The author explains some general principles in structuring classifications, in particular the facet as a basic building element of the scheme. The paper provides an overview of structural and presentational elements of facets and how these can be expressed through notational system. The author also analyses the way some broad fundamental facets of concepts are presented in UDC tables, when these are represented by special auxiliaries, and proposes a way of normalising facet presentation so that it becomes consistent and easy to recognize in UDC.

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Personality is important to job performance; meta-analyses published over the years repeatedly showed that self-rated personality traits can significantly predict overall job performance (Barrick & Mount, 1991; Barrick, Mount, & Judge, 2001). Despite their significance, these same meta-analyses, generally showed personality only had a small effect on overall job performance. The exception was conscientiousness, which had a less than medium effect. However, there is also a growing body of evidence suggesting that other-ratings of personality can show higher concurrent validities than self-ratings. Meta-analytic results showed that personality can have a large effect on overall job performance, if the personality traits are rated by others (Connelly & Ones, 2010). Moreover, concurrent validities increased when utilising narrow measures of both personality (Judge, Rodell, Klinger, Simon, & Crawford, 2013) and job performance (Bartram, 2005). In this study, the author examined the suggestion from meta-analyses that observer-ratings, rather than self-ratings, provide greater explanatory power when predicting job performance. Further, the concurrent validities of using narrow personality traits (facets) as predictors of narrow measures of job performance were investigated. This study comprised 1,041 participants, of which 92% were employed in a UK police organisation. Employees provided self-ratings and identified two co-workers and a manager who could provide other-ratings of personality and job performance. Online questionnaires measured 71 personality facets of the 11+ Factor Model (Irwing & Booth, 2013) and Bartram's (2005) Great Eight factors of job performance. Arguably the most comprehensive measure of personality, the 11+ Factor Model is comprised of 11 factors and 74 facets. Items from the International Personality Item Pool (IPIP; Goldberg, 1999) were utilised to create scales for each of the 74 personality facets. A planned missing data design was implemented to improve response rates (Graham, Taylor, Olchowski, & Cumsille, 2006). Measurement models were estimated first, followed by testing of the structural models (J. C. Anderson & Gerbing, 1988) to estimate the combined effects of personality facets on each of the job performance outcomes. Since cross-validation is a powerful approach for evaluating models (Millsap & Meredith, 2007), all models were cross-validated on two datasets. Fifty-two personality facets were identified and cross-validated. Some of these facets provided superior prediction over factors, when predicting narrow measures of job performance. The facets of integrity, leadership, harm avoidance and empathy explained much of the variance in the Great Eight job competencies. In some cases, self-ratings of personality provided superior prediction over other-ratings.

The network loading problem (NLP) is a specialized capacitated network design problem in which prescribed point-to-point demand between various pairs of nodes of a network must be met by installing (loading) a capacitated facility. We can load any number of units of the facility on each of the arcs at a specified arc dependent cost. The problem is to determine the number of facilities to be loaded on the arcs that will satisfy the given demand at minimum cost. This paper studies two core subproblems of the NLP. The first problem, motivated by a Lagrangian relaxation approach for solving the problem, considers a multiple commodity, single arc capacitated network design problem. The second problem is a three node network; this specialized network arises in larger networks if we aggregate nodes. In both cases, we develop families of facets and completely characterize the convex hull of feasible solutions to the integer programming formulation of the problems. These results in turn strengthen the formulation of the NLP.

In this paper, we describe the facial structure of the steiner problem in a directed graph by formulating it as a set covering problem. We first characterize trivial facets and derive a necessary condition for nontrivial facets. We also introduce a class of valid inequalities with 0-1 coefficients and show when such inequalities define facets.

