SOUZA, Cezar Amario Honorato de. Plano Nacional de Educação (Lei 13.005): materialidade do privatismo e da mercantilização da educação brasileira. 2017. 251f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação Brasileira, Fortaleza (CE), 2017. / Submitted by Gustavo Daher (gdaherufc@hotmail.com) on 2017-04-11T16:51:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_dis_cahsouza.pdf: 1748611 bytes, checksum: 83a95c8e0d0e99a6dd32ade54947c565 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-04-12T13:17:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_dis_cahsouza.pdf: 1748611 bytes, checksum: 83a95c8e0d0e99a6dd32ade54947c565 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-12T13:17:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_dis_cahsouza.pdf: 1748611 bytes, checksum: 83a95c8e0d0e99a6dd32ade54947c565 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 / The public-private relationship, and thus mercantilization, is one of the predominant factors for the promotion of educational policies in Brazil. We noticed that, in the context of this issue, groups with different educational and social interests positioned themselves with the State in the defense of their projects for school and the formation of individuals. Throughout the last century and at the beginning of this century, the very concept of public education experiences modifications, escaping from the most common idea of the public as something restricted to the state sphere. These elements are manifested in the legislation of the area, highlighting here the National Education Plan, the focus of the present study. In taking this document as the centrality of our research, we set out to analyze, in the National Education Plan (Law 13,005), the metamorphosis of the public / private relationship that culminates in the commercialization dynamics of the educational sector, considering also its historical evolution in Brazilian educational scenario since the 1930s. We have carried out a theoretical-bibliographic study of the Marxian-Lukastian ontology, which has led us to consider, in the first plane, the work-capital-state nexus as the embryonic content of the directions of publicity / privatization and educational mercantilization in the country. Underpinned on these bases, we carried out the examination on texts and documents, divided into four moments: in the first, we conducted a course on institutional documents related to the Brazilian educational policy: Constitutions, LDBs, PNEs, decrees and complementary laws; In the second, we reflect theoretically on the production of some authors who examine the Brazilian education in history, such as: Teixeira (1956); Azevedo (1958); Saviani (2005; 2010; 2015); Romanelli (2014); In the third one, we deal with the current orientations pointed to the school in the current process of expansion of the capital in crisis, serving us as inputs the World Bank documents (1990, 1993, 2000) and the contributions of authors like Mészáros (2011); Leher (1999); Jimenez (2010); Mendes Segundo (2005), among others; The fourth and last moment, we pay a particular and close attention to an analysis of the PNE (2014-2024), contemplating its goals and strategies, identifying its relation with the privatizing movement of national education, seeking to present that the theoretical elaborator of this plan are the organizations linked to capital: All for Education; National Confederation of Industry; National Forum of Free Initiative in Education / A relação público/privado e, por conseguinte, a mercantilização, apresenta-se como um dos fatores predominantes para a promoção das políticas educacionais no Brasil. Percebemos que, no entorno dessa questão, grupos com distintos interesses educativos e sociais se posicionaram junto ao Estado na defesa de seus projetos para a escola e a formação dos indivíduos. Ao longo do último século e no começo deste, o próprio conceito de educação pública vivencia modificações, escapando da ideia mais comum de público como algo restrito à esfera estatal. Tais elementos se manifestam na legislação da área, ressaltando-se, aqui, o Plano Nacional de Educação, foco do presente estudo. Ao tomarmos este documento como centralidade de nossa investigação, traçamos como objetivo analisar, no Plano Nacional de Educação (Lei 13.005), a metamorfose da relação público/privado que culmina na dinâmica de mercantilização do setor educativo, considerando, ainda, seu evolver histórico no cenário educacional brasileiro desde os anos de 1930. Realizamos, para tanto, um estudo teórico-bibliográfico perspectivado pela ontologia marxiano-lukasciana, o que nos levou a considerar, em primeiro plano, o nexo trabalho-capital-Estado como o conteúdo embrionário dos rumos da publicização/privatização e mercantilização educativa no país. Fincados sobre estas bases, realizamos o exame sobre textos e documentos, dividido este em quatro momentos: no primeiro, efetivamos um decurso sobre documentos institucionais relacionados à política educacional brasileira: Constituições, LDBs, PNEs, decretos e leis complementares; no segundo, refletimos teoricamente sobre a produção de alguns autores que examinam no plano histórico a educação brasileira, tais como: Teixeira (1956); Azevedo (1958); Saviani (2005; 2010; 2015); Romanelli (2014); no terceiro, tratamos sobre os atuais direcionamentos apontados à escola no corrente processo de expansão do capital em crise, servindo-nos como aporte os documentos do Banco Mundial (1990; 1993; 2000) e as contribuições de autores como Mészáros (2011); Leher (1999); Jimenez (2010); Mendes Segundo (2005), entre outros; o quarto e último momento, dedicamos atenção de forma mais detalhada, à análise do PNE (2014-2024) contemplando suas metas e estratégias, identificando sua relação com o movimento privatizante da educação nacional, buscando apresentar que o elaborador teórico desse plano são as organizações ligadas ao capital: Todos pela Educação; Confederação Nacional da Indústria; Fórum Nacional da Livre-Iniciativa na Educação

Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-07T18:52:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 000449158-Texto+Completo-0.pdf: 912722 bytes, checksum: 67364e42a16ee98df604878d35d64395 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Public Policy Education has passed through several instances before being implemented in teaching institutions. Particularly in the case of public schools, normally, action with greater proportion have been developed through programs and projects that derive from maintaining institutions, such as the Federal Government, through MEC (Ministry of Education and Culture) and the Departments of Education in states and cities. This research aims to investigate how managers, represented by coordinators and directors of the State Department of Education, as well as teachers of public schools of the state, have perceived and enabled public policies focused on teaching scientific areas. Data were collected through interviews with focal groups, and a qualitative methodological approach, with an analysis guided by a Discursive Textual Analysis, was utilized. From the research results, it was possible to identify two essential categories for understating the analysis. The first category, “Appropriation and Reinterpretation of Public Policy Education and Science Teaching” has approached the perception of the educators who made part of the study on public policies and that were present in their pedagogical practices, besides the way they participated in the re-elaboration of these education policies in order to implement them in school.The second category, “Difficulties in Dealing with Public Policy Education and the Possibilities Glimpsed to Minimize them”, has processed the barriers found in the teaching action that result in consequences for Science teaching, and the alternatives proposed by research subjects utilized to minimize such difficulties. Moreover, the subcategories have addressed the discontinuity and non-contextualization of public policy education, the lack of partnership between universities and schools, difficulties in obtaining resources and accessing projects in the Science field, and the impact of lack of appreciation for the teaching profession. Thus, from this research, it was possible to verify that the course for implementing education programs and projects has constituted one of the gears of public policy education, for which all people involved are important and in charge of the process results. / As políticas públicas educacionais passam por diversas instâncias antes de serem implementadas nas instituições de ensino. No caso particular das escolas da rede pública, normalmente, ações de maior proporção são desenvolvidas por meio de programas e projetos que derivam das instituições mantenedoras, como o Governo Federal, por meio do MEC e das Secretarias de Educação dos estados e dos municípios. A presente pesquisa procurou investigar de que forma gestores, representados por coordenadores e diretores da Secretaria de Estado da Educação, bem como professores das escolas públicas da rede estadual, percebem e viabilizam as políticas públicas voltadas para o ensino das áreas científicas. Os dados foram coletados através de entrevistas, de grupos focais e da abordagem metodológica qualitativa com análise pautada pela Análise Textual Discursiva. A partir dos resultados da pesquisa, foi possível identificar duas categorias essenciais para a compreensão da análise. A primeira categoria, “Apropriação e Ressignificação das Políticas Públicas Educacionais e o Ensino de Ciências”, aborda a percepção dos educadores que fizeram parte do estudo sobre as políticas públicas e que estiveram presentes em suas práticas pedagógicas e a forma pela qual participaram na reelaboração destas políticas educacionais a fim de implementá-las na escola.A segunda categoria, “Dificuldades no Trato com as Políticas Públicas Educacionais e as Possibilidades Vislumbradas para Minimizá-las”, trata dos entraves encontrados na ação docente que acarretam consequências para o ensino de Ciências e as alternativas propostas pelos sujeitos da pesquisa para minimizar tais dificuldades. As subcategorias abordam a descontinuidade e a descontextualização das políticas públicas educacionais, a falta de parceria entre universidade e escola, dificuldades de obter recursos e acesso a projetos na área de Ciências e as repercussões da falta de valorização da profissão de professor. A partir da pesquisa, foi possível verificar que o percurso para implementação de programas e projetos educacionais constitui uma das engrenagens das políticas públicas educacionais para o qual todos os envolvidos são importantes e responsáveis pelos resultados do processo.

