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Molecular profiling of oesophagogastric adenocarcinomasShannon, Nicholas January 2011 (has links)
No description available.
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Generation and validation of a revised clinical and molecular classification for oesophageal and junctional adenocarcinomaPeters, Christopher John January 2011 (has links)
No description available.
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Revisiting the infracardiac bursa using multimodal methods: topographic anatomy for surgery of the esophagogastric junction / 多分野からみた食道胃接合部手術における心臓下包の局所解剖の解明Nakamura, Tatsuro 23 March 2020 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第22330号 / 医博第4571号 / 新制||医||1041(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 小西 靖彦, 教授 妹尾 浩, 教授 湊谷 謙司 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM
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Sobrevida e fatores que influenciam a morbi-mortalidade na terapêutica cirúrgica e adjuvante do adenocarcinoma da junção esôfago-gástrica / Survival and morbidity-mortality factors in the surgical and adjuvant treatment of the adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junctionTercioti Junior, Valdir, 1975- 05 February 2013 (has links)
Orientadores: Nelson Adami Andreollo, Luiz Roberto Lopes / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T11:50:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Nos últimos anos a literatura médica tem registrado aumento progressivo da prevalência do adenocarcinoma da junção esôfago-gástrica. O tratamento cirúrgico é a melhor opção, entretanto, vários fatores podem interferir na morbimortalidade. O objetivo do presente estudo é avaliar retrospectivamente a sobrevida e os fatores prognósticos dos pacientes operados por adenocarcinoma da junção esôfago-gástrica submetidos ou não a radioterapia e quimioterapia adjuvantes. Foram revistos os prontuários médicos dos pacientes tratados no Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas no período de 1986 a 2009, para obtenção de informações referentes ao pré e pós-operatório. Assim, os pacientes foram divididos: a) um grupo submetido a tratamento cirúrgico exclusivo; e b) um grupo submetido a cirurgia seguida por radioterapia e quimioterapia adjuvantes. Foram analisados os fatores de morbimortalidade e da sobrevida entre os grupos. Análises de regressão univariada e multivariada de Cox dos fatores de risco para o prognóstico destes pacientes foram realizadas. O nível de significância estatística adotado foi de 5 %. No estudo foram incluídos 103 (N) pacientes assim distribuídos: 1) 78 (75,7%) submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico exclusivo e 2) 25 (24,3%) submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico com radioquimioterapia adjuvante. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos a ressecção cirúrgica com intenção curativa. xxvi Os grupos foram comparáveis quanto a cor, sexo, idade, procedência, classificação de Siewert, tipo histológico, T patológico, N patológico, estadiamento patológico, recidiva tumoral, sintomas pré-operatórios (exceto dor retroesternal), complicações pós-operatórias, técnica de ressecção cirúrgica e técnica de reconstrução do trânsito alimentar. Os resultados mostraram que os grupos foram diferentes quanto ao grau de diferenciação tumoral e ao número de linfonodos. O estudo não mostrou aumento da sobrevida no grupo submetido a tratamento adjuvante em comparação ao grupo submetido a tratamento cirúrgico exclusivo. A análise multivariada de regressão de Cox de toda a casuística concluiu que a recidiva tumoral, a presença de metástase linfonodal e a presença de broncopneumonia no pós-operatório foram fatores de piora no prognóstico / Abstract: In recent years the medical literature has reported a progressive increase in the prevalence of adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction. Surgical treatment is the best option, however, several factors can affect the morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to evaluate retrospectively survival and prognosis of patients operated for adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction, undergoing or not postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy. We reviewed the medical records of patients treated at Hospital de Clinicas of State University of Campinas from 1986 to 2009, to obtain data about pre- and post-operative treatment. The patients were divided into: a) patients undergoing surgical treatment alone; and b) patients undergoing surgery followed by adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy. We analysed morbidity, mortality and survival between groups. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyzes of risk factors for prognosis of these patients were performed. The level of significance was 5%. The study included 103 (N) patients as follows: 1) 78 (75.7%) undergo surgical treatment only; and 2) 25 (24.3%) underwent surgical and adjuvant treatment. All patients underwent surgical resection with curative intent. The groups were comparable in terms of color, sex, age, origin, Siewert classification, histological type, pathological T, pathological N, pathological stage, tumor recurrence, preoperative symptoms (except retrosternal pain), xxviii postoperative complications, technique of surgical resection and technique of reconstruction of the alimentary tract. The groups differed in the degree of tumor differentiation and the number of lymph nodes. The study did not show increase in survival in the group undergoing adjuvant treatment compared to the group treated with surgery alone. Multivariate Cox regression of the whole sample found that tumor recurrence, lymph node metastasis and the presence of postoperative pneumonia were factors worsened prognosis / Doutorado / Fisiopatologia Cirúrgica / Doutor em Ciências
