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Thesis (Ph.D.) - Carleton University, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 143-151). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

Knowledge, innovation, and the pursuit of economic growth are concepts that the economists and policy makers around the world continue to investigate. As policy makers strive to improve the welfare of their nations, research suggests that perhaps innovation is the key that will unlock the gates of prosperity. Frameworks have been developed on how countries should build innovation capacity such as the study done by Furman, Porter and Stern (2002). These frameworks have been used to test developed nations such as Australia, Denmark and the United States as well as developing nations such as Taiwan and South Korea. Their findings suggest that certain strategies were more effective at fostering innovation in developed countries than in developing countries, highlighting that the effects of policy innovation are not homogeneous. This report investigated the innovation strategies that countries use to encourage innovation in order to induce economic transition. The findings suggest that there is an existence of the common innovation infrastructure in countries that are transitioning from efficiency-driven to innovation-driven development. These countries are using the common innovation infrastructure to encourage innovation. However, some countries are more effective at encouraging innovation than others. Measures that work for one country may not necessarily work for others. / Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / zkgibs2014 / Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) / MBA / Unrestricted

Technological progress, human capital, and tax policies play an important role in growth. Recent models of endogenous growth based on technological progress predict that high technological progress and growth are associated with a high relative supply of skilled workers who earn constant or relatively low wages. Chapter 1 of this dissertation reviews recent models of endogenous growth. The 1980s, however, are associated with high technological progress, high relative supply and increasing relative wages of skilled workers. Chapter 2 of this dissertation shows that, unlike most recent endogenous growth models, high rates of technological change can be accompanied by a high relative supply and a high relative wage for skilled workers. This chapter looks at the relative wage of educated to uneducated individuals within the same generation in an overlapping generations model. Individuals live for two periods and decide whether to invest in education in the first period of their lives. As more individuals invest in education, the wage of unskilled workers increases, increasing the opportunity cost of education. At the equilibrium, to make the individuals who invest in education indifferent between education and work, the intra generational relative wage of educated individuals must increase Chapter 3 studies the local stability of the relative wage model. It shows that the unique equilibrium can be a sink, source, or saddle point. The numerical examples study the effects of an increase in the productivity of education on the entire trajectory of investment in education. Chapter 4 looks at the effects of different types of taxes in an economy in which the allocation of resources is inefficient. It shows that different types of taxes affect the long run growth rate differently. In our setting, taxing income from human capital employed in final good production allocates more human capital to R&D, and increases the growth rate of the economy. However, this is a very selective tax, and the conclusion depends on the production function. / Ph. D.

published_or_final_version / Economics and Finance / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

<p> </p><p>The purpose of this paper is to examine whether foreign direct investment, FDI, has any impact on economic growth in Mexico. In order to find a possible connection I use a multiple regression analysis with GDP per capita as dependent variable. Furthermore, I critically examine previous studies of FDI and its effect on GDP per capita in Mexico as well as other studies with several developed and developing countries. The difference between this paper and previous studies is that the data is more up-to-date here. My results, like most of the previous studies, do not indicate on any statistical significance that FDI has a positive effect on economic growth. FDI do however seem to produce positive spillover effects on the domestic economy, mainly through knowledge and technological spillovers.</p><p> </p><p> </p>

Suen Ming-hon. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 46-49). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgement --- p.iii / Table of Contents --- p.iv / Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter Chapter 1 --- The Benchmark Model --- p.9 / Chapter 1.1 --- The Model --- p.9 / Chapter 1.2 --- Comparative Statics --- p.12 / Chapter 1.3 --- Local Stability --- p.13 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Long-Run Relationships Between Money and Growth --- p.14 / Chapter 2.1 --- The Money-in-the-Utility-Function (MIUF) Model --- p.15 / Chapter 2.2 --- The Cash-in-Advance (CIA) Model --- p.19 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- The Clower-Lucas Model --- p.20 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- The Stockman Model --- p.22 / Chapter 2.3 --- The Pecuniary Transactions Costs (PTC) Model --- p.26 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Transitional Dynamics --- p.31 / Chapter 3.1 --- The Money-in-the-Utility-Function (MIUF) Model --- p.31 / Chapter 3.2 --- The Cash-in-Advance (CIA) Model --- p.32 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- The Clower-Lucas Model --- p.32 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- The Stockman Model --- p.33 / Chapter 3.3 --- The Pecuniary Transactions Costs (PTC) Model --- p.34 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Conclusion --- p.37 / Mathematical Appendix / Chapter A.1 --- The Benchmark Model --- p.39 / Chapter A.2 --- The Money-in-the-Utility-Function (MIUF) Model --- p.39 / Chapter A.3 --- The Cash-in-Advance (CIA) Model --- p.40 / Chapter A.3.1 --- The Clower-Lucas Model --- p.40 / Chapter A.3.2 --- The Stockman Model --- p.41 / Chapter A.4 --- The Pecuniary Transactions Costs (PTC) Model --- p.43 / Table 1 Summary of Findings --- p.45 / Reference --- p.45

The purpose of this paper is to examine whether foreign direct investment, FDI, has any impact on economic growth in Mexico. In order to find a possible connection I use a multiple regression analysis with GDP per capita as dependent variable. Furthermore, I critically examine previous studies of FDI and its effect on GDP per capita in Mexico as well as other studies with several developed and developing countries. The difference between this paper and previous studies is that the data is more up-to-date here. My results, like most of the previous studies, do not indicate on any statistical significance that FDI has a positive effect on economic growth. FDI do however seem to produce positive spillover effects on the domestic economy, mainly through knowledge and technological spillovers.

<p>In my dissertation, I study the link between economic growth and asset prices in stochastic endogenous growth models. In these settings, long-term growth prospects are endogenously determined by innovation and R\&D. In equilibrium, R\&D endogenously drives a small, persistent component in productivity which generates long-run uncertainty about economic growth. With recursive preferences, this growth propagation mechanism helps reconcile a broad spectrum of equity and bond market facts jointly with macroeconomic fluctuations.</p> / Dissertation

Applying the maximum principle of optimal control that is widely used in the theories of endogenous growth to the decentralized market, this project will study how, under the consideration of transaction costs, producers and consumers choose the optimal degree of production roundaboutness and determine the growth rate of the economy. The purposes of the project can be viewed from two respects: 1. From the view point of growth theory, the project studies how the combined effect of production widening, i.e. learning by doing effect caused by social production capacity, and production deepening, i.e. economies of division of labor caused by higher degree of production roundaboutness, improve the productivity of production and thus create the possibility of permanent growth. 2. The project also emphasizes the important role of transaction costs, as the new institutionalism having highlighted, in the determination of optimal production roundaboutness, in contrast to that tradition concentrating how the organization from for transaction is chosen. We shall start with an one-sector model in which the knowledge of production is available freely, and show that the optimal degree of production roundaboutness depends on the rate of transaction cost. Next, in an extended two-sector model in which the technology of roundabout production can be invented only through investing scarce resource, we shall demonstrate how the path of transitional dynamics leads the economy to its steady state that reveals permanent growth.