Esta dissertação trata da perspectiva sobre tecnologia que orienta o processo de inclusão de Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação – TICs na educação escolar através do Programa Nacional de Tecnologia Educacional – PROINFO. O objetivo principal deste trabalho consiste na análise deste processo, de modo a apreender o significado atribuído às TICs e à sua inclusão na educação escolar, assim como o modo como os agentes educacionais são envolvidos neste processo. Assume-se a ideia de que esta ação do PROINFO é orientada por uma perspectiva determinista sobre a tecnologia, concebendo-a como fator de mudança no processo social e educativo, relegando a um segundo plano o envolvimento dos agentes sociais. A partir das contribuições teóricas do campo de estudos sobre Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade (CTS), examina-se, criticamente, a perspectiva determinista da tecnologia e os aspectos de neutralidade e de autonomia. Entende-se que esta perspectiva não é o suficiente para se entender a relação entre tecnologia e sociedade, uma vez que desconsidera os agentes sociais no processo de produção e de desenvolvimento da tecnologia. / This thesis deals with the perspective on technology that guides the inclusion process of Information and Communication Technologies – TICs (in portuguese) in the scholar education through the National Program of Educational Technology – PROINFO (in portuguese). The main objective of this work consists in the analysis of this process in order to learn the meaning attributed to TICs and its inclusion in the scholar education, as well as the way the educational agents are involved in this process. There is an idea that this PROINFO action is guided by a deterministic perspective about the technology, conceiving it as changing factor in the social and educative process and relegating to a second plan the involvement of the social agents. On the basis of the theoretical contributions of the research field on Science, Technology and Society (CTS, in portuguese), the deterministic perspective of technology and the neutrality and autonomy aspects are critically explored. It is known that this perspective it not enough to understand the relation between technology and society, once the social agents are not considered in the production process and the development of technology. It is considered, therefore, that technology is a social product, constituted by social interests. The investigation was performed through the analysis of PROINFO legal documentation and information available by Education Ministry –MEC (in portuguese), as well as interviews with managers and surveys application with the teachers of Instituto Estadual de Educação Paulo da Gama, in Porto Alegre. It is possible to conclude to PROINFO that technologies transform society and scholar education through the TICs inclusion. It is possible to identify that the PROINFO actions focus on the distribution of equipments, relegating to a second plan the involvement of the educational agents. Moreover, it is possible to point out that the expressed interests in the analysis of this Program correspond to the dominant interests articulated to capitalist logic of production and accumulation, those are incorporated in the action of including TICs in the school.