This Research and Design (R&D) study models the methodology necessary to replicate an online assessment instrument designed to assess student skills and facets of thought while understanding Multiple Meanings and Models of Fractions (MUL) in college level developmental mathematics. The researcher used cognitive research done in the area of fractions to design this instrument that both documents and assesses facets of thought or reasoning strategies used by students. The final facet cluster is a table that ranks these facets from least to most problematic, documenting the student facets of thought across the content objective MUL. Over 500 student and teacher participants were used in the design and development of Fraction Diagnoser. All participants were affiliated with college developmental mathematics in Texas, representing four colleges and universities. Forty-eight student participants were individually interviewed to ascertain facets of understanding on the topic of MUL. Seven teacher participants were individually interviewed as to the effectiveness of Fraction Diagnoser in the classroom after the final step of the R&D cycle. Content experts were used to design the questions assessing skills and facets. Fraction Diagnoser was built using the Borg and Gall R&D cycle as its blueprint. Nine of the ten steps of the R&D cycle were used in the development of the instrument, excluding just the final product revision due to cost and time restraints. According to Borg and Gall (1996), a dissertation R&D should be limited to a few steps, but all of the steps used for this R&D allowed for the researcher to completely address all of the research questions. During the steps of the R&D cycle, validation and reliability analyses were done to statistically address the effectiveness of Fraction Diagnoser. Final interviews with the teacher participants supported findings in recent research on the effective use of online assessment. Implications for practice and recommendations for further study were also addressed.

The goal of my graduate research is to find the role of a Drosophila gene, liquid facets-Related, encoding an ENTH (Epsin N-term homology) domain protein using developing Drosophila eye as a model system. The ENTH domain is a well-conserved globular domain with affinity to phosphoinositides, and found in endocytic Epsins and Golgi Epsins. With the ENTH domain and peptide motifs, such as clathrin binding motifs and other protein binding motifs, endocytic Epsins and Golgi Epsins are localized to the plasma membrane and the Golgi membrane, respectively. The main function of Epsins is to facilitate clathrin-dependent vesicle formation. An interesting finding from endocytic Epsin research using Drosophila is that this seemingly generic factor has in fact a specific role in the Notch signaling pathway by mediating ligand endocytosis which is crucial for receptor activation in the adjacent cell. The role of Golgi Epsin, on the other hand, has not been understood in a multi-cellular context. A former graduate student in our lab, Erin Overstreet, generated loss-of-function mutants of liquid facets-Related and found that this gene is essential for viability and important for cell growth and patterning in Drosophila eye development. Her finding suggests that liquid facets-Related has a specific role in development. She also found that the ENTH domain is dispensable for the function of liquid facets-Related. This is an interesting result because studies using other model organisms show that ENTH domain directly recognizes the cargos, suggestive of essential function it in Golgi Epsin. Therefore, I aimed to figure out what is the function of liquid facets-Related in a multi-cellular context using the Drosophila eye as a model system. To address this, I further characterized the mutant phenotype, screened for dominant modifiers of the hypomorphic eye phenotype, and performed structure/function assays that helped me to generate specific hypotheses and then I tested them. My graduate research contributed to understanding the role of liquid facets-Related by providing the in vivo function, identifying genetic interactions, and specifying the domain necessary and sufficient for its function. First of all, characterization of the mutant phenotype indicated that liquid facets-Related is crucial for proliferation, suppression of apoptosis, insulin receptor-independent cell growth, and progression of the morphogenetic furrow at the D/V midline in the developing Drosophila eye. Secondly, from a forward genetic screen, I found Delta, neuralized, polychaetoid (ZO-1), string (cdc25), and altered disjunction (Mps1) as dominant enhancers of the hypomorphic eye phenotype, suggestive of the role of liquid facets-Related in the Notch signaling pathway and cell cycle regulation. I also found that wingless and armadillo dominantly enhance the hypomorphic phenotype of liquid facets-Related, which suggests that liquid facets-Related has a role in the Wingless signaling pathway. Indeed, the expression of a transcriptional target of the Wingless signal, dachsous, is reduced in liquid facets-Related null cells. Baso-lateral levels of E-cadherin and Armadillo are increased in the liquid facets-Related null cells, which is consistent with the fact that E-cadherin antagonizes the Wingless signal activity. Finally, an unexpected result from structure/function analysis is that exon 6 of the liquid facet-Related gene is necessary and sufficient to rescue all visible morphological defects of null mutants. This is interesting because exon 6 is conserved in Golgi Epsin gene only in several insects but not in most other species including yeast, nematode, mouse, and human. In fact, exon 6 is a homolog of a recently studied gene known as tel2. Evidence suggests that liquid facets-Related is Drosophila tel2. As the function of Tel2 is not clearly understood, this study may contribute to better understand the essential role of Tel2 in Drosophila and other model systems. / text

