop. Findings from this study confirm past studies of youth development organizations and extend this work by applying it to the developmental period of emerging adulthood. For the leadership group under investigation, initiative and self-determination were supported primarily through the actions of peers within the group. The experience of student leaders often shaped how the group was led, and these leaders became an important source of support for the basic needs of relatedness, competence, and autonomy within the group. The study covers a three-year period, and contrasts how peer leadership changed and impacted group functioning and performance over time. Practical implications of the study relate to the important role of faculty and graduate student advisors in training and monitoring student leaders before these individuals take a formal leadership role for these groups.

Thesis (Th. M.)--Talbot School of Theology, Biola University, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 128-136).

The aim of this thesis is to test whether incorporating principles of responsible investment will have an impact on financial performance when investing in emerging markets. A developed market is included to bring up potential structural differences between emerging and developed markets. Principles of responsible investment suggested by the UN concerns environmental, social, and governance (ESG) issues. The financial performance of highly rated ESG portfolios was evaluated by using the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) and the Fama French 3-factor model. Alpha has been used as the performance measurement. Results reveal that incorporating principles of responsible investment by using a best-in-class approach generates statistically significant and positive alphas in emerging markets, while the developed market of the U.S generates an insignificant alpha.