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A esofagogastrectomia total com esofagocoloplastia nas neoplasias do esôfago e transição esôfago-gástrica / Total esophagogastrectomy with colon interposition in the neoplasms of the esophagus and esophagogastric junctionCoelho Neto, João de Souza, 1969- 26 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Nelson Adami Andreollo / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T20:48:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: A esofagogastrectomia total seguida de esofagocoloplastia é um procedimento cirúrgico complexo com alta morbimortalidade. Suas indicações são limitadas a algumas condições, principalmente nas ressecções radicais de grandes tumores da transição esôfago-gástrica que invadem ambas as vísceras e tumores esofágicos em pacientes com gastrectomias prévias. Objetivo: Analisar as indicações e os resultados das esofagogastrectomias totais seguidas de esofagocoloplastias nas neoplasias do esôfago distal e da transição esôfago-gástrica realizadas no Hospital de Clínicas da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da UNICAMP no período de 1989 a 2013. Métodos: Estudo descritivo longitudinal retrospectivo, com os indivíduos submetidos à esofagogastrectomia total seguida de esofagocoloplastia. As variáveis foram obtidas da revisão retrospectiva dos prontuários médicos. Para a análise de sobrevida foi utilizado o método de estimação de Kaplan-Meier. Para as comparações das distribuições de sobrevida foi utilizado o teste de Wilcoxon (Breslow) ou Log Rank. Casuística: Vinte pacientes foram submetidos a esofagogastrectomia total seguida de esofagocoloplastia no Hospital de Clínicas da UNICAMP. Resultados: Em todos os casos, a técnica cirúrgica empregada consistiu em laparotomia mediana e cervicotomia lateral esquerda, sendo a esofagectomia realizada por via transhiatal, associado a linfadenectomia D2. Nas reconstruções foram realizadas nove esofagocoloduodenoplastias e as 11 demais foram esofagocolojejunoplastias em Y de Roux. A via de transposição preferencial foi a transmediastinal (65%). Três casos eram estadios I/II (15%), 15 (85%) eram estadios III/IV, refletindo o diagnóstico tardio destes tumores. A mortalidade peri-operatória foi de cinco pacientes (25%): uma mediastinite secundária à necrose do cólon transposto (5%), uma celulite abdominal secundária a infecção de ferida operatória, uma broncopneumonia grave, um choque irreversível e uma sepse associada a fístula da anastomose colo-jejunal. Não houve óbito no intra-operatório. Quatro pacientes faleceram no primeiro ano de pós-operatório, sendo três (15%) deveram-se a recidiva tumoral e um (5%) secundário a broncopneumonia. A sobrevida global estimada foi de 52,4% em um ano, de 30,6% em três anos e de 22,9% em cinco anos. A sobrevida mediana foi de 12,7 meses. Conclusão: A esofagogastrectomia total associada à esofagocoloplastia é procedimento de elevada morbimortalidade, portanto necessitando indicação precisa. Evidentemente, pacientes corretamente selecionados beneficiam-se da cirurgia. É um procedimento que visa o aumento da sobrevida e a melhora da qualidade de vida / Abstract: Introduction: Total esophagogastrectomy with colon interposition for esophageal replacement is a complex surgical procedure and has high morbidity and mortality ratios. Indications for surgery are limited to some condition when it is necessary to resect both viscera stomach and esophagus or when de stomach is not available due to previous gastrectomy. Objectives: Analyze the indications and the outcomes of total esophagogastrectomy in neoplasms of esophagus and esofagogastric junction performed in State University of Campinas's Hospital between 1989 and 2013. Methods: It is a longitudinal retrospective descriptive study. Medical records were reviewed to obtain data about pre and postoperative treatment. For descriptive analysis and estimation of the survival model it was used Kaplan-Meier curve and Wilcoxon (Breslow) or Log Rank tests. Casuistic: From 1989 to 2013, 20 patients underwent total esophagogastrectomy followed by esophagocoloplasty in the University Hospital Results: In all cases, were performed left neck incision, transhiatal esophagectomy associated to D2 lymphadenectomy. Reconstructions were performed in 9 cases by esophacoloduodenoplasty and esophagocolojejunoplasty in 11 cases (after 2004) in