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The objective of this study was to process long-term daily rainfall data in a comprehensive way (1961 -- 2013) collected from eight selected meteorological stations operated by the Brno branch of the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, mainly in terms of the potential erosion efficiency. Therefore, special attention was paid to rainy days with rainfall above 10 mm and yearly extreme one-day rainfalls. The determined data was used to analyze N-year design rainfall of various recurrence intervals and to assess suitable determination methods. The secondary objective was to analyze the distribution of rainfall intensities and erosion efficiency of rainfall (the so-called R factor) in the area of Brno, based on ten-year ombrograph records (2003 -- 2012) from 14 stations of Brněnské vodárny a kanalizace, a.s. High spatial variability in the occurrence of heavy rainfalls in a relatively small city area was identified indicating the necessity of the greatest possible level of regionalization in determining R factor in the territory of the Czech Republic.

Erosion is global issue. In Czech republic, soil is threatened mainly by water erosion, approximately 50 %. This phenomenon causes irreversible soil loss and degradation. In the soil there are chemical and physical changes and changes of structure and texture. The changes are very dangerous because distinctly decrease soil fertility. In thesis is solved soil loss by water erosion in cadastral area Kobylí. Firstly I deal with concept of erosion and its types. Further I describe calculation methodology of water erosion by using Wishmeier-Smith equation and possible methods erosion control measures. In conclusion I evaluate soil loss and I suggest suitable erosion control measures on endangered areas.

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Dissertation thesis: Contribution to the evaluation of different approaches to the modelling of soil loss by water erosion in GIS, is a set of five studies published or accepted for publication in scientific journals. Thematically the work deals with the question of linking the erosion modelling together with geographic information systems. The work is divided into five chapters. In the first chapter, the issue of erosion and rainfall-runoff modelling is described. A particular focus is placed on the concept and the basic equations underlying erosion modelling. The second chapter contains 2 studies that deal with modelling rainfall-runoff conditions in the area of experimental area using KINFIL model. The chapter also discusses the selection of a suitable model and source datasets that forms the basis for the evaluation of physiographic parameters of a catchment. The third chapter is thematically focused in calculating the rainfall factor based on long-term precipitation records from 32 meteorological stations in the Czech Republic. It partially overlaps with the previous chapter because one of the outcomes of the study is the REDES database containing values of R-factor. However, the chapter focuses more on the time scale, and especially the influence of the time step in the simulation on resulting outcomes of the model. The fourth chapter is dealing by erosion modelling in GIS based on analysis of digital terrain models. It contains a study that addresses the influence of various algorithms and/or equations to calculate topographical factor and its effect on the overall prediction of soil loss.

The work is based on the needs of farmers who grow corn for cattle feed and biogas plant. For many farms corn is a strategic crop. But i tis also an erosion crop and therefore it is necessary to pay attention the erosion. The experiment is set in terms of ZD Krasna Hora nad Vltavou. The firm manages on mildly and severely threatened soil by erosion and there comes a potential problem with water soil erosion too. It is tested 3 soil conservation technologies with different spreads rows and different crop density. It is monitored the effectiveness of various anti-erosion technologies, stand density and row spacing. Measurement is managed by Research Institute of Soil and Water Conservation. The yield of individual parcels was evaluated. The biomass yield and grain were determined.

Erosion is exogenous geomorphological process that affects the formation of the Earth's surface since the formation of the Earth's solid crust. This activity, which under natural conditions proceeded slowly, in terms of human generations imperceptibly, in intensively used landscape dramatically accelerated and brought a number of adverse consequences. The aim of this study has been to assess and evaluate erosion risks in selected cadastral area and in the event of an over limit erosion hazard to suggest appropriate erosion control measures to eliminate the increased erosion. The 77 erosion of closed units were examined by a computer program Atlas DMT erosion module, which uses digital terrain model together with data from databases or BPEJ or LPIS. The 14 of them have diagnosed overlimit value wash away the soil. As a basic erosion control measures the change of applied classic crop rotation to crop rotations using soil conservation technologies was considered. After adjusting cropping practices that positively impact factor of the protective effects of vegetation, it was found by erosion Atlas module, six parcels of land with over limited value of soil washes. These lands have suggested the use of technical erosion control measures, for example furrows, grassing thalwegs etc.. On the parcels, where, due to their size, shape or morphology technical measures proved inadequate or ineffective it has been proposed permanent grassing. In the proposals erosion control measures it is necessary to combine the maximum efficiency of measures with condition of ease and minimal restriction of land users. When their making is to be assumed towards the user, because it depends on him only whether the proposed organizational and agronomic measures will be implemented or not. The fundamental problem with these measures is that their implementation is not backed by legislation. I assume that the more acceptable, less restrictive and inexpensive measures will be proposed, the more likely it will be implemented. One of the reasons why even the simple erosion control measures are put into practice slowly and with difficulty is the fact that in the Czech Republic the most of the agricultural land is managed by entities that are not its owners. This fact significantly contributes to the fact that land is viewed merely as a means of production, which must to bring maximum profit only. To improve this situation may also contribute to the establishment and consistent control of the GAEC standards.

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