Esta dissertação trata da perspectiva sobre tecnologia que orienta o processo de inclusão de Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação – TICs na educação escolar através do Programa Nacional de Tecnologia Educacional – PROINFO. O objetivo principal deste trabalho consiste na análise deste processo, de modo a apreender o significado atribuído às TICs e à sua inclusão na educação escolar, assim como o modo como os agentes educacionais são envolvidos neste processo. Assume-se a ideia de que esta ação do PROINFO é orientada por uma perspectiva determinista sobre a tecnologia, concebendo-a como fator de mudança no processo social e educativo, relegando a um segundo plano o envolvimento dos agentes sociais. A partir das contribuições teóricas do campo de estudos sobre Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade (CTS), examina-se, criticamente, a perspectiva determinista da tecnologia e os aspectos de neutralidade e de autonomia. Entende-se que esta perspectiva não é o suficiente para se entender a relação entre tecnologia e sociedade, uma vez que desconsidera os agentes sociais no processo de produção e de desenvolvimento da tecnologia. / This thesis deals with the perspective on technology that guides the inclusion process of Information and Communication Technologies – TICs (in portuguese) in the scholar education through the National Program of Educational Technology – PROINFO (in portuguese). The main objective of this work consists in the analysis of this process in order to learn the meaning attributed to TICs and its inclusion in the scholar education, as well as the way the educational agents are involved in this process. There is an idea that this PROINFO action is guided by a deterministic perspective about the technology, conceiving it as changing factor in the social and educative process and relegating to a second plan the involvement of the social agents. On the basis of the theoretical contributions of the research field on Science, Technology and Society (CTS, in portuguese), the deterministic perspective of technology and the neutrality and autonomy aspects are critically explored. It is known that this perspective it not enough to understand the relation between technology and society, once the social agents are not considered in the production process and the development of technology. It is considered, therefore, that technology is a social product, constituted by social interests. The investigation was performed through the analysis of PROINFO legal documentation and information available by Education Ministry –MEC (in portuguese), as well as interviews with managers and surveys application with the teachers of Instituto Estadual de Educação Paulo da Gama, in Porto Alegre. It is possible to conclude to PROINFO that technologies transform society and scholar education through the TICs inclusion. It is possible to identify that the PROINFO actions focus on the distribution of equipments, relegating to a second plan the involvement of the educational agents. Moreover, it is possible to point out that the expressed interests in the analysis of this Program correspond to the dominant interests articulated to capitalist logic of production and accumulation, those are incorporated in the action of including TICs in the school.

Esta dissertação trata da perspectiva sobre tecnologia que orienta o processo de inclusão de Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação – TICs na educação escolar através do Programa Nacional de Tecnologia Educacional – PROINFO. O objetivo principal deste trabalho consiste na análise deste processo, de modo a apreender o significado atribuído às TICs e à sua inclusão na educação escolar, assim como o modo como os agentes educacionais são envolvidos neste processo. Assume-se a ideia de que esta ação do PROINFO é orientada por uma perspectiva determinista sobre a tecnologia, concebendo-a como fator de mudança no processo social e educativo, relegando a um segundo plano o envolvimento dos agentes sociais. A partir das contribuições teóricas do campo de estudos sobre Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade (CTS), examina-se, criticamente, a perspectiva determinista da tecnologia e os aspectos de neutralidade e de autonomia. Entende-se que esta perspectiva não é o suficiente para se entender a relação entre tecnologia e sociedade, uma vez que desconsidera os agentes sociais no processo de produção e de desenvolvimento da tecnologia. / This thesis deals with the perspective on technology that guides the inclusion process of Information and Communication Technologies – TICs (in portuguese) in the scholar education through the National Program of Educational Technology – PROINFO (in portuguese). The main objective of this work consists in the analysis of this process in order to learn the meaning attributed to TICs and its inclusion in the scholar education, as well as the way the educational agents are involved in this process. There is an idea that this PROINFO action is guided by a deterministic perspective about the technology, conceiving it as changing factor in the social and educative process and relegating to a second plan the involvement of the social agents. On the basis of the theoretical contributions of the research field on Science, Technology and Society (CTS, in portuguese), the deterministic perspective of technology and the neutrality and autonomy aspects are critically explored. It is known that this perspective it not enough to understand the relation between technology and society, once the social agents are not considered in the production process and the development of technology. It is considered, therefore, that technology is a social product, constituted by social interests. The investigation was performed through the analysis of PROINFO legal documentation and information available by Education Ministry –MEC (in portuguese), as well as interviews with managers and surveys application with the teachers of Instituto Estadual de Educação Paulo da Gama, in Porto Alegre. It is possible to conclude to PROINFO that technologies transform society and scholar education through the TICs inclusion. It is possible to identify that the PROINFO actions focus on the distribution of equipments, relegating to a second plan the involvement of the educational agents. Moreover, it is possible to point out that the expressed interests in the analysis of this Program correspond to the dominant interests articulated to capitalist logic of production and accumulation, those are incorporated in the action of including TICs in the school.