This thesis examines the theoretical premises of and ways that macro deliberative approaches to decision making function in application to specific instances of science and technology governance. Macro-level deliberations constitute complex, extended, distributed decision making processes, in contrast to individual micro deliberation exercises undertaken in particular settings. Macro deliberations employ the mechanism of ‘division of labour' in terms of actors, tasks and methods in order to secure the two essential qualities of ‘inclusiveness' and ‘deliberativeness' – thus resolving the inherent tension between number of participants and deep discussion. Accordingly, the thesis focuses on the ways in which this paradoxical mechanism of ‘inclusion by division' functions in macro deliberations. An interrogation of two UK nationwide public deliberation cases – GM Dialogue (on GM crops) and the CoRWM process (on radioactive waste) – sheds light on the significant role of reflexivity in such macro deliberative approaches to decision making. The thesis adopts a triangulated approach towards both documents and interviews employing contending representations to cross-check the one with the other. In considering the ways in which reflexivity constitutes a critical quality of the process and outcome of division of labour in macro deliberations, the thesis argues that the notion of reflexivity is central to explaining how macro deliberation functions: The reflective and self-contingent feature of reflexivity enables participants to explore diverse rationales on division of labour through continuous generation of new rationales; this recursive self-reconfiguration process of rationales on division of labour entails an evolutionary development of division of labour. As division of labour is played out not in a static, exogenous fashion, but through a dynamic, endogenous construction process, reflexivity in real-world macro deliberations illuminates some significant contrasts in the ways that ‘deliberation' and ‘inclusion' take place to those characterised in theory. Indeed, deliberation emerges in practice as more than just open rational dialogue. In order to understand this more fully, it must be seen in terms of diversity of material, social and political interactions, and relationships – referred to here as ‘discursive relations'. In reality, then, inclusion occurs in more emergent ways than intended by design, rather, unfolding as participants engage with each other. In this way, actors' divergent views are cross-reflected and mutually influence each other, not through theoretically-envisaged top-down aggregation but via a kind of endogenous ‘fermentation' process. In this way, reflexivity actually makes macro public deliberation a more effectively inclusive and deliberative decision making process. In short, recognition of this inherent reflexivity in macro deliberations offers practically to aid improved understanding of the complex process of engagement in science and technology governance. It suggests that we would benefit from shifting our attention somewhat away from the direct provision of strictly prescriptive design protocols towards the construction of better general environments for facilitating more reflexivity, which should enable actors to shape their own reflexive deliberation. Then let them brew!

"But you've got to make sure you communicate in the right way [laughs] so that no one else knows what you're talking about. [Laughing]" (Interview I) The study examines the rhetoric of 'racial' exclusion used by South African private recruitment consultants to justify racist practice, criticise employment equity and deny racism. The dilemmatic nature of clients racially based requests is understood in a context that socially and legally forbids "unfair discrimination" and racist practice. The reader is provided with an overview of the legislation as it pertains to recruitment and the psychological study of 'race' in order to locate this study within its historical context. An historical context of segregation and resistance to changes in employment practices. We examine how South African psychology has investigated 'race' and racism - past and present. Psychology has traditionally explained 'white' resistance to transformation in terms of 'racial' prejudice. These attitudinal approaches fail to explicate the role of language in the reproduction and conservation of these historical patterns. By providing the reader with an historical overview "interpretative connections" (Wetherell and Potter, 1992) will be established that assist in the analysis of the text. Transcribed interviews with nine private recruitment consultants in two urban centres in South Africa serve as textual evidence. The analysis demonstrates the rhetorical strategies employed by consultants in their conversations, discussions, negotiations, criticism and justification of the conservation of historical employment patterns. Private recruitment consultants engage in a number of rhetorical manoeuvres that appeal to 'white' norms and construct' black' as a requirement and deficient. The construction of' white' and' black' serves as a platform for justifying the historically established 'racial' hierarchy and conserving 'racial' privilege. Consultants construct their practice as a 'reasonable' response to clients' blatant 'racially' based requests for candidates. This is done by splitting racism into 'reasonable' and 'unreasonable' racism. 'Unreasonable' racism is defined as explicit I blatant acts that are located externally and in the past. This splitting functions to distance recruitment consultants from the racist practices of their clients and to counter potential accusations of racism. Their arguments function ideologically to defend the historical status quo in employment and criticise social transformation in South Africa. The study concludes with recommendations for the private recruitment industry in South Africa and suggests future areas of study using a discursive approach. The analysis highlights the need for external auditing of the private recruitment agencies to ensure the enactment and successful implementation of the Employment Equity Act of 1998 and the Promotion of Equality and Prevention of Unfair Discrimination Act of 2000. Furthermore, more detailed analysis of the object of racism, namely the construction of 'whiteness', could be useful in understanding resistance to transformation in the private sector and the (re)production of racism. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2002.

