京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第20160号 / 理博第4245号 / 新制||理||1610(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院理学研究科数学・数理解析専攻 / (主査)教授 望月 新一, 教授 岡本 久, 教授 玉川 安騎男 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

In this thesis we study various ways in which every two general points on a variety can be connected by curves of a fixed genus, thus mimicking the notion of a rationally connected variety but for arbitrary genus. We assume the existence of a covering family of curves which dominates the product of a variety with itself either by allowing the curves in the family to vary in moduli, or by assuming the family is trivial for some fixed curve of genus g. A suitably free curve will be one with a large unobstructed deformation space, the images of whose deformations can join any number of points on a variety. We prove that, at least in characteristic zero, the existence of such a free curve of higher genus is equivalent to the variety being rationally connected. If one restricts to the case of genus one, similar results can be obtained even allowing the curves in the family to vary in moduli. In later chapters we study algebraic properties of such varieties and discuss attempts to prove the same rational connectedness result in positive characteristic.

This thesis concerns the study of chiral algebras over schemes of arbitrary dimension n. In Chapter I, we construct a chiral algebra over each smooth variety X of dimension n. We do this via the Hilbert scheme of points of X, which we use to build a factorisation space over X. Linearising this space produces a factorisation algebra over X, and hence, by Koszul duality, the desired chiral algebra. We begin the chapter with an overview of the theory of factorisation and chiral algebras, before introducing our main constructions. We compute the chiral homology of our factorisation algebra, and show that the D-modules underlying the corresponding chiral algebras form a universal D-module of dimension n. In Chapter II, we discuss the theory of universal D-modules and OO- modules more generally. We show that universal modules are equivalent to sheaves on certain stacks of étale germs of n-dimensional varieties. Furthermore, we identify these stacks with the classifying stacks of groups of automorphisms of the n-dimensional disc, and hence obtain an equivalence between the categories of universal modules and the representation categories of these groups. We also define categories of convergent universal modules and study them from the perspectives of the stacks of étale germs and the representation theory of the automorphism groups.

Soient $k$ un corps de caractéristique nulle et $G$ un $k$-groupe algébrique linéaire. Il est bien connu que si $G$ est abélien, les torseurs sous $G_(X)$ sur un $k$-schéma $\pi:X\rightarrow \textup(Spec)\;k$ fournissent une obstruction à l'existence de points $k$-rationnels sur $X$, puisque la suite spectrale de Leray donne dans les bons cas (\textit(e.g.) $X$ propre) une suite exacte de groupes sur laquelle on peut directement lire l'obstruction à ce qu'un $\bar(G)_(X)$-torseur $\bar(P)\rightarrow\bar(X)$ de corps des modules $k$ soit défini sur $k$, \textit(i.e.) qu'il provienne par extension des scalaires à la cl(ô)ture algébrique $\bar(k)$ de $k$ d'un $G_(X)$-torseur $P\rightarrow X$. Le point crucial est que cette obstruction est mesurée par une gerbe, qui est neutre lorsque $X$ possède un point $k$-rationnel. On essaye ici d'étendre ce résultat au cas non-commutatif, et on en déduit (sous certaines conditions) des obstructions cohomologiques non-abéliennes à l'existence de points $k$-rationnels sur $X$, et des résultats sur la descente des torseurs.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第22232号 / 理博第4546号 / 新制||理||1653(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院理学研究科数学・数理解析専攻 / (主査)教授 望月 新一, 教授 玉川 安騎男, 准教授 星 裕一郎 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DGAM

<p>For a prime p>2 and a smooth proper p-adic formal scheme X over O_K where K is a p-adic field of absolute ramification degree e, we study a series of conditions (Cr_s), s>=0 that partially control the G_K-action on the image of the associated Breuil-Kisin prismatic cohomology RΓ_Δ(X/S) inside the A_inf-prismatic cohomology RΓ_Δ(X_Ainf/A_inf). The condition (Cr₀) is a criterion for a Breuil-Kisin-Fargues G_K-module to induce a crystalline representation used by Gee and Liu, and thus leads to a proof of crystallinity of Hⁱ_et(X_CK, Q_p) that avoids the crystalline comparison. The higher conditions (Cr_s) are used in an adaptation of a ramification bounds strategy of Caruso and Liu. As a result, we establish ramification bounds for the mod p representations Hⁱ_et(X_CK, Z/pZ) for arbitrary e and i, which extend or improve existing bounds in various situations.</p>

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第20158号 / 理博第4243号 / 新制||理||1610(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院理学研究科数学・数理解析専攻 / (主査)教授 望月 新一, 教授 岡本 久, 教授 玉川 安騎男 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DFAM