<p dir="ltr">This study investigated the association between food sufficiency and self-evaluated health status, along with the major determinants influencing them, such as food accessibility, participation in food assistance programs, gender, trust in health-care provider, transportation accessibility, generations, etc. In this research, we applied a bivariate ordered probit model to two different datasets: the North Central Region: Baseline Survey 2022 (NCR-Stat: Baseline) and the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) to examine the potential association between the various determinants and food sufficiency and self-evaluated health. As obtained, the results from the NCR-Stat dataset suggest that food accessibility and trust in healthcare providers are positively associated with better self-evaluated health and food sufficiency. Additionally, female respondents tend to report negative health association and significant food insufficiency compared to their male counterparts. The findings from the NHIS dataset indicated a positive association between transportation accessibility to healthcare facilities and better health and food security. Similar to the NCR-Stat results, female respondents from NHIS experienced higher levels of food insecurity. However, younger generations demonstrated positive association with better health, but negative association with food security in NHIS, which is similar to the North Central Region’s (NCR) survey data outcomes. We also found that homeownership, physical activity, higher educational attainment, and higher income levels positively correlate with food sufficiency and better self-reported health for the respondents of both datasets.</p>

Oxidation flow reactors (OFRs) using low-pressure Hg lamp emission at 185 and 254 nm produce OH radicals efficiently and are widely used in atmospheric chemistry and other fields. However, knowledge of detailed OFR chemistry is limited, allowing speculation in the literature about whether some non-OH reactants, including several not relevant for tropospheric chemistry, may play an important role in these OFRs. These non-OH reactants are UV radiation, O(¹D), O(³P), and O₃. In this study, we investigate the relative importance of other reactants to OH for the fate of reactant species in OFR under a wide range of conditions via box modeling. The relative importance of non-OH species is less sensitive to UV light intensity than to water vapor mixing ratio (H₂O) and external OH reactivity (OHR_ext), as both non-OH reactants and OH scale roughly proportionally to UV intensity. We show that for field studies in forested regions and also the urban area of Los Angeles, reactants of atmospheric interest are predominantly consumed by OH. We find that O(¹D), O(³P), and O₃ have relative contributions to volatile organic compound (VOC) consumption that are similar or lower than in the troposphere. The impact of O atoms can be neglected under most conditions in both OFR and troposphere. We define “riskier OFR conditions” as those with either low H₂O (< 0.1 %) or high OHR_ext ( ≥  100 s⁻¹ in OFR185 and > 200 s⁻¹ in OFR254). We strongly suggest avoiding such conditions as the importance of non-OH reactants can be substantial for the most sensitive species, although OH may still dominate under some riskier conditions, depending on the species present. Photolysis at non-tropospheric wavelengths (185 and 254 nm) may play a significant (> 20 %) role in the degradation of some aromatics, as well as some oxidation intermediates, under riskier reactor conditions, if the quantum yields are high. Under riskier conditions, some biogenics can have substantial destructions by O₃, similarly to the troposphere. Working under low O₂ (volume mixing ratio of 0.002) with the OFR185 mode allows OH to completely dominate over O₃ reactions even for the biogenic species most reactive with O₃. Non-tropospheric VOC photolysis may have been a problem in some laboratory and source studies, but can be avoided or lessened in future studies by diluting source emissions and working at lower precursor concentrations in laboratory studies and by humidification. Photolysis of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) samples is estimated to be significant (> 20 %) under the upper limit assumption of unity quantum yield at medium (1 × 10¹³ and 1.5 × 10¹⁵ photons cm⁻² s⁻¹ at 185 and 254 nm, respectively) or higher UV flux settings. The need for quantum yield measurements of both VOC and SOA photolysis is highlighted in this study. The results of this study allow improved OFR operation and experimental design and also inform the design of future reactors.