163 Comparison of chosen aspects of Czech and German legislation governing private employment matching Abstract This Master's thesis deals with chosen aspects of legal regulation governing provision of employment matching services by private entities, which are called private employment agencies. Attention is given particularly to the regulation of employment matching in its primary form, i.e. recruitment, and employment matching in the form of temporary agency work. Other consulting and information services are not covered. The regulation of the employment matching forms is analysed in Czech as well as in German legal order. This thesis focuses on legal relations arising from employment matching by private employment agencies, both when matching offers of with applications for employment, meaning legal relations between a private employment agency, an employment applicant (a prospective employee) and an employment offeror (a prospective employer), and when providing temporary agency work, meaning legal relations between a temporary-work agency as an employer, a temporary agency worker and a user undertaking. These relations are analysed along with public-law preconditions for accessing the labour market as a private employment agency and requirements for carrying out employment matching, which further...

This dissertation describes and analyzes the topic - agency employment in the Czech Republic. It explains scope of relations among subjects of agency employment. It describes the inclusion agency employment in the Czech law system and the most important changes related to recent amendments to the Employment Act and the Labour Code. Custom research is primarily focused on analysis of practical activities of selected employment agencies, agency employees and the users of staffing services.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T13:27:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 parte1.pdf: 2576358 bytes, checksum: 2df99f2f1ad4717fdb0a3929348edea2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-04-01 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This thesis deals with changes in the world of work and has as its main object of analysis the social relationship among the on-line employment agencies (ONEAGs) and their users, in Brazil. It s a study about the Information Technology impacts, specifically the internet, with respect to the groups and individuals involved in the work s reorganization turned a lucrative product. I will use post-modern theory as opposed to denotative statements, merely descriptive, both in the analysis of the data and in writing form. Alongside the quantitative analysis I will propose a critical of the empirical data, based on a focus-post-modern discourse, introducing characters (personages) and dialogues that will help to question the status of Science and its legitimacy face contemporary social metamorphosis. / Esta tese trata das transformações no mundo do trabalho e tem como seu principal objeto de análise as relações sociais entre as agências de emprego on-line AGEONs, e seus usuários, no Brasil. É um estudo sobre a aplicação e o impacto das tecnologias da informação, especificamente a internet, em relação aos envolvidos na reorganização do trabalho, onde vagas de empregos se tornaram lucrativa mercadoria. A teoria pós-moderna como contraposição aos enunciados denotativos, meramente descritivos, tanto na análise dos dados como na escrita é o que se poderia chamar de choque epistemológico . Paralelamente às análises quantitativas é proposta a crítica aos dados empíricos, com base em um enfoque discursivo pósmoderno com a introdução de personagens e diálogos que ajudaram a questionar o status da ciência e sua legitimação diante das metamorfoses sociais na contemporaneidade. Para tanto a Catho Online S/C foi utilizada como estudo de caso.

Recruitment and selection has become a specialised industry and is competing in a global market. To remain competitive, recruitment agents have to stay ahead of their competitors, by providing an excellent service to customers and applicants, and by keeping up with technological developments in their field. The current investigation focuses on an assessment of the attitudes of recruitment agents in a selected area of the Western Cape Province to the use of computer-based management information systems as a recruitment tool. A questionnaire was distributed amongst recruitment agents in the identified area. It focused on recruiter biographical information, the services they offer, the methods and processes they use in recruitment, the knowledge and skills they need in their field, and their knowledge and attitude towards electronic-recruitment. The literature indicated a move towards using technology in the field of recruitment, and this was consistent with the findings of the study. Although the respondents were familiar with developments in technology used for recruitment, only a small number were familiar with the major business information systems, namely, SAP R/3, Oracle and PeopleSoft. Information specifically related to recruitment agents in South Africa was limited, but the study provided some insight into this field. It was found that recruitment agents disagree on what a good advertisement, as well as a good résumé, should contain, and this is problematic as these are two of the most important things that recruitment agents work with every day. The literature provided no indication of the qualifications needed by a recruitment agent, and resulting from this, a second finding of the study indicated that, according to the respondents, the qualifications needed by a recruitment agent are varied. It was found that qualifications of the sample group varied from only a school-leaving certificate to post-graduate degrees. A significant trend identified that only 24.2 per cent of recruitment agents are involved in research related to recruitment, and write articles related to their field. This contributes to the fact that so little information is available about South African recruitment agents. The study indicated that recruitment agents hold a positive attitude towards computer-based information systems, although they are accepted with caution because of various logistical problems in the South African market. The study also provided useful information to start a process of drawing up a profile of the South African recruitment agency business.