order to avoid alkaline reflux. The colon interposition grafts were performed thru the mediastinum in 65% of the patients. Three cases were stages I / II (15%), while 17 (85%) cases were stages III / IV, reflecting the delayed diagnosis of these tumors. The operative mortality occurred in five patients (25%): one mediastinitis secondary to necrosis of the transposed colon, one cellulites secondary to abdominal wound infection, one severe bronchopneumonia, one severe shock in the immediate post operatory day and one sepsis associated with abdominal colojejunostomy anastomotic leak. Four patients died in the first year after surgery, being three due to tumor recurrence (15%) and one secondary to bronchopneumonia (5%). The estimated overall survival was 52.4% in one year, 30.6% in three years and 22.9% in five years. The median survival was 12.7 months. Conclusion: The total esophagogastrectomy associated to esophagocoloplasty presented high morbidity and mortality, thus requiring precise indication, and of course, properly selected patients benefit greatly from surgery, with the risk-benefit ratio acceptable, improving their quality of life and survival / Doutorado / Fisiopatologia Cirúrgica / Doutor em Ciências
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Optimalizace předooperační a operační léčby karcinomu jícnu a ezfago-gatstrické junkce: využití PET/CT v diagnostice a hodnocení efektivity předoperační chemoterapie a technika konstrukce anastomozy jako faktor pooperačních komplikací po ezofagektomii / Optimization of preoperative and surgical treatment of carcinoma of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction: The use of PET/CT in the diagnosis and evaluation of the effectiveness of preoperative chemotherapy and the technique of anastomotic construction as a factor of postoperative complications after esophagectomyHaruštiak, Tomáš January 2017 (has links)
Key words: adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, PET/CT, histopathological response, technique of esophagogastric anastomosis, anastomotic leak, anastomotic stricture Previous studies have shown that preoperative chemotherapy of locally advanced AEG is beneficial only for patients with a good histopathological response, the so-called responders. The aim of the first part of the thesis was to prospectively verify whether positron emission tomography (PET/CT) could be used for early identification of histopathological non- responders, who could be spared ineffective neoadjuvant treatment. Our study did not prove that the early metabolic response, expressed as the percentage change of the consumption of glucosis on PET/CT performed before (PET1) and 12 to 22 days after the start of the first cycle of preoperative chemotherapy (PET2) correlated with the histopathological response in the resection specimen in the entire population of 90 patients. In a post hoc explorative analysis we found the correlation between metabolic and histopathological response in a subgroup of patients with PET2 performed ≤16 days after the start of the therapy, but this hypothesis needs to be prospectively validated. Our study suggests that PET/CT performed after the first...
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Perioperative complications in obese patients : A thesis on risk reducing strategiesAnder, Fredrik January 2017 (has links)
Aspiration of gastric content and delayed or failed intubation are the leading causes of anesthesia-related mortality and morbidity. In the recovery period, airway obstruction with subsequent hypoxia is a relatively common cause of morbidity, and is highly associated to the amount of opioids administered, especially in obese patients. The overall aim of this thesis was to study these risk factors for airway complications and postoperative hypoxia in obese patients, and to evaluate possible strategies for their prevention. In Study I, intubation times and incidence of failed intubation in obese patients were compared between direct laryngoscopy and videolaryngoscopy with the Stortz® C-MAC™. In Studies II and III, the effect of esmolol vs. remifentanil on the esophageal junction, and the possible analgesic properties of low-dose esmolol vs. placebo were evaluated using high-resolution manometry and the cold pressor test, respectively. Finally, in Study IV, the possible opioid-sparing effect of esmolol after laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery was evaluated. The use of videlaryngoscopy did not shorten intubation times, however appeared to reduce the incidence of failed intubation. Our results also show that esmolol has a favorable profile, compared to remifentanil, with regard to the protection against passive regurgitation and aspiration of gastric content. No analgesic effect of low-dose esmolol was however demonstrated. The intraoperative administration of esmolol instead of remifentanil also did not reduce the requirement of morphine for treatment of post-operative pain. The use of Stortz® C-MAC™ may be recommended for intubation of obese patients. Further studies are however required to clarify the possible role of esmolol in anesthesia.
