The aim of the thesis is to evaluate effects of natural and human activity on water quality of Budsky stream basin, futher assessing current water protection and proposing improvements in the form of differential protection zones. The basin is located on Besednice, Soběnov and Malče cadastral areas and extands to second grade of a water supply protection zone of Rimov reservoir. During terrain reconnaissance of the area were all the factors that could contribute to impaired quality of water in the basin taken into the account; from point source pollution to signs of erosion on the slopes of the basin. Futhermore the link between agricultural pollution, agricultural land erosion, land consolidation and protection of water was explained. Also pedological, hydrological and climate researches were conducted. The result is a redefined design of the water protection zones in question.

The aim of thesis is to assess and evaluate how energy crops affect erosion phenomena, then identify a suitable alternative crop that has anti-erosion ability. Location is evaluated in detail Trebon, as cultivation areas suitable for Phytoenergetics and biogas. Furthermore, I studied agricultural biogas plant that uses biomass as input for biogas production. To evaluate and calculate erosion parameters for a given locality the method of universal soil loss equation by Wishmeier and Smith, and the value showed crops causing erosion. The calculated values are related to locations all over the South Region. Thanks to the universal equation it is possible to find alternative crops, which cause erosion and both are suitable for biogas production.

Currently there is no suitable and commonly used device for volumetric quantification of snowmelt erosion in the Czech Republic (CR). The determination of erosion rate in the catchment is a essential prerequisite for the correct design of conservation measures. The thesis tries to offer the possible ways of monitoring the snowmelt erosion, compares individual methods and defines their optimal use. In the first year of the research, a runoff plot was developed to capture sheet erosion. The thesis compares also the methods using mobile devices - erosion bridge method and UAV photogrammetry - as effective instrument for snowmelt erosion monitoring. So far, no attention has been paid to snowmelt erosion in CR. Therefore, the thesis focuses mainly on the analysis of causal factors specific to this type of erosion - the erosion potential of snow cover and the possible soil erodibility changes due to freeze-thaw cycles. The thesis assesses the rate of snowmelt erosion risk in selected climatically different catchments and its changes in recent years. shows the timeliness of the problem. In the end, the thesis presents possibilities for solving the problem. The thesis claims the problem of snowmelt erosion actual and offers its possible solution.

This thesis investigates the design of complex systems measures against water erosion in cadastral areas Bílov, Butovice, Studénka and Velké Albrechtice. By using erosion and hydrological GIS tools, the area was explored and analyzed and based on these output values the best solution was proposed. To identify areas at risk of erosion and runoff conditions were used a digital elevation model, Wischmeier-Smith equation and model DesQ. At the end was evaluated effectiveness by comparing the results before and after measures.

This diploma thesis is about water erosion. There are types of water erosion, consequences and ways how to reduce erosion. The second part describes and claculates soil loss in an area of Zasova and Zubri. For calculation is used programme ArcGis. Based on the resoults are suggested two ways of erosion kontrol measures. Their efficiency is proved in programme ArcGis and the resoults are compared.

This Master’s thesis is dedicated to cavitation erosion of a material surface. First part of thesis describes basic principle of cavitation and its erosion consequences of solid objects. There are mentioned basic cavitation models used in CFD software. Second part incorporate concept design and numerical calculation of critical shape in reference to highest intensity of cavitation erosion at flow area. Last part of thesis is experimental and it is focused on cavitation erosion at flow area due to critical shapes from numerical calculation.

The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the influence of land use changes on erosion and runoff conditions. For the purpose of the evaluation, two catchments with different areas and pedological characteristics were selected (the catchment of the river Luha and the catchment of the Hubenov reservoir). In these catchments, a comparison of 26 selected land covers was conducted. The individual land covers were evaluated first in four seasons of the 1950s and 1990s, second according to the today's status of landscape by means of a detailed yearly evaluation conducted between 2002 and 2013, and third according to a land cover conceptual design. Analyses of not only land cover, but also geomorphological, pedological and hydrological conditions were carried out for both of the catchments by means of geographic information system (GIS) tools. The quantification of soil loss was performed by means of two methods – the method USLE with the use of ArcGIS program and the soil loss model WEPP. The crucial factor of the runoff evaluation of the preset end profiles with respect to the formation of concentrated runoffs and their catchment areas was the hydrological model DesQ-MAXQ. The selected land cover scenarios of the river Luha were then exposed to the conditions of a real rainfall that occurred in 2009 and that resulted in floods in the area. Furthermore, a rainfall-runoff model was created for this catchment area in HEC-HMS; the land cover scenarios were again subjected to the above-mentioned real rainfall. The land use changes of the catchment area of the reservoir Hubenov were assessed also with respect to the concentration of substances in the profiles studied.

Aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of landscape structure on soil erosion and runoff conditions of given area with help of digital elevation model and relevant GIS data. Analyses of soil erosion by water and runoff were processed for current conditions and several other variations. Based on this analyses and results was performed an evaluation of all model variations.

The aim of this diploma thesis was to design experimental setup for planar samples erosion by means of the water jet on the rotational sample configuration, laboratory experimental testing and its evaluation by means of the 3D optodigital microscope Olympus DSX 510. There were observed typical erosion patterns at the solid tested material surfaces as well as the cavitation erosion. Experiments were carried out at the following water pressures: 0.432 MPa, 1.50 MPa on the rotating sample, at 2.50 MPa on steady sample and on flooded sample for different treatment times. Experimental results of waterjet impact on rotating sample were compared with the theoretical modelling data obtained by CFD modelling. Computational modelling was done in two parts: 3D modelling of water jet flow impact on rigid steady surface and 3D modelling of water jet impact on rigid moving surface. The latter modelling was solved as two phase modelling, where the computational model “Volume of Fluid” was employed. The aim of the study was to find out for the individual cases under study appearance of the water flow and the changes of the magnitude of the force of the impinging water jet on the wall.

This thesis focuses on an experimental study of the anode area of the hybrid water- gas DC arc plasma torch that is used in many industrial applications, including plasma spraying, hydrocarbon reforming, pyrolysis, and organic waste gasification. The effects of ambient pressure and plasma generation conditions on the torch's plasma jet were studied, with particular focus on the torch's anode area. Movement of the anode arc attachment is described in detail, including its speed, range of its motion on the anode surface, restrike periods, and the frequency of its many sudden decelerations and re-accelerations. It was found that the anode erosion can be compared relatively simply by quick processing of high-speed camera videos. The anode erosion was also measured directly. Many electric probe measurements were made in the anode area of this plasma torch for the first time. By using these electric probes, shock waves, turbulent vortices, and plasma potential fluctuations were studied directly. It was found that a mean plasma electric field and a mean plasma electrical conductivity in the anode area can be satisfactorily estimated also non-intrusively by quick processing of high-speed camera videos. Moreover, schlieren videos of the plasma jet in the anode area were created. 1