校長是學校的掌舵者，也是形塑學校組織文化的導引者。研究想透過四大研究問題（一）榮獲六項特優之校長如何擬定校務發展計畫及學校願景。（二）榮獲六項特優之校長主要的領導理念、如何帶領學校同仁達成預期發展目標。（三）榮獲六項特優之校長如何促使學校行政、教師會及家長會良性互動，共創三贏。（四）榮獲六項特優之校長的用人哲學。瞭解校務評鑑榮獲六項特優學校校長領導之特性。 本研究採深度訪談法，以榮獲臺北市國中校務評鑑六項皆特優之校長為訪談對象，輔以研究者自行設計之開放式問卷，請六所學校各一位主任、組長、教師與家長，分別就其所觀察校長領導之作為，協助填答，研究結論如下： 一、校長高瞻遠矚，都把學校願景與校務發展目標弄清楚，所有問題看短程、中程及長程三個方向。 二、學校組織的控制與管理，有了願景與校務發展目標、有人員、有組織，要如何控管？問題來了要怎麼解決？都能列出問題的先後緩急，並提出解決之道，達成預期目標。 三、 要了解學校組織結構文化，並與社區家長建立良好關係。學校組織注重的就是團隊合作，整合協調團體的力量，才能共創三贏。 四、 要知人善任，激勵同仁，充分了解學校同仁努力及所獲得的成果，多鼓勵、多獎賞，提供資源，支持同仁改革創新。 本研究建議如下： ㄧ、以校長評鑑制度及提供師傅校長的支持系統，促進校長專業成長與獲得應有的協助。 二、建立正確領導理念，要有好的領導績效，可從願景、品格、人性、學習、影響力等方向努力。 三、努力修練成為第五級領導人，除堅持教育專業理念外，應以人性關懷的謙和態度，耐心傾聽與接納同仁、家長意見。 四、堅守用人唯才原則，盡心盡力，無愧良知。 / A principal is the head of a school and a director who shapes the school culture. This study attempts to understand the characteristics of the leadership of principals of six Taipei municipal junior high schools evaluated as excellent in school affairs. This study explores four research questions: 1. How do these principals devise their plans of school affairs development and their school vision? 2. What are the main leading concepts of these principals and how do these principals achieve their goals with their staff? 3. How do these principals encourage good interaction among the school administration, the Teachers Association, and the Parents Association? 4. What are the employment concepts of these principals? The in-depth interviews are used as the research method in this study. Six principals are interviewed. Their junior high schools are evaluated as excellent in school affairs. In addition, an open questionnaire devised by me is answered by one office director, one section chief, one teacher, and one parent of each school. Through their observation of their principal’s leadership, they filled out the questionnaires. The conclusions are as in the following: 1. These principals see far and think big. Their school visions and school development goals are very clear. They see everything in three directions: the short-term, mid-term and long-term. 2. With the visions and school development goals, with employees and organizations, these principals know exactly how to control and manage the school organization, and they know how to solve problems. They can always solve problems according to their priority and achieve their goals. 3. These principals understand the school culture. They establish good relationship with parents and the community. Team work is the focus of their school organizations. Good integration and coordination is the key to win-win situation. 4. These principals know how to choose the right person for the right position. They understand how hard the staff works and how great are their efforts. With appreciation and encouragement, they know how to inspire the staff, how to provide resources to the staff, and how to support the staff to try something new. The suggestions of this study are as in the following: 1. The principal evaluation system and the support system of “the master principal” should be established to help principals’ professional development. 2. Good leadership effects come from correct leadership concepts. Principals can try to improve their visions, characters, personality, learning, and influences. 3. Principals should try hard to be the fifth-grade leaders. In addition to their professional concepts, they should listen to and accept opinions from staff and parents with modest attitude. 4. Principals should employ the right person for the right position. They should always try their best and follow their conscience.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:56:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Carolina Reboucas Bressane.pdf: 727546 bytes, checksum: 7e9c7da5ed409996d6dd6c183a9afc4c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-05-19 / The present study aims to identify possible relationships among evaluative processes developed at the school and the establishment of professional teaching identities. Specifically aims to identify evaluative practices that produce a greater degree of legitimacy and recognition by the subject teacher, which, in turn, may contribute to the processes of identity negotiation. The work of data analysis is oriented in a qualitative perspective. The data collection was done in two private institutions in the city of São Paulo. The selected institutions have formalized their practices work of institutional assessment, which has three pillars: the evaluation of the structure and school functioning, the evaluation of the performance of the educators (teachers, managers and employees) and the assessment of the student s learning. Six subjects were interviewed, with, two coordinators and four professors of Basic Education. Individual interviews with teachers and for the coordinators for later transcription were performed. The interview scripts are characterized as semi - structured and were formulated for the teachers, who put themselves in a position of reviews and coordinators, which are those that, usually, generally assume the role of appraisers. The data collection was as follows: the coordinator stated, in his opinion, two teachers from the same institution for the interview, one that was most closely identified with the school s proposal and other that was less identified with the proposed school. Six categories were used for the data collection. They are: choice of subjects, evaluation practices developed at the institution X practices that contributed to the teacher s professional growth; evaluation s criterion, criteria for the allocation of judgments; refusals and trading strategies ; legitimacy degree. The data results pointed to some aspects: the formative assessment was indicated by the teachers as the a contributor to the professional growth , the surveyed schools do not reverted the data obtained in the evaluations of teachers in their training processes , the lack of participation of the teachers in defining the evaluation criteria interfered with clarity as to what is expected by the institution as " teacher quality ", the relationship that teachers have established with the reviewer favored the acceptance of delivered judgments in situations of evaluation, a partnership established that the evaluated subject reported to the evaluator ensured greater legitimacy to the evaluation processes . This work highlights the importance of the evaluative processes of an educational nature in the constitution of professional teaching identities and the relevance of the reported link between subject and evaluator subject to processes of identity negotiation / O presente estudo tem como objetivo identificar possíveis relações entre processos avaliativos desenvolvidos no espaço escolar e a constituição de identidades profissionais docentes. Tem como objetivo específico identificar práticas avaliativas que produzam maior grau de legitimidade e reconhecimento por parte do sujeito professor, o que, por sua vez, pode contribuir com os processos de negociação identitária. O trabalho de análise dos dados orienta-se em uma perspectiva qualitativa. A coleta de dados foi feita em duas instituições particulares da cidade de São Paulo. As instituições escolhidas têm formalizado em suas práticas um trabalho de avaliação institucional, que contempla três pilares: o da avaliação da estrutura e funcionamento escolar, o da avaliação de desempenho dos educadores (docentes, gestores e funcionários) e o da avaliação da aprendizagem dos alunos. Seis sujeitos foram entrevistados, sendo: dois coordenadores pedagógicos e quatro docentes da Educação Básica. Foram realizadas entrevistas individuais com os professores e coordenadores pedagógicos, para posterior transcrição. Os roteiros de entrevista se caracterizaram como semi-estruturados e foram formulados para os professores, que se colocaram numa posição de avaliados e para os coordenadores, que são aqueles que, nessa relação, geralmente, assumem o papel de avaliadores. O trabalho de coleta ocorreu da seguinte forma: o coordenador indicou, a seu juízo, dois professores da mesma instituição para a realização da entrevista, um que mais se identificou com a proposta da escola e outro que menos se identificou com a proposta da escola. Para o trabalho de análise dos dados foram utilizadas seis categorias. São elas: escolha dos sujeitos; práticas avaliativas desenvolvidas na instituição X práticas que contribuiram com o crescimento profissional docente; critérios de avaliação; critérios para a atribuição dos julgamentos; recusas e estratégias de negociação; grau de legitimidade. Os resultados da pesquisa apontaram para alguns aspectos: a avaliação de caráter formativo foi indicada pelos professores como aquela que mais contribuiu com o crescimento profissional; as escolas pesquisadas não reverteram os dados obtidos nas avaliações de professores em processos de formação; a falta de participação dos professores na definição dos critérios de avaliação interferiu na clareza dos mesmos em relação ao que é esperado pela instituição como qualidade docente ; o vínculo que os professores estabeleceram com o avaliador favoreceu a aceitação dos julgamentos proferidos em situações de avaliação; a relação de parceria que o sujeito avaliado estabeleceu com o sujeito avaliador garantiu maior legitimidade aos processos avaliativos. O presente trabalho evidencia a importância dos processos avaliativos de natureza educativa no processo de constituição das identidades profissionais docentes e a relevância do vínculo entre sujeito avaliado e sujeito avaliador para os processos de negociação identitária