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Organotypische Schnittkulturen aus humanen Adenokarzinomen des Magens und des gastroösophagealen ÜbergangesKörfer, Karl Justus 30 March 2017 (has links) (PDF)
Gastric and esophagogastric junction cancers are heterogeneous and aggressive tumors with an unpredictable response to cytotoxic treatment. New methods allowing for the analysis of drug resistance are needed. Here, we describe a novel technique by which human tumor specimens can be cultured ex vivo, preserving parts of the natural cancer microenvironment. Using a tissue chop- per, fresh surgical tissue samples were cut in 400 μm slices and cultivated in 6-well plates for up to 6 days. The slices were processed for routine histopa- thology and immunohistochemistry. Cytokeratin stains (CK8, AE1/3) were ap- plied for determining tumor cellularity, Ki-67 for proliferation, and cleaved caspase-3 staining for apoptosis. The slices were analyzed under naive conditions and following 2–4 days in vitro exposure to 5-FU and cisplatin. The slice culture technology allowed for a good preservation of tissue morphology and tumor cell integrity during the culture period. After chemotherapy exposure, a loss of tumor cellularity and an increase in apoptosis were observed. Drug sensitivity of the tumors could be assessed. Organotypic slice cultures of gastric and es- ophagogastric junction cancers were successfully established. Cytotoxic drug effects could be monitored. They may be used to examine mechanisms of drug resistance in human tissue and may provide a unique and powerful ex vivo platform for the prediction of treatment response.
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Parâmetros da manometria de alta resolução para avaliação da junção esofagogástrica e suas relações com o padrão de refluxo avaliado por monitorização prolongada / High Resolution Manometry parameters to assess barrier function of the gastroesophageal junction and its relationship with reflux pattern assessed by prolonged measurementQueiroz, Natália Sousa Freitas 31 January 2018 (has links)
Introdução: A Doença do refluxo gastroesofágico (DRGE) é uma das desordens mais comuns da prática clínica. Dados americanos indicam que pirose, o sintoma mais predominante desta condição, ocorre pelo menos uma vez por semana em até 20% da população estudada. A etiologia da DRGE é multifatorial, mas a incompetência da junção esofagogástrica (JEG) tem importância crucial. Alguns parâmetros manométricos já estabelecidos para avaliação da função de barreira anti-refluxo da JEG apresentam eficácia insuficiente, provavelmente porque refletem apenas um breve e, não necessariamente representativo, período de aquisição (até 30 segundos). Este estudo testou a habilidade de novos métodos para avaliação funcional da JEG, através da manometria de alta resolução (MAR), para avaliação do padrão de refluxo avaliado por monitorização prolongada do pH. Métodos: Estudo multicêntrico internacional, onde 517 participantes foram submetidos à MAR associada ou não à monitorização prolongada do pH para estudo da função de barreira anti-refluxo da JEG. A morfologia da JEG, classificada através de seus três subtipos (tipo I, onde EIE e CD estão interpostos; tipo II, onde há separação entre EIE e CD de até 2 cm; e tipo III, com separação entre EIE e CD superior a 2 cm), pressão integrada do esfíncter inferior do esôfago (PI-EIE) e índice de contratilidade da junção esofagogástrica (IC-JEG) foram comparados com o índice de contratilidade da junção esofagogástrica total (IC-JEG Total), um novo parâmetro que sumariza a função de barreira da JEG durante todo o protocolo da MAR. Foi considerada anormal exposição ácida esofágica >= 4.2 % / 24 h (grupo pH-Reflux-pat), enquanto pacientes sem exposição ácida anormal compuseram o grupo pH-Reflux-fis. Resultados: 65 voluntários sadios e 452 pacientes completaram a MAR. Trezentos e oitenta (84%) dos pacientes foram submetidos à monitorização prolongada do pH. PI-EIE, IC-JEG, IC-JEG Total se correlacionaram com os subtipos morfológicos da JEG (todos p <.00001). Somente o IC-JEG Total foi consistentemente mais baixo nos pacientes pH-Reflux-pat comparados com os voluntários sadios e os pacientes do grupo pH-Reflux-fis. IC-JEG Total também foi o parâmetro isolado com melhor capacidade de predizer refluxo anormal (ponto de corte ótimo 77 mmHg·cm, AUC 0.645, p < .0001). Esse valor de ponto de corte apresentou