Due to the delving range of shipping market is virtually contain entire economy of all developed & developing countries, this research merely picks out the ship owner how to spread their fleet and achieve economics of scale. This study was verified and analyzed by following documents, and secondary data: 1. The flows of shipbuilding. 2. The improvement of manufacture procedure. 3. The attentive matters from new ship order. 4. How to utilize resources, to create strategies for accelerating fleet expansion. The conclusion of the said investigation expressed following management prospect. 1. Integrate ship working process and adopt destructive innovation working way which are the key performance of shipbuilders¡¦ competence. 2. The navigator is established from developing countries, which assisted by joint operation and merge, to enlarge fleet in duly time. That strengthens their competence. 3. The shipping company exerts their facility, promote achievement, and product new core competence.

For gravity wave trains propagating over an arbitrary wavy bottom, a perturbation expansion is developed to the third-order by employing three small perturbation parameters. Both the resonant and non-resonant cases are treated and the singular behavior at resonance is treated separately. All the theoretical results are presented in explicit forms and easy to apply. The bottom effects of different mean water depths and different degrees of undulation, as well as the steepness of incident waves, are clearly described by the theoretical results. In general non-resonant cases, the surface fluctuations deduced from undulated bottom topography decrease as the relative water depth increases and vice versa. The theory can be applied to the cases for wave trains propagating over wavy bottom topography with any arbitrary incident angles which are closer to natural phenomenon in coastal zone. Not only the well-known Bragg resonance but also the higher-order Bragg resonances are included in resonant cases. Unlike previous studies that analyze specific bottom topographies based on prescribed resonant conditions, both Bragg and higher-order Bragg resonances are revealed through the perturbation procedure step by step. For the resonant wave field, the amplification with propagating distance and time is revealed with the aid of the growth of energy flux. This theory is successfully verified by reducing to simpler situations. Also, the analytical results for the special case of two-dimensional wavy bottom are compared with experimental data for validation.

Whole sorghum kernels were directly processed into whole grain snacks with acceptable texture. Extrudates made from whole sorghum had a harder gritty texture than those made from decorticated materials. Extrusion of whole sorghum provides significant savings in processing: there are no dry matter losses; no equipment or energy is required for decortication or milling; the extruder consumes less power and processes more material per time unit. In addition, the extruder utilized is a simple adiabiatic, friction extruder of relatively low cost. Grinding whole sorghum and removing fines did not improve product expansion during extrusion but altered the gritty pieces in the extrudates. The best products were obtained when whole sorghum (ground or un-ground) was extruded at 14% moisture. The whole sorghum extrudates had larger bubbles with thick cell walls, which made extrudates more crunchy. Decortication of sorghum improved extrusion performance and products by allowing adequate formation and retention of air cells. Decortication to remove 20% of the original sorghum weight was enough to produce extrudates with characteristics comparable to those made from commercial yellow corn meal. Sorghum milled fractions with composition and particle size distribution similar to corn meal produced extrudates with higher expansion, lower bulk density and similar texture. In addition, sorghum extrudates were rated equal to corn meal extrudates by a taste panel for appearance, flavor, texture and overall characteristics. Extrudates made from polished rice were less expanded and whiter than extrudates made from sorghum. When processed under similar conditions, sorghum extrusion required more energy than corn meal extrusion. However, whole sorghum extrusion required less energy than corn meal extrusion. Unground sorghum samples (decorticated or non-decorticated) produced harder extrudates compared to those made from ground raw material. White sorghum is a feasible option for snack extrusion because of its versatility, product characteristics, cost and processing properties.

This study investigates the flow behaviors of the microflow in a sudden expansion microfluidic channel with a rectangular block structure. 2D and 3D numerical simulations are used to predict the vortex formation behavior and experimental approaches are adopted to confirm the simulated results. A novel microfluidic rectifier is proposed by operating the designed microfluidic device under opposite flow conditions. The performance of the flow rectifier is also evaluated under difference flow velocities. There are three parts finished in this thesis. Firstly, the vortex formation behavior is investigated for the microchannel with the block at different distances downstream the sudden expansion channel. The size of the fully developed vortices is measured and analyzed. Results show that the size of the vortex reaches stable while the distance between the block and sudden expansion channel is longer than 1000 £gm. Secondly, this study also investigates the sequence of the vortex formation under different flow velocity (Reynolds number). Results indicate that there are four stages for the vortex formation in the microfluidic channel. Vortices are formed firstly at the sudden expansion channel and then behind the block. Two small vortices are then formed once beside the block and then merge with the two big vortices behind the block under increasing velocity conditions. The flow becomes instable once the Reynolds number higher than 555, two symmetrical shedding flows are observed behind the block structure. This flow behavior is rarely observed in a microfluidic channel due to the big viscous force of the flow in the microchannel. Thirdly, this study measures the pressure drops for the forward and backward flows under different flow speeds. Results show that the vortex formation behavior in backward flow is different from it is in forward conditions. Two symmetric vortexes are formed beside the channel while the Reynolds number higher than 416. The squeezed vortices form a virtual valve structure and increase the flow resistance of the microflow, resulting in a high performance valve structure. The calculated results indicate that the diodicity (Di) of the designed microchannel is as high as 1.76 and 1.5 for the numerical result and experimental result, respectively. The rectifying performance of the developed microchip device is higher than the reported devices fabricated using delicate processes and designed. The results of this research will give valuable knowledge for the flow behavior in a microchannel and the design of microfluidic chips.

