CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / The aim of this work was to assemble an experimental apparatus PVT skilled labor in obtaining phase equilibria at high pressures and determining efficient methodology. Tests were performed mounting apparatus in order to develop methodology. During these tests, the data bubble point of pure carbon dioxide were determined at temperatures of 25, 26, 27 and 28  C and compared with data obtained for similar equipment, providing average deviation of 0.4 Bar, 0.6% on the extent being of the same order of magnitude compared to similar equipment. For testing systems in which one liquid component is introduced at ambient pressure in the analysis phase equilibrium torque was analyzed ethanol-CO2 at 40  C, and also compared with the literature data. The results obtained in steps preliminary analyzes showed that the system was capable of developing new data phase equilibrium. The study continued with the application development methodology for systems of viscera from fish oil + carbon dioxide oil, fish viscera + carbon dioxide + ethanol, corn oil + carbon dioxide and corn oil + ethanol + carbon dioxide at temperatures of 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 and 110  C for systems without ethanol at temperatures of 40, 60, 80 and 110  C, for others. The phase diagrams obtained for all systems studied were of type IV according to the classification of Von Konynen and Scott, which is similar to that found in literature phase diagrams for systems consisting of triglycerides and carbon dioxide, showing the ability development of new data for the set-apparatus developed methodology. / O objetivo desta dissertaÃÃo foi montar um aparato experimental PVT hÃbil ao trabalho na obtenÃÃo de equilÃbrio de fases em altas pressÃes e a determinaÃÃo de metodologia eficiente. Testes de montagem no aparato foram realizados com o intuito de desenvolver a metodologia. Durantes estes testes, dados do ponto de bolha do diÃxido de carbono puro foram determinados em temperaturas de 25, 26, 27 e 28 ÂC e comparados com dados obtidos para equipamentos similares, fornecendo desvio mÃdio de 0,4 Bar, 0,6 % relativo à medida, sendo da mesma ordem de grandeza em relaÃÃo a equipamentos similares. Para testes de sistemas em que um componente lÃquido à pressÃo ambiente fosse introduzido nas anÃlises de equilÃbrio de fases o binÃrio etanol-CO2 foi analisado a 40 ÂC, e tambÃm comparado com dados da literatura. Os resultados obtidos nas etapas de anÃlises preliminares mostraram que o sistema estava apto a desenvolver novos dados de equilÃbrio de fases. Os estudos prosseguiram com o desenvolvimento da aplicaÃÃo da metodologia para os sistemas de Ãleo de vÃscera de peixe + diÃxido de carbono, Ãleo de vÃscera de peixe + etanol + diÃxido de carbono, Ãleo de milho + diÃxido de carbono e Ãleo de milho + etanol + diÃxido de carbono nas temperaturas de 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 e 110 ÂC para os sistemas sem etanol e nas temperaturas de 40, 60, 80 e 110 ÂC, para os demais. Os diagramas de fases obtidos para todos os sistemas estudados foram do tipo IV de acordo com a classificaÃÃo de Von Konynen e Scott, o que se assemelha ao encontrado na literatura de diagramas de fase para sistemas constituÃdos de triglicerÃdeos e diÃxido de carbono, mostrando a capacidade de desenvolvimento de novos dados para o conjunto metodologia-aparato desenvolvido.