Agency employment is a unique flexible tool, which is able to respond quickly to changing conditions and demands of the current labour market. It also provides flexible employment contracts and employment to risk groups in the labour market, thereby it helps to reduce unemployment. However, the flexibility of agency work is accompanied by high uncertainty. Agency employment is in the Czech Republic still underestimated and its use does not reach the level of most European countries. This may be caused by the prejudices and stereotypes of Czech society based on the generalization of the illegal activities of some employment agencies on all agencies and by the importance of job security for the majority of the Czech population. The aim was to detect and analyze the attitude of the people to the employment agencies and agency employment. Results from own representative research showed that people in the Czech Republic don't trust to employment agencies, they wouldn't use the while searching the job and they wouldn't accept the job in the form of agency employment. Their attitudes then differ depending on their own experience with agency employment, their awareness of functioning of employment agencies and sociodemographic characteristics, namely gender, education and personal income. Created typology showed...

Diploma thesis "Marketing focused on employers by supported employment agencies" deals with marketing environment and tools, which are used by agencies in their effort to place disabled people in the open labour market. The first task is description and comparsion of marketing environment and tools. The next objective is to realese recommendations to this area. The theoretical part is focused on: the employers, long-term unemployment of disabled people, principals of supported employment service and marketing theories of nonprofit organizations. In my qualitative research I used following technics: interviews, analysis of documents and comparison. First: I compared two agencies from Rumburk and Liberec. Second: I compared three agencies from Prague. In the last part of my thesis I listed the same and the different components of the five agencies. Conclusions, recommendations and discussion are based on achieved surveys. Keywords: supported employment agencies, marketing of nonprofit organizations, marketing environment, marketing tools, employers.

Agency employment is a unique flexible tool, which is able to respond quickly to changing conditions and demands of the current labour market. It also provides flexible employment contracts and employment to risk groups in the labour market, thereby it helps to reduce unemployment. However, the flexibility of agency work is accompanied by high uncertainty. Agency employment is in the Czech Republic still underestimated and its use does not reach the level of most European countries. This may be caused by the prejudices and stereotypes of Czech society based on the generalization of the illegal activities of some employment agencies on all agencies and by the importance of job security for the majority of the Czech population. The aim was to detect and analyze the attitude and confidence of the people in the recruitment agencies and agency employment. Results from own representative research showed that people in the Czech Republic don't trust to recruitment agencies and they wouldn't accept the job in the form of agency employment. Their trust and general attitude then differ depending on sociodemographic characteristics, namely gender, education and size of place of their residence. Women, people with higher education and people from the big cities have more positive attitude to agency employment....

This study's objective was to examine the affect that migration and employment have on immigrant women's negotiating position within the household. Depth interviews were conducted with nine women who migrated to Portland, Oregon from Ethiopia or Eritrea. Women were encouraged to share a narrative history of their migration and employment experience. These interviews were analyzed to answer three primary questions: Who are immigrant women supporting through their participation in the paid labor market? How do women utilize gain access to employment opportunities and what strategies do women use once employed to meet competing demands on them at work and in the household? And finally, to what extent do women maintain control over their income and influence household decisions? This study found that women, particularly women who migrate prior to marriage, support natal households more than women who migrate after marriage. Women use social networks to find information about jobs, and once employed use an array of strategies to meet domestic demands. These strategies include joining households with other women to share household labor, finding employment opportunities that allow them to care for children while working, and having their mothers come to care for small children. Women who have recently married and have lived in the United States a short amount of time are most likely to express desire to maintain control over their income, while women who have lived in the United States for a longer time are more likely to pool their income with their husbands. Many women felt that they had an equal influence in household decisions as their husbands, but little evidence was provided that this was the case. Instead this study concludes that working outside of the home increases the perceived contribution that women make to the household leads to their empowerment and improves their negotiating position.