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Projectivity and the Tagalog Reportative EvidentialKierstead, Gregory Weiss 30 December 2015 (has links)
No description available.
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Acquisition of evidentiality and source monitoringOzturk, Ozge. January 2009 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Delaware, 2008. / Principal faculty advisor: Anna Papafragou, Dept. of Linguistics & Cognitive Sciences. Includes bibliographical references.
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Os evidenciais do Karitiana / Evidentials in KaritianaAlexandre, Thiago Chaves 31 October 2016 (has links)
Nesse trabalho estudamos o sistema evidencial da língua Karitiana, subfamília Arikém, família Tupi. Essa língua é falada em Rondônia pela etnia de mesmo nome. O sistema evidencial do karitiana contava, segundo a literatura com dois evidenciais e uma construção evidencial. Nesse trabalho, analisamos esses dados, testamos novas possibilidades de coocorrência entre os evidenciais e morfemas de modo e negação. Verificamos também a possibilidade de encaixamento de evidenciais em orações subordinadas. Como resultados desse estudo, mostramos ser possível utilizar o evidencial reportado em conjunto com todos os modos da língua e com a negação, podendo assim, utilizar a dupla negação em uma sentença. Ainda como resultado, observamos o fenômeno de imperative by proxy, fenômeno nunca encontrado em outras línguas da família tupi. As conclusões a que chegamos ao observar os dados são as de que, no momento, a língua parece ter somente um evidencial gramatical de acordo com o pano de fundo teórico adotado. O outro morfema tratado como evidencial na literatura, para nós, tem como principal sentido a marcação de tempo. Por isso, não deve ser considerado um evidencial, tampouco a construção evidencial, pois um evidencial em nosso panorama, é somente o morfema que possui a evidencialidade como seu sentido principal. / In this work we study the evidential system of Karitiana language, Arikém subfamily, Tupi family. In this language the literature says that we have two evidentials and one evidential construction. We argue that this language has only one evidential according to the theoretical background adopted and we show data to corroborate that. We tested evidentials of Karitiana with all morphemes of mood, with negation, with the two tenses of the language (future and non-future), aspect and in subordinates. Our results show the possibility of cooccurrence of evidentials and morphemes of mood and negation and show that reported evidential can be used in negative concord and can be used with the imperative mood morpheme to express imperative by proxy, something never attested in Tupi family yet.
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Os evidenciais do Karitiana / Evidentials in KaritianaThiago Chaves Alexandre 31 October 2016 (has links)
Nesse trabalho estudamos o sistema evidencial da língua Karitiana, subfamília Arikém, família Tupi. Essa língua é falada em Rondônia pela etnia de mesmo nome. O sistema evidencial do karitiana contava, segundo a literatura com dois evidenciais e uma construção evidencial. Nesse trabalho, analisamos esses dados, testamos novas possibilidades de coocorrência entre os evidenciais e morfemas de modo e negação. Verificamos também a possibilidade de encaixamento de evidenciais em orações subordinadas. Como resultados desse estudo, mostramos ser possível utilizar o evidencial reportado em conjunto com todos os modos da língua e com a negação, podendo assim, utilizar a dupla negação em uma sentença. Ainda como resultado, observamos o fenômeno de imperative by proxy, fenômeno nunca encontrado em outras línguas da família tupi. As conclusões a que chegamos ao observar os dados são as de que, no momento, a língua parece ter somente um evidencial gramatical de acordo com o pano de fundo teórico adotado. O outro morfema tratado como evidencial na literatura, para nós, tem como principal sentido a marcação de tempo. Por isso, não deve ser considerado um evidencial, tampouco a construção evidencial, pois um evidencial em nosso panorama, é somente o morfema que possui a evidencialidade como seu sentido principal. / In this work we study the evidential system of Karitiana language, Arikém subfamily, Tupi family. In this language the literature says that we have two evidentials and one evidential construction. We argue that this language has only one evidential according to the theoretical background adopted and we show data to corroborate that. We tested evidentials of Karitiana with all morphemes of mood, with negation, with the two tenses of the language (future and non-future), aspect and in subordinates. Our results show the possibility of cooccurrence of evidentials and morphemes of mood and negation and show that reported evidential can be used in negative concord and can be used with the imperative mood morpheme to express imperative by proxy, something never attested in Tupi family yet.
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The Use of Evidentials in Hearsay Contexts in Japanese and EnglishMatsumura, Tomomi 28 November 2017 (has links)
Evidentials are one of the language codes that convey the speaker's beliefs in terms of the degree of reliability of information and how the speaker obtained information (Chafe, 1986; Ishida, 2006; McCready and Ogata, 2007). Evidentials play an important role in communication since they also function to show the speaker's attitude toward the interlocutors by making a sentence softer (Trent 1998). In his theory of territory of information, Kamio (1990, 1997, 2002) proposed that pragmatic rules of evidentials are different in Japanese than in English. Ishida (2006) studied these differences and argued that learners of Japanese (JF learners) face difficulties when conveying information with evidentials in Japanese.
This study aimed to see how learners of Japanese as a foreign language (hereafter JF learners) use evidentials differently from Japanese native speakers by replicating Ishida's (2006) study. Discourse data, consisting of utterances produced by Japanese L1 speakers (J-speakers) in Japanese and JF learners in Japanese and English, was produced based on twelve situations where participants were instructed to convey hearsay information verbally to the specific third party. Collected productions were compared to see differences in the frequencies of evidentials, in general, and in terms of the source of information, the timing of conveyance, and the addressees. The study showed that JF learners use evidentials less frequently both in Japanese and English than J-speakers. This less frequent use of evidentials by JF learners in both languages indicates a transfer effect from English to Japanese. Additionally, a close look at each evidential use revealed other factors that might impact the speaker's choice of evidentials. This study revealed that JF learners tend to prefer to use evidentials such as soo da and to itta, while they tend to avoid using lexical evidentials such as rashii, mitai da, and yoo da which require more practice. These findings have implications for future research and for a classroom pedagogical approaches to the use of evidentials.
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Evidentiality in scientific discourse /Viechnicki, Gail Brendel. January 2002 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, Department of Linguistics, December 2002. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet.
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