Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2003. / Härtill 6 uppsatser.

Lic.-avh. Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniv. / Härtill 2 uppsatser.

Univ., Diss.--Utrecht, 2008.

Diss. Stockholm : Handelshögskolan, 2007.

Thesis (doctoral)--Technische Universität, Berlin, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references.

Contemporary musicological analysis of the musical languages and aesthetics of post-Soviet states has largely avoided the effect of independence, political and social integration into the EU, and the unanticipated preponderance of sonic information and exchange on composers working and living in the Baltic States. The diffusion of composers and musicians from the Baltic States in the 1990s and 2000s, the lack of a focal point of artistic contention and backlash after the collapse of the Soviet Union, as well as a social and intellectual realignment toward the EU and Western Europe have all distinctly affected Baltic nations' musical identities. This research examines the development of Estonian music over the period of twenty years, 1991-2011; initially, by comparing compositional processes, musical motives, scoring, harmony, and orchestration techniques of the post-Soviet to the Soviet eras; further, by defining aspects of the native Estonian musical identity as relevant to modern classical music and analysing its integration into concert music; next, by detailing the political effects of such integration, if any, during the Soviet period and their continued relevance since independence; the so-called exodus of Estonian composers into Scandinavia and further afield, the arrival of foreign composers; finally, the social effects of internationalism and the extent of Estonian composers' and audiences' focus on distinctly national versus international traditions within the realm of concert music.

The focus of this thesis is on the investment climate in Estonia. The text is mainly descriptive and analytical, written using topic-related literature and statistical data. It comprises four chapters, the first two chapters aim to define investments and transnational corporations, the last two chapters describe the macroeconomic situation of the whole Baltic region, including the Republic of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. The purpose of the thesis is to give its reader a brief background of Estonian economy and to analyse manufacturing sector in Estonia by comparing the efficiency in the enterprises and Estonian-owned and foreign owned enterprises.

Syftet med den här studien har varit att presentera ett underlag till konstruktion av en bogvisirmodell som skall kunna gå att styras med en PLC-enhet och som kan användas i undervisningssyfte för PLC-programmering. Underlaget förankrades i verkligheten genom en fältstudie och en litteraturstudie. Fältstudien inspirerade utformandet av bogvisirmodellen och bidrog med värdefull insikt i hur bogvisir fungerar. Litteraturstudien har bestått av två delar där en del har fokuserat på att undersöka regelverk som berör konstruktion av bogvisir och den andra delen har studerat hur två katastrofer, som involverade bogöppningar, har påverkat reglerna som rör bogvisir i SOLAS-konventionen. Litteraturstudien resulterade i två sammanställningar. En sammanställning av de regler ifrån SOLAS-konventionen, Transportstyrelsen och DNV-GL som reglerar konstruktion av bogvisir och en sammanställning av hur två katastrofer som involverar bogöppningar har påverkat reglerna i SOLAS-konventionen. Materialet ifrån fältstudien och litteraturstudien har använts till att utveckla ett underlag för hur en bogvisirmodell som styrs av en PLC-enhet, och som skall gå att använda i undervisningssyfte, kan konstrueras. / The purpose of this paper is to present design material that can be used to build a bow visor model which is controlled by a PLC unit and can be utilized as a tool when educating students in PLC programming. A field study and a literature study have been conducted to make the bow visor model realistic. The field study has inspired the design of the bow visor model and contributed valuable insight into the workings of a bow visor. The literature study consists of two parts where one part focused on studying regulations that regulates the design of a bow visor and the other part focused on studying how two disasters that involve bow doors have impacted the regulation in the SOLAS Convention. The literature study resulted in two compilations. One compilation consists of regulations from the SOLAS Convention, the Swedish Transportation Agency and DNV-GL regulating the design of bow visors and the other compilation consists of changes in the SOLAS Conventions regulations that are a direct result of two disasters that involve bow doors. The result of the field study and the literature study have been used to develop the design material for how a bow visor model, that is controlled by a PLC unit and can be used for educational purposes, can be built.