Research on career indecision has ranged from studying its relation to anxiety and other emotional concerns, to career choice type and locus of control. Although studies have been conducted examining the relationship between career indecision and personality, all have focused on the Big Five personality traits without delving into the facets of personality. This study examined relationships between career indecision and the constructs of personality facets, trait anxiety and depression, and state anxiety and depression. Personality facets including trait anxiety and depression were studied using the Big Five facets measured by the International Personality Item Pool (Goldberg, 1999). Career indecision was studied using the Career Decision Scale (Osipow, Carney, Winer, Yanico, & Koschier, 1976). Finally, state anxiety and depression were studied using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995a). The results reported herein indicate that personality facets, state anxiety, and state depression are all significantly related to career indecision, with state anxiety and depression contributing a significant amount of incremental variance in career indecision above and beyond trait anxiety and depression. Future research and clinical implications are also discussed.

Group III-nitride semiconductors possess unique properties, which make them versatile materials for suiting many applications. Structuring vertical and exceptionally smooth GaN profiles is crucial for efficient optical device operation. The processing requirements for laser devices and ridge waveguides are stringent as compared to LEDs and other electronic devices. Due to the strong bonding and chemically inert nature of GaN, dry etching becomes a critical fabrication step. The surface morphology and facet etch angle are analyzed using SEM and AFM measurements. The influence of different mask materials is also studied including Ni as well as a SiO2 and resist bilayer. The high selectivity Ni Mask is found to produce high sidewall angles ~79°. Processing parameters are optimized for both the mask material and GaN in order to achieve a highly anisotropic, smooth profile, without resorting to additional surface treatment steps. An optimizing a SF6/O2 plasma etch process resulted in smooth SiO2 mask sidewalls. The etch rate and GaN surface roughness dependence on the RF power was also examined. Under a low 2mTorr pressure, the RF and ICP power were optimized to 150W and 300W respectively, such that a smooth GaN morphology and sidewalls was achieved with reduced ion damage. The The AFM measurements of the etched GaN surface indicate a low RMS roughness ranging from 4.75 nm to 7.66 nm.

The purpose of this study was to explore the implications of cultural dimensions on the relationship between job satisfaction facets, role stressors, and organizational commitment. Using data from 214 university employees, the moderating influence of individualistic and collectivistic orientations as expressed through four cultural dimensions (responsibility, affiliation, social welfare, and achievement) on those relationships were investigated. Results indicated that role ambiguity had a greater negative influence on affective commitment for those who were more cooperative as opposed to competitive in their achievement orientation; whereas the relationship between coworker and supervision satisfaction and affective commitment was stronger for those who endorsed an individualist achievement orientation. Responsibility was found to moderate the relationship between satisfaction with the nature of work and continuance commitment more strongly and negatively for those who endorsed a collectivist orientation. The prediction that the relationship between role stressors and normative commitment would be more negative for those endorsing a collectivist orientation of affiliation was supported. Support was also found for the more positive influence of a collectivist orientation of affiliation on the relationship between job satisfaction facets (coworkers and supervision) and normative commitment. Finally, support was found for the collectivist orientation of affiliation positively influencing the relationship of satisfaction with the nature of work with normative commitment. Cross-cultural psychology has moved towards the inclusion of cultural dimensions into the study of psychological behavior in the workplace in a two-pronged approach: refining the theory of cross-cultural industrial/organizational psychology and determining the processes by which cultural dimensions are linked to work behaviors. This study aimed to tackle both approaches by extending the empirical research that is ongoing in the area and accelerating the theoretical development.