Water erosion in the Czech Republic is the largest phenomenon that degrades and seriously damages agricultural areas throughout the country. It is influenced by many factors that have changed since the 1950s. Various methods are used to assess the intensity of erosion. In the Czech Republic, the USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) is the most widely used equation, which is the cornerstone of the model used in this work. I quantified and localized water erosion in the Odlezel lake basin for individual scenarios of land use change using the WaTEM / SEDEM model. The results show the seriousness of water erosion in relation to landscape management, as the modeled intensity of erosion in 2018 is almost the same as in the period of collectivization. The results of modeling are confronted with changes of individual input factors, with measured data of river sediment export in the Mladotický brook and up to date knowledge about clogging of the lake basin. Key words: water erosion, modeling erosion, WaTEM/SEDEM

The aim of the thesis "Soil protection against water erosion in the cadastral Jinačovice" is to evaluate the problems of soil erosion and erosion prevention. The work consists of two parts. In the first part the issue of erosion is expressed using relevant printed and electronic sources. The second part deals with the analysis of current conditions and the current status of land use in terms of susceptibility to water erosion. All the erosion factors will be assessed based on the findings. The average long-term loss of land will be evaluated using the universal equation for calculating the USLE soil loss and the degree of erosion hazard to lands will be determined. As a result an erosion control measure (organizational, argi-technical and technical) will be designed and their effectiveness with regard to allowable loss will be assessed.

Soil is a basic, limited and non-renewable natural resource. It is the natural wealth of each country. Therefore, soil erosion is a major problem not only in the Czech Republic, but also on a global scale. As a result of the erosion process, the stability of soil aggregates is broken; there appears loss of organic matter and nutrient transport, or land within the property or outside. These factors cause irreversible damage to soils, which ultimately has both environmental and economic impacts. As the wide-rows crops areas increase, including corn there increases even the interest of professionals and the public in that problem. At the present, there are searched new technologies of corn cultivation, which should help in elimination of risks associated with that crop cultivation. The aim of this thesis was to analyze selected soil conservation technologies in corn crops in the company ZD Krasna Hora nad Vltavou in terms of their impact on aquatic soil erosion and biomass production. There were analyzed the technologies of tillage disc harrows soil processing, sowing directly into freezing-out crops and as a control a fallow was established. We have also analyzed two inter-rows spacing of vegetation establishment, namely 37,5 cm and 75 cm. The results of this work show an evident positive effect of no-tillage technology of corn cultivation, whether in the narrow or wide rows that are particularly effective at the beginning of the growing season, which is the most problematic for corn. As for the yield of biomass is concerned, the highest yield of biomass was achieved in variants with the width of 75 cm and in technology of sowing into freezing-out crops. The work also includes a literature review, which covers erosion, erosion control measures, corn and tillage systems. Special attention is paid to so-called soil-protection technologies, which are used primarily in wide-rows crops such as corn.

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