Submitted by Marlene Santos (marlene.bc.ufg@gmail.com) on 2016-09-15T17:16:01Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Deborah Pereira Carvalho - 2016.pdf: 1291033 bytes, checksum: 11909a32b04cb17d98b30025fea8cce2 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-09-16T12:17:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Deborah Pereira Carvalho - 2016.pdf: 1291033 bytes, checksum: 11909a32b04cb17d98b30025fea8cce2 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-16T12:17:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Deborah Pereira Carvalho - 2016.pdf: 1291033 bytes, checksum: 11909a32b04cb17d98b30025fea8cce2 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-11 / Research with use of exogenous enzymes in feed for broiler, has shown its advantages in improving the digestibility and nutrient availability for birds, resulting in better performance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding "on the top" the enzyme protease 0.05% (Cybenza DP 100) in diets for broilers containing animal meal. Two experiments were conducted divided into 4 treatments each experiment. In both experiments were using the same treatments, the treatments offered were: T1 - corn-based feed and soybean meal, T2 - corn-based feed and soybean meal with addition of protease, T3 - based feed corn and soybean meal with addition of meat, feathers and viscera, T4 - corn-based feed and soybean meal with addition of meat, feathers and viscera, with the addition of protease. The "experiment 1" was carried out with 320 chicks Cobb500 strain of 1 to 21 days. The experimental design was completely randomized, divided into batteries, with 4 treatments and 8 repetitions each containing 10 broiler per cage. The variables analyzed were: digestibility and performance variables. The "Experiment 2" was carried out with 720 chicks Cobb500 strain of 1 to 42 days. The experimental design was completely randomized, divided into box with 4 treatments and 6 repetitions each containing 30 broiler per box. The analyzed variables were: performance and Biometry of the gastrointestinal tract organs and the intestines and bowel. In all treatments the data were subjected to analysis of variance, and means were compared by Tukey test at 5% significance. In the " experiment 1 " it was observed that supplementation of the enzyme protease improved the feed conversion only in the pre- initial stage , but proved advantageous to use also in the initial phase , because even with the reduction in nutrient levels the results did not differ . In the " second experiment " it was observed that the use of animal meal for broilers from 1 to 21 days of age proved advantageous , since treatments with animal meal in their composition showed better weight gain and lower feed intake . The protease enzyme supplementation improved viability. / Pesquisas com a utilização de enzimas exógenas na alimentação de frangos de corte, tem evidenciado as suas vantagens em melhorar a digestibilidade e disponibilidade de nutrientes para os frangos, resultando em melhor desempenho. Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho avaliar o efeito da adição “on the top” da enzima protease 0,05% (Cybenza DP 100) em dietas para frangos de corte contendo farinhas de origem animal. Foram conduzidos dois experimentos divididos em 4 tratamentos cada experimento. Em ambos os experimentos foram utilizando os mesmos tratamentos, os tratamentos oferecidos foram: T1 - ração à base de milho e farelo de soja, T2 - ração à base de milho e farelo de soja, com adição de protease, T3 - ração à base de milho e farelo de soja com inclusão de farinha de carne, penas e vísceras, T4 - ração à base de milho e farelo de soja com inclusão de farinha de carne, penas e vísceras, com adição de protease. O “experimento 1” foi realizado com 320 pintos da linhagem Cobb500 de 1 a 21 dias. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, dividido em baterias, com 4 tratamentos e 8 repetições cada, contendo 10 frangos por gaiola. As variáveis analisadas foram: digestibilidade e variáveis de desempenho. O “experimento 2” foi realizado com 720 pintos da linhagem Cobb500 de 1 a 42 dias. O delineamento experimental adotado foi inteiramente casualizado, dividido em box, com 4 tratamentos e 6 repetições cada, contendo 30 frangos por box. As Variáveis analisadas foram: desempenho e Biometria de órgãos do trato gastrointestinal e do intestino e do intestino. Em todos os tratamentos os dados foram submetidos a análise de variância, e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de significância. No “experimento 1” foi observado que a suplementação da enzima protease melhorou a conversão alimentar apenas na fase pré-inicial, porém se mostrou vantajoso a sua utilização também na fase inicial, pois mesmo com a redução dos níveis nutricionais os resultados não diferiram entre si. No “experimento 2” foi observado que a utilização da farinha de origem animal para frangos de corte de 1 a 21 dias de idade se mostrou vantajosa, uma vez que os tratamentos que receberam farinhas de origem animal em sua composição apresentaram um melhor ganho de peso e menor consumo de ração. A suplementação da enzima protease melhorou a viabilidade.

Building on recent scholarship in the history of art which has started to reappraise the meaning of grotesque and scatological motifs, this thesis examines how digestion was conceived of as a model of creation, and how this was translated visually. Renaissance creativity was increasingly modelled on a series of natural processes like digestion, following a trend in favour of Aristotelian psychology. However, it has been largely overlooked in comparison to the bleeding, the pneumatic, and especially the procreative natural models, which have been extensively studied. The central argument of this thesis is that digestion constituted an alternative-albeit less 'decorous'-model of creation, denoting the intervention of a more 'earthbound' ingenium. I argue that this model was used by certain classes of artists as an acknowledgement of a strong engagement with materials and of the labour of a round-the-clock imagination. Goldsmithing and printmaking are artistic professions whereby the artistic process was often considered as an act of 'soiling' oneself, both in the sense of the body and the phantasia. This thesis focuses on a period spanning c. 1530 to 1675, from Rabelais' works to the facetious printer Jacques Lagniet. It mines a corpus of little-studied textual and visual sources from the north of the Alps, examining a continuity between France and the German lands: geographical areas which both had an especially pronounced 'culture of excretion'. From a broader perspective, this research responds to a widespread scholarly call for more attention to the organic soul and the lower body, nuancing the alleged hegemony of the brain and the higher senses throughout history. It seeks to modify the perception of early modern artists and viewers as cerebral intellectuals, presenting them as individuals who also 'thought with their guts'.