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:52:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:00:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Tese (Doutoramento) / IPEN/T / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:52:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:00:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Os pára-raios radioativos foram fabricados no Brasil até 1989, quando a Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear (CNEN) suspendeu a concessão de uso de material radioativo nesses artefatos. Desde então, o pára-raios radioativo tem sido substituído por outro, do tipo Franklin, e recolhido como rejeito radioativo. Entretanto, apenas 23 % do total fabricado no país foram entregues à CNEN. Esta situação é preocupante, pois a chance, desses artefatos serem descartados como resíduo comum e chegarem a lixões, é grande, uma vez que, segundo dados do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), em 2000, 63,6 % dos municípios brasileiros dispunham o resíduo nesses locais. Além disso, o amerício, o radionuclídeo mais empregado, é classificado como sendo um elemento de alta toxicidade, quando ingerido ou inalado. No presente trabalho, foram realizados experimentos de migração de Am-241 em lisímetros, com o objetivo de se avaliar o risco de contaminação provocada por pára-raios radioativos descartados como resíduo comum. Fontes radioativas removidas de pára-raios foram inseridas em lisímetros preenchidos com resíduo orgânico, coletado no restaurante do Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, IPEN-CNEN/SP, e chorume gerado foi periodicamente analisado para determinar suas características como pH, potencial redox, teor de sólidos e a concentração do material radioativo. O crescimento microbiano também foi avaliado, pelo método de contagem direta do número de unidades formadoras de colônia. A estimativa de risco foi baseada no cálculo de dose para membros do público, sendo a ingestão de água a via mais provável de exposição. O valor obtido foi cerca de 1000 vezes inferior ao limite de dose anual estabelecido, pela Comissão Internacional de Proteção Radiológica (ICRP), demonstrando que o risco de contaminação provocado pelo descarte de pára-raios em lixões é baixo. / Tese (Doutoramento) / IPEN/T / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP

The system of evaluating and rewarding employees is a part of human resources management in developing companies. To analyze the current system of evaluating and rewarding the employees of the company KELLER, is the aim of this thesis - special creation of Ltd and creation of better motivation plan to increase their working efficiency. In the theoretical part of the thesis there are processed literary sources and information on the topic of evaluating and rewarding employees. The practical part concurs theoretical knowledge of employees evaluation and reward and makes suggestions and recommendations to create a new system according to company needs with an effort to improve the way of employees evaluation and reward.

Most optimisation problems in everyday life are not static in nature, have multiple objectives and at least two of the objectives are in conflict with one another. However, most research focusses on either static multi-objective optimisation (MOO) or dynamic singleobjective optimisation (DSOO). Furthermore, most research on dynamic multi-objective optimisation (DMOO) focusses on evolutionary algorithms (EAs) and only a few particle swarm optimisation (PSO) algorithms exist. This thesis proposes a multi-swarm PSO algorithm, dynamic Vector Evaluated Particle Swarm Optimisation (DVEPSO), to solve dynamic multi-objective optimisation problems (DMOOPs). In order to determine whether an algorithm solves DMOO efficiently, functions are required that resembles real world DMOOPs, called benchmark functions, as well as functions that quantify the performance of the algorithm, called performance measures. However, one major problem in the field of DMOO is a lack of standard benchmark functions and performance measures. To address this problem, an overview is provided from the current literature and shortcomings of current DMOO benchmark functions and performance measures are discussed. In addition, new DMOOPs are introduced to address the identified shortcomings of current benchmark functions. Guides guide the optimisation process of DVEPSO. Therefore, various guide update approaches are investigated. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis of DVEPSO is conducted to determine the influence of various parameters on the performance of DVEPSO. The investigated parameters include approaches to manage boundary constraint violations, approaches to share knowledge between the sub-swarms and responses to changes in the environment that are applied to either the particles of the sub-swarms or the non-dominated solutions stored in the archive. From these experiments the best DVEPSO configuration is determined and compared against four state-of-the-art DMOO algorithms. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Computer Science / unrestricted

An exploratory analysis in low-dimensional objective space of the vector evaluated particle swarm optimization (VEPSO) algorithm is presented. A novel visualization technique is presented and applied to perform the exploratory analysis. The exploratory analysis together with a quantitative analysis revealed that the VEPSO algorithm continues to explore without exploiting the well-performing areas of the search space. A detailed investigation into the influence that the choice of archive implementation has on the performance of the VEPSO algorithm is presented. Both the Pareto-optimal front (POF) solution diversity and convergence towards the true POF is considered during the investigation. Attainment surfaces are investigated for their suitability in efficiently comparing two multi-objective optimization (MOO) algorithms. A new measure to objectively compare algorithms in multi-dimensional objective space, based on attainment surfaces, is presented. This measure, referred to as the porcupine measure, adapts the attainment surface measure by using a statistical test along with weighted intersection lines. Loosely based on the VEPSO algorithm, the multi-guided particle swarm optimization (MGPSO) algorithm is presented and evaluated. The results indicate that the MGPSO algorithm overcomes the weaknesses of the VEPSO algorithm and also outperforms a number of state of the art MOO algorithms on at least two benchmark test sets. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2017. / Computer Science / PhD / Unrestricted

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