Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2006. / Title from title screen. Timothy Renick, committee chair; Kathryn McClymond, Timothy O'Keefe, committee members. Electronic text (48 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Apr. 24, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 47-48).

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Thesis (M.A.B.S.)--International School of Theology, 1990. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 52-57).

Thesis (S.T.D.)--Concordia Seminary, St. Louis, 1993. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 277-292).

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Yes / Research ethics review by ethics committees has grown in importance since the end of the Nuremberg trials in 1949. However, ethics committees have come under increasing criticisms either for been ‘toothless or too fierce’ (Fistein & Quilligan, 2012:224). This paper presents a personal account of my experience in obtaining ethical approval for my PhD study from a UK university and the ethical dilemmas encountered in the fieldwork in Ghana. In this paper I question whether strict adherence to ethical guidelines developed from western perspectives is useful in conducting research in non-western societies. As more academics are increasingly been mandated to undertake international research, the paper argues for more flexibility in the ethical approval process to accommodate cultural differences.

Background: The development of artificial intelligence (AI) is ever increasing, especially in the telecom and IT industry due to its great potential competitive advantage. However, AI is implemented at a fast phase in society with insufficient consideration for the ethical implications. Luckily, different initiatives and organizations are now launching ethical principles to prevent possible negative effects stemming from AI usage. One example is the Ethical Framework for AI by Floridi et al., (2018) who established five ethical principles for sustainable AI with inspiration from bioethics. Moreover, Sweden as a country is taking AI ethics seriously since the government is on a mission to be the world leader in harnessing artificial intelligence. Problem: The research in the field of ethical artificial intelligence is increasing but is still in its infancy where the majority of the academic articles are conceptual papers. Moreover, the few frameworks that exist for responsible AI are not always action-guiding and applicable to all AI applications and contexts. Purpose: This study aims to contribute with empirical evidence within the topic of artificial intelligence ethics and investigate the relevancy of an existing framework, namely the Ethical Framework for AI by Floridi et al., (2018), in the IT and telecom industry in Sweden. Method: A qualitative multiple-case study of ten semi-structured interviews with participants from the companies EVRY and Ericsson. The findings have later been connected to the literature within the field of artificial intelligence and ethics. Results: The most reasonable interpretation from the findings and analysis is that some parts of the framework are relevant, while others are not. Specifically, the principles of autonomy and non- maleficence seem to be applicable, meanwhile justice and explicability appear to only be partially supported by the participants and beneficence is suggested to not be relevant due to several reasons.

The aim of this research study is to explore what ethical issues emerge in the Indonesian mining industry? What shapes the emergence of these issues and how do organisations engage with them? Many research studies (e.g. Dierksmeier, 2013; Bowie, 2002; Cragg, 2002; and Moberg, 1997) emphasise the relevance of ethical theories in understanding ethical issues in business organisations. However, there remains a significant gap in the business ethics literature in understanding ethical issues in a context-sensitive manner. There is little awareness in most of these studies of the influence of the social structure of a multi-ethnic and multicultural society like Indonesia or of the specific industrial and organisational contexts which are being explored. There is therefore a challenge for researchers to provide a conceptual framework to study ethical issues which will fit the Indonesian mining companies’ situation. This research employed Critical Realism (CR) and a qualitative approach. Data was collected from forty-eight participant interviews with managers and employees of four mining companies in Indonesia. This made it possible to understand what ethical issues emerge in the mining industry and to examine what shapes their emergence, as well as how mining companies engage with the ethical issues. The findings revealed that the companies’ ethical concerns result from the particular characteristics of the industry and the Indonesian national culture. However, their ethical concerns typically reside in risk management and regulatory compliance. The findings showed that cultural mechanisms shape the emergence of ethical issues in the industry: family perspective and paternalism, religiosity, and multi-ethnicity. The study findings suggest that the mechanisms shaping the emergence of ethical issues at the organisations presented at times conflicting cases of instrumental or possibly unethical behaviour but also evidence of set rules and regulations as well as moral awareness, practices aimed at considering others and stakeholders’ interests. This research argues that to understand the ethical issues and how business organisations engage with them in a multi-ethnic and multicultural context, it is essential to ground the conceptual framework in both ethical theories and specific cultural sensitivities, as only then can the full story be grasped.