<p>ECPAT is an organization that existed worldwide in more than 85 countries and focused at the work against Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children. The concept with this paper was to see how well ECPAT worked to try to achieve their goals and how organizational structure, distribution and PR work appeared. Literature review was used as a method to create a deep insight of how ECPAT looked at the global commercial sexual exploitation of children that existed. We found that ECPAT had continuous goals which was constantly present and that they never could be fulfilled. ECPATs goals and results could never be seen as something that was definitive, but it was under continuous development that continued throughout different eras.       </p>

<p>The exploitation of natural resources in general and biodiversity in particular by human beings, is remarked to be associated with unsustainable practices that place the survival of these resources at stake. An assessment of the exploitation of <em>prunus africana</em> around the mount Cameroon region can be linked with the trend of unsustainable exploitation prevailing in other parts of the world. <em>Prunus africana</em>, is a tree cherished by the local population for its varied values, with its medicinal values propelling it to international popularity. This has been characterized by the massive demand for its bark by western pharmaceutical companies. The huge demand of the tree in the international market is remarked to be a major factor that contributed to the tree’s mass unsustainable exploitation by the local population in the studied region. This paper has looked at the factors responsible for the mass unsustainable exploitation of <em>prunus</em> and the measures that local based organizations, MOCAP-CIG and MCP had adopted to promote participatory management of the tree. Three major factors; poverty, the issuing of 50 exploitation permits and international demand were identified to have contributed to the involvement of the local population in unsustainable exploitation of the tree. The concept of sustainable development was used as the theoretical framework to examine if the three dimensions can be attained without one affecting the other. The results showed that it is quite difficult to achieve this especially in the case of  the exploitation and conservation of <em>prunus africana</em>.</p>

ECPAT is an organization that existed worldwide in more than 85 countries and focused at the work against Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children. The concept with this paper was to see how well ECPAT worked to try to achieve their goals and how organizational structure, distribution and PR work appeared. Literature review was used as a method to create a deep insight of how ECPAT looked at the global commercial sexual exploitation of children that existed. We found that ECPAT had continuous goals which was constantly present and that they never could be fulfilled. ECPATs goals and results could never be seen as something that was definitive, but it was under continuous development that continued throughout different eras.

The exploitation of natural resources in general and biodiversity in particular by human beings, is remarked to be associated with unsustainable practices that place the survival of these resources at stake. An assessment of the exploitation of prunus africana around the mount Cameroon region can be linked with the trend of unsustainable exploitation prevailing in other parts of the world. Prunus africana, is a tree cherished by the local population for its varied values, with its medicinal values propelling it to international popularity. This has been characterized by the massive demand for its bark by western pharmaceutical companies. The huge demand of the tree in the international market is remarked to be a major factor that contributed to the tree’s mass unsustainable exploitation by the local population in the studied region. This paper has looked at the factors responsible for the mass unsustainable exploitation of prunus and the measures that local based organizations, MOCAP-CIG and MCP had adopted to promote participatory management of the tree. Three major factors; poverty, the issuing of 50 exploitation permits and international demand were identified to have contributed to the involvement of the local population in unsustainable exploitation of the tree. The concept of sustainable development was used as the theoretical framework to examine if the three dimensions can be attained without one affecting the other. The results showed that it is quite difficult to achieve this especially in the case of  the exploitation and conservation of prunus africana.

Les perturbations créées par l'exploitation forestière affectent la biodiversité. Certaines espèces s'y adaptent, tandis que d'autres se voient menacées. Les exigences distinctes d'orchidées des vieilles forêts, spécialement les Goodyera, les rendent particulièrement vulnérables. Pour assurer leur conservation ainsi que celle des milieux spécifiques qui les abritent, leur microhabitat et la distribution de leur abondance dans des peuplements régénérés après des perturbations naturelles et sylvicoles ont été étudiés. L'étude a été effectuée en Abitibi dans la sapinière à bouleau blanc de l'ouest du Québec. Une chronologie de dix peuplements naturels régénérés 41 à 245 ans après feu a été échantillonnée ainsi que des sites de coupes pré-industrielles (neuf coupes partielles non mécanisées de 40 et 60 ans) et industrielles (cinq coupes totales de un à vingt ans, six coupes partielles et vingt îlots (~250 m²)). Goodyera colonise préférentiellement les microhabitats aux caractéristiques qui se bonifient avec le temps dans la succession forestière de peuplements mixtes, telles que la présence de bois mort décomposé au sol (peuplier?) avec de la mousse, un recouvrement d'espèces herbacées peu élevé, un rapport C/N élevé, la présence de litière d'aiguilles et un pH acide. L'abondance maximale des Goodyera a été observée dans les vieilles forêts naturelles. Aucune présence n'a été décelée suivant les diverses interventions sylvicoles industrielles. Goodyera ne semble pas tolérer les perturbations reliées à l'aménagement forestier, même les moins sévères. Elle pourrait conséquemment être utilisée comme indicateur pour établir une règle de « filtre fin » afin d'identifier une partie du territoire à protéger pour assurer sa conservation et celle des écosystèmes des vieilles forêts où elle est fortement représentée. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Vieille forêt, Conservation, Espèce indicatrice, Filtre fin, Bois mort.

No description available.

Taitung County is mountainous. Its geological structure is weak. Typhoon and heavy rain is frequent. Land erosion, landslide, and silt deposit in rivers is serious. In recent years, hilly areas are over-developed and conservation problem worsens. In typhoon and heavy rain, soil and other resources would be washed away and causes serious damage. The resources that people are relying on are vanishing. The purpose of this paper is to study the conservation of hilly areas, the management of river catchment areas, and the investigation and planning of the conservation of resources. This paper may help our people better understand the importance of conservation and t hey will be willing to work for a better Taitung Countye. This paper also studies the government conservation policies over the years and the their results, the farmers¡¦ understanding of the land, and conflict between the government and the farmers in land use in hilly areas. The study finds out that in managing the river catchment areas, government executive system is too complicated. Farmers do not appreciate the way the laws are implemented. They do not admit that their development cause water pollution or soil erosion. Rather, they believe that landslide and government policies in garbage dumping and road opening are to be blamed. Farmers are against most of the government policies especially in returning their land to government. There is a gap between government and farmer recognition. It is suggested that from now on, related personnel should investigate more and communicate more with people before preparing a policy. And since farmers are more willing to accept policies in subsidizing afforestation and soil protection, government should work on these issues.

Thesis (M.A.) - Carleton University, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 160-162). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

To align firm strategy with the changing environment has always been a challenge for executives. The business literature consists of different perspectives on how to solve the problem and whether to resist change, adapt or do both at the same time. Each got their own implications, inertia could lead to rigidness, adaptability might negatively influence reliability and ambidexterity is seen as a combination of both. The core is exploiting present capabilities meanwhile exploring future opportunities. To study these notions we have conducted a cross-sectional study including four Swedish service-firms which operates in either a stable or dynamic environment. Executives were interviewed and asked to elaborate on their strategies. By doing this we were able to construct a model who suggests when to adapt, when to resist change depending on environmental stability. We also observed that capital- and knowledge-intensity has been somewhat neglected in previous research and could be studied further.

This thesis focus on the growing problem of elder mistreatment in the United States and related risk factors. In particular, focus is given to the problem of elder financial exploitation using survey analysis of an urban adult sample in the United States.