sensibilidade de 86% e valor preditivo positivo de 57%, com especificidade de 39% e valor preditivo negativo de 74% para o diagnóstico de DRGE. Conclusão: Parâmetros da MAR que avaliam a contratilidade da JEG são capazes de distinguir pacientes com e sem exposição ácida patológica e voluntários sadios. IC-JEG Total permite um aprimoramento da avaliação da função de barreira da JEG / Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most common disorders in medical practice. Data from North America indicate that heartburn, the most predominant symptom of the disorder, occurs at least once a week in 20% of the studied population. Etiology of GERD is multifactorial, but incompetence of the esophagogastric junction (EGJ) appears to be of crucial importance. Established manometric parameters for assessment of EGJ barrier function are sub-optimal, potentially because they reflect only a very brief (up to 30 seconds), not necessarily representative period. This study tested the performance of novel, high-resolution manometry (HRM) parameters of EGJ function in the assessment of GERD. Methods: Patients with reflux symptoms and healthy controls (HC) underwent standard HRM associated or not with 24-hour pH monitoring. EGJ morphology, classified in three subtypes (type I, with complete overlap of the CD and the LES; type II, with minimal LES-CD separation; and type III, with LES-CD separation greater than 2 centimeters), lower esophageal sphincter pressure integral (LES-PI) and EGJ contractile integral (EGJ-CI) were compared with total-EGJ-CI, a novel parameter summarizing EGJ barrier function during the entire HRM protocol. Esophageal acid exposure >= 4.2%/24 h (pH-Reflux-pat) were considered pathological. Key Results: Sixty five HC and 452 patients completed HRM, 380 (84%) patients underwent ambulatory reflux-monitoring. LES-PI, EGJ-CI and total- EGJ- CI correlated with EGJ morphology subtypes (all p < .00001). Only total-EGJCI was consistently lower in pH-Reflux-pat subjects compared with HC and patients without GERD. Total-EGJ-CI was also the single best parameter for prediction of pathological reflux (optimal cut-off 77 mmHg·cm, AUC 0.645, P <.0001). This cutoff value showed good sensitivity 86% and positive predictive value 57%, modest specificity 39% and good negative predictive value 74% for GERD diagnosis based on pH-monitoring. Conclusion: Novel HRM parameters of EGJ function are efficient in identifying patients with and without pathological acid exposure and HC. Total EGJ-CI, a new metric that summarizes EGJ contractility over time, allows an improved assessment of EGJ barrier function
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"Tratamento dos tumores avançados da junção esofagogástrica por prótese auto-expansível com válvula anti-refluxo" / Antireflux valve self-expanding stent in the treatment of advanced gastroesophageal junction tumorsCheng, Spencer 14 December 2005 (has links)
Introdução: A colocação de próteses através da junção esofagogástrica propicia o refluxo gastroesofágico. Objetivos e métodos: Avaliação da paliação da disfagia, manifestações broncoaspirativas, parâmetros nutricionais e qualidade de vida de 30 pacientes com tumores avançados da junção esofagogástrica tratados por prótese metálica auto-expansível com válvula anti-refluxo de 2001 a 2004. Resultados: Melhora da disfagia e regurgitação. Sem alteração na tosse, eructação, pirose, parâmetros nutricionais e qualidade de vida. Conclusões: A prótese com válvula anti-refluxo foi eficaz na paliação da disfagia, impediu a ocorrência de manifestações broncoaspirativas, não interferiu nos parâmetros nutricionais e qualidade de vida / Background: Placement of stents through the gastroesophageal junction can cause reflux. Objective and methods: Evaluate dysphagia palliation, aspiration symptoms, nutritional parameters and quality of life in 30 patients treated for advanced gastroesophageal junction tumors with a self-expanding metal stent with anti-reflux valve from 2001 to 2004. Results: Dysphagia and regurgitation symptoms improved after placement. There was no changes in heartburn, cough, belching symptoms and also no improvement in nutritional parameters or quality of life. Conclusions: Antireflux valve self-expanding stents was effective in dysphagia palliation, avoided aspiration symptoms and did not affect nutritional parameters or quality of life
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