Contemporary media research highlights the importance of empirically analysing the relationships between media and age, changing user patterns over the life course, and generational experiences within media discourse beyond the widely hyped buzz terms such as the ‘digital natives’, ‘Google generation’, and other digitally and technologically capable generation groups. This doctoral thesis seeks to define the ‘repertoires’ of news media that different generations use to obtain topical information and create their ‘media space’. It contributes to the development of a framework within which to analyse generational features in news audiences by putting the main focus on the cultural view of generations. This perspective was first introduced by Karl Mannheim in 1928. Departing from his legacy, generations can be better conceived as social formations that are built on self-identification, rather than equally distributed cohorts. With the purpose of discussing the emergence of various ‘audiencing’ patterns from the perspectives of age, life course and generational identity, the thesis presents Estonia – a post-Soviet Baltic state – as an empirical example of a transforming society with a dynamic media landscape which is witnessing the expanding impact of new media and a shift to digitisation.The thesis is based on data from two nationally representative cross-section surveys on media use and media attitudes (conducted during the 2002-2012 period) and focus group discussions, that are used to map similarities and differences among five generation cohorts born between 1932 and 1997 with regard to the access and use of the established news media, thematic preferences and spatial orientations of media use, and discursive approach to news formats. The findings demonstrate remarkable differences between the cohorts, suggesting that they could be merged into three main groups that represent the prevailing types of relations with the news media. Yet, the study also reveals that attitudes and behaviour (including media behaviour), are not necessarily divided by year of birth, but are more and more dispersed along individualised interests and preferences. / Audiences in the Age of media Convergence: Media Generations in Estonia and Sweden

The border between Russia and Estonia has undergone significant changes in the past two and a half decades from a border between two Soviet republics to an international border and external EU border. In the public discourse and the scholarly literature, this border has been characterised as a battlefield shaped by divergent geopolitical visions and evaluations of the shared past. While Estonia has sought to distance itself from Russia and condemns the Soviet past as an occupation, Russia derives pride from its historical role in liberating Europe in World War II and continues to hold on to positive memories of the Soviet past and its role in the Baltic states. The thesis looks at how these official narratives have been negotiated locally in the once united border towns of Narva and Ivangorod in the Russian-Estonian borderland. Based on an extended fieldwork stay and the analysis 58 life-story interviews with people living on both sides of the border, it examines how people living in the borderland position themselves in the context of shifting narrative and structural frameworks. How do they re-evaluate the relations to the other side and reconsider their memories of the shared past? In examining these questions, the thesis seeks to make two general contributions to existing literature: it brings together the fields of border studies and memory studies to explore the reconfiguration of both temporal and spatial orderings in the making of a border. Secondly, it outlines a model for studying border change that focuses on the interrelations between the vernacular and the official level. The first part of the thesis looks at the politics of temporal orderings in the borderland and explores how people belonging to different ethnic groups and generations remember the past in the context of changing borders. It shows how people in part reproduce the polarised narratives mobilised at the official level but also how local experiences and generational change lead to a diversification of temporal orderings. The second part of the thesis explores the politics of spatial orderings in post-socialist memories. It looks at how by remembering the past people both reproduce and undermine borders; it demonstrates that it is not simply the memories of a shared past but also new inequalities following the establishment of the border that shape the ways in which people relate to their cross-border neighbours. Overall, the thesis provides a complex and differentiated account of border change in which different temporalities and spatialities at the vernacular and official levels can interact, interrelate and stand in opposition to each other. It shows that although people living in the borderland experience constraints and even powerlessness in the face of changes in the border, they have an active role in negotiating the changes and develop multiple responses to official narratives. It demonstrates how by appropriating official narratives and relating them to their own purposes, people articulate local concerns and make claims for belonging, recognition and state care in the face of the changes.