I två studier undersöktes skillnader I empati beroende på målpersons kön. I studie 1 fick 72 psykologistudenter läsa fyra berättelser där målpersonerna befann sig i besvärliga situationer och upplevde känslorna ilska, skam, rädsla och sorg. Därefter fick deltagarna skatta sin empati. Resultatet öppnade för möjligheten att sorg medförde mer empati för männen och ilska mer empati för kvinnorna. I studie 2 fick därför 101 psykologistudenter läsa en berättelse där målpersonen upplevde ilska eller sorg i en svår situation och därefter skatta sin empati. Resultatet visade en stark tendens att män som känner sorg väcker mer empati än kvinnor och att kvinnor som känner ilska väcker mer empati än kvinnor som känner sorg. Majoriteten av deltagarna var kvinnor. Målpersonens kön, känsloupplevelse och grad av empati verkar ha ett samband då en känsla kan medföra skillnader i empati mellan kön och olika känslor medföra skillnader i empati för kvinnor. / In two studies differences in empathy depending on target person’s gender was examined. In study 1 72 psychology students read four stories describing target persons in troublesome situations who experienced anger, shame, fear and sadness. Thereafter participants estimate their empathy. The results opened for the possibilities that sadness evoke more empathy for men and anger more empathy for women. Therefore in study 2 101 psychology students read a story where a target person experienced sadness or anger in a difficult situation and thereafter estimate their empathy. The result showed strong tendency that men who experiencing sadness evoke more empathy than women and women experiencing anger evoke more empathy than women experiencing sadness. The majority of participants where female. Target persons, gender, emotion and degree of empathy seem to be related when an emotion can bring difference in empathy between gender and different emotions can bring difference in empathy for women.

Inom vården är empati en viktig grund för vårdarbetet. Forskning har visat att om man känner en ökad empati för en person i nöd så ökar tendensen att hjälpa denne. Frågesällningarna var ifall personal blir utmattade i högre grad vid hög empati och om distansering har att göra med hur länge man har arbetat inom sitt yrke. En kvantitativ studie med 109 mentalskötare och undersköterskor påvisade signifikanta skillnader inom yrkena på empati, utmattning och distans. Undersköterskor uppvisade en högre empati än mentalskötare. Hög empati samvarierar med en högre utmattning. Vid distans upptäcktes en signifikant trevägsinteraktion. En intressant framtida forskning vore att jämföra andra yrkeskategorier, så som andra yrken inom den offentliga sektorn på empati, utmattning och distans.   Key words: empathy, subject/object view, care, medical nursing.

There is no abstract available for this thesis.

The study amied to realized the relationship among the adolescents¡¦ moral disengagement¡Voriented ,empathy ¡Voriented, and preference of violent video games experience with bullying behavior. The data was collected by means of questionnaires and participants were grades fifth-grades to twelfth in Tainan and Kaohsiung area.A questionanare including basic data, scale of moral disengagement, scale of empathy, scale of passion, and scale of bullying behavior,and 700 effecitve participants were obtained. Data analysis methods included descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, The study amied to realized the relationship among the adolescents¡¦ moral disengagement¡Voriented ,empathy ¡Voriented, and preference of violent video games experience with bullying behavior. The data was collected by means of questionnaires and participants were grades fifth-grades to twelfth in Tainan and Kaohsiung area. A questionnaire including basic data, scale of moral disengagement, scale of empathy, scale of passion, and scale of bullying behavior, and 700 effective participants were obtained. Data analysis methods included descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, Independent t-test, One-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and Regression Analysis. The results of this study were as follows: 1. In Tainan and Kaohsiung, about 20% of adolescent had suffered cyberbullying, 17% of adolescent had suffered traditional bullying; 11% of adolescent had been bullied in network, and 11% of adolescent had been bullied in campus. Commonly occurred types of traditional bullying are verbal bullying, relational bullying and physical bullying. 2 .39% of adolescents in Tainan and Kaohsiung will choose action to rescue the victim when they encounter the event of bullying. 3. Compared with the female, the male more likely to become the bully/victim; compared with lower grades, higher grades more likely to become the bully/victim; compared with higher qualifications of players more likely to become the bully. 4.The was a significantly positive correlation between the behavior of bully/victim and moral disengagement-oriented; the was a significantly negative correlation between the behavior of bully/victim and empathy-oriented. 5.Bystander attitude is more likely to assistant, the lower degree of moral disengagement. 6.Bystander¡¦s attitude is more inclined to help victims, the lower degree of moral disengagement. 7.Obsessive passion of violent online game, harmonious passion of violent online game, advantages comparison and experience of violent online game are the most significant predictor to predict become the victim of cyberbulling; obsessive passion of violent online game and experience of violent online game are the most significant predictor to predict become the victim of traditional bullying; obsessive passion of violent online game, experience of violent online game and euphemistic labeling are the most significant predictor to precict become the bully of cyberbullying; obsessive passion of violent online game, euphemistic labeling attribution of blame and perspective-taking are the most significant predictor to precict become the bully of traditional bullying.

Thesis (EdD)--Open University.

Project Thesis (D. Min.)--Denver Seminary, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 179-188).

published_or_final_version / abstract / toc / Clinical Psychology / Master / Master of Social Sciences

published_or_final_version / abstract / toc / Education / Master / Master of Education

No description available.

No description available.