<p>Problem</p><p>Dual Nation is a local restaurant and pub located in the centre of Helsingborg. The seven year old business has grown fast and established itself as a successful restaurant in the city. After a initial growth period, the restaurant has now reached a point where a change in its structure, strategy or system must be performed in order to witness renewed growth. A popular business system for expanding restaurants is the concept of franchise. Is the restau-rant suitable for such an expansion?</p><p>Purpose</p><p>The main purpose of the thesis is to investigate if Dual Nation is conformable for franchise expansion and how Dual Nation must be developed in order to be able to go franchise. The thesis will also provide suggestions of improvements to the owner Karin Svensson.</p><p>Method</p><p>A qualitative method has been used in this thesis. Empirical findings have been gathered from interviews with the owner and employees of Dual Nation. These findings has thereafter been analyzed with known franchise theory.</p><p>Result</p><p>The main conclusion of this thesis is that Dual Nation shall start to take actions towards a franchise development. The company will during the process find out whether they are suitable for franchising or not. None of the initial actions will be unnecessary since they are not franchise unique and therefore they will contribute to the overall efficiency of the restaurant. Examples of such actions is to nursing the brand, to try to delegate responsibility and work among the employees so the well being of the business is not dependent on a single individual, to create an environment where efforts of the employees are acknowledged and rewarded and to simplify the concept to make it transferable to other cities.</p>

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The inland states of Lan Na were part of an extended cultural area that included western Laos, the eastern Shan states and southwest China. The culture of these inland states was distinctive from coastal Southeast Asia, but was as rich and as complex. The major outside influence was Sinhalese Theravada Buddhism originating from Sri Lanka, which assimilated, or in some cases was grafted onto, ancient indigenous spirit religion beliefs. The textiles and dress of Lan Na developed from the integration of local cultures and societies in the hills and valleys, and from inland trade. A relatively egalitarian ideology permitted the flowering of indigenous skills and innovations, especially among women. This thesis examines, through the medium of 19th century court dress and textiles, how Lan Na society was affected by the threat of British and French colonial expansionism, handled with great skill and diplomacy by the King of Siam. Changes in Lan Na court dress can be viewed as a metaphor for the political maneuvers of the Siamese to remain independent of colonial rule, a unique achievement in Southeast Asia. The Lan Na princes were issued with Euro-Siamese uniforms that displayed their total allegiance to Siam. Meanwhile the princesses continued to wear indigenous dress both at home, and at the Siamese courts, symbolizing political alliances between Siam and Lan Na. The thesis concludes that as women, by custom, did not change the essential elements of their dress, particularly their woven skirts, it was they who transmitted complex cultural messages that continue to represent a cherished indigenous society

An assessment is made of the impact of a thermally bloomed atmosphere on target image quality. The steady-state phase perturbations due to blooming and the effects of the distortion on return wave-fronts are determined using a physical optics propagation code. The wavelength of the return radiation used to sense the distortions is shown to be an important consideration in the stability of the return image. The return targets images for several realistic scenarios are reconstructed based on the incoherent point spread function for each isoplanatic region of the object (target) plane. Special requirements of the back propagation algorithm are discussed with respect to "point source" geometry, tilt, tilt sensitivity, and isoplanatism criterion. The wave optics approach is shown to agree with the experimental results in regards to image blur and distortion. The stability of the reconstructed images is discussed using merit functions defining the amount of blur, distortion, and degradation in peak irradiance. The merit functions are shown to correlate well with the scenario distortion number used to define the degree of blooming induced in the forward propagation.

This is a case study of how old institutionalism tenets of values, and goals shaped Antioch College, the College's Board of Trustees, administrators, faculty and alumni influence the transformational expansion process that changed Antioch from a liberal arts college to a national university. The case study also examines how the pressures of new institutionalism forces of legitimacy and homogeneity directed and influenced Antioch's organizational structuring. Institutional theory is the framework for this study. Selznick's (1949, 1957) old institutional theory, new institutionalism, beginning with Meyer (1977), and the reconciliation of old and new institutionalism (Greenwood & Hinings, 1996) provide the theoretical lens through which the analysis of Antioch College's expansion is studied. Contributions from this study include a better understanding of how institutional theory affects the decisions, and the outcomes, made by key institutional stakeholders in organizational expansion and restructuring. It also demonstrates the advantages of using old and new institutional theories jointly when analyzing organizational motives that include expansion. Finally, this study provides institutional leaders at colleges and universities who are considering organizational expansion items to consider prior to making the decision to expand their institution.

Problem Dual Nation is a local restaurant and pub located in the centre of Helsingborg. The seven year old business has grown fast and established itself as a successful restaurant in the city. After a initial growth period, the restaurant has now reached a point where a change in its structure, strategy or system must be performed in order to witness renewed growth. A popular business system for expanding restaurants is the concept of franchise. Is the restau-rant suitable for such an expansion? Purpose The main purpose of the thesis is to investigate if Dual Nation is conformable for franchise expansion and how Dual Nation must be developed in order to be able to go franchise. The thesis will also provide suggestions of improvements to the owner Karin Svensson. Method A qualitative method has been used in this thesis. Empirical findings have been gathered from interviews with the owner and employees of Dual Nation. These findings has thereafter been analyzed with known franchise theory. Result The main conclusion of this thesis is that Dual Nation shall start to take actions towards a franchise development. The company will during the process find out whether they are suitable for franchising or not. None of the initial actions will be unnecessary since they are not franchise unique and therefore they will contribute to the overall efficiency of the restaurant. Examples of such actions is to nursing the brand, to try to delegate responsibility and work among the employees so the well being of the business is not dependent on a single individual, to create an environment where efforts of the employees are acknowledged and rewarded and to simplify the concept to make it transferable to other cities.