Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2004. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 106-115).

Människans hälsa påverkas av individuella livsstilsfaktorer men även av samhälleliga, socioekonomiska och kulturella faktorer. Det är föräldrarna som har det yttersta ansvaret för sina barns utveckling och uppväxtvillkor. Syftet med arbetet var att undersöka förekomsten av föräldrastöd hos svenska femtonåringar, utifrån ungdomarnas rapporterade omfattning av verbal kommunikation, samt att undersöka ungdomarnas upplevda hälsa och hur upplevt föräldrastöd relaterar till deras hälsa. Data från Statens folkhälsoinstituts kvantitativa undersökning Skolbarns hälsovanor användes för att ge ett stort material att analysera och kunna generalisera vårt resultat. Analysen gjordes på enkätdata från 3438 slumpmässigt valda 15-åringar. Resultatet visade att ungdomar som kunde prata med sina föräldrar/styvföräldrar hade arbetande föräldrar, en bättre familjeekonomi och hade en senare alkoholdebut. Dessutom var de mer fysiskt aktiva och tyckte bättre om skolan. Ungdomar som upplevde sina föräldrar som mer involverade i sin skolgång tyckte mer om skolan och kände sig även mindre stressade av skolarbetet. En bra kommunikation mellan barn och förälder/styvförälder har både i resultat och i litteraturgenomgång visats vara betydelsefull på flera olika områden, vilket tas upp i diskussionen. Denna verbala interaktion i hemmet påverkar hur barnet tar till sig normer och värderingar i samhället, sina egna val av livsstil och det kan även stärka barnets självbild. Som slutsats pekar resultatet på att det är viktigt att samhället satsar på ett stöd för föräldrar och barn. Ett förebyggande arbete hade kunnat förhindra många av de psykosociala problem som kostar samhället pengar men hade också kunnat bidra till att barnen får en tryggare socialisering in i samhället, vilket påverkar barnets hälsa positivt. / The health of human beings is affected by individual lifestyle factors but also by social, socioeconomic and cultural factors. Parents have the greatest responsibility for their children´s development and growth conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of perceived parental support among Swedish fifteen year olds, based upon the adolescents´ reported rate of verbal communication with their parents/step-parents, investigate the perceived health and how parents´ support relate to the adolescents´ perceived health. Data from the quantitative survey (n=3438) about health behavior in school-aged children, from the Swedish National Public Health Institute, were used to enable analysis and generalization of the result. The result showed that fifteen year olds that could talk to their parents/step-parents had parents that worked, a better family economy and a later alcohol debut. Furthermore, they were more physically active and liked school better. Adolescents with perceived parental involvement in school liked school better and also felt less stressed from their schoolwork. In the result and literature a good communication between child and parent/step-parent has showed to be important in several fields, which is brought up in the discussion. This verbal interaction in the home has an impact on how the child is affected by social values, the child´s own choice of lifestyle and it can also effect the child´s self-image positively. As a conclusion the result indicates the importance of society´s investment in parent-child support. Promoting interventions could prevent many of the psycho-social problems that cost the society a lot of money. It could also help the child to a safer socialization into society, which positively effects the child´s health.

Diss. Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007.

Diss. Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2002. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2004. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Thesis (D.P.H.)--University of Michigan.

Thesis (D.P.H.)--University of Michigan.

O uso de álcool entre motoristas é tema preocupante devido às graves conseqüências e aos altos índices de acidentes de trânsito que tem gerado. O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar o uso do álcool entre motoristas nas estradas, bem como avaliar as condições de saúde entre os participantes da Campanha Saúde na Estrada em Ribeirão Preto, SP. A amostra foi composta por 1014 participantes, a maioria homens, com idade de 30 a 45 anos, casados, com baixo nível de escolaridade, procedente da Região Sudeste, religião católica. Entre os participantes, 81,5% são caminhoneiros. Quanto ao uso do álcool, 738 (72,7%) bebem de 2 a 4 vezes por mês, de 3 a 4 doses numa única ocasião e se embriagam semanalmente, índices considerados altos quando se trata de motoristas. Esses apresentam uso de bebidas alcoólicas em níveis de risco e de baixo risco. Entre os 229 (31%) motoristas que sofreram acidentes de trânsito, 19 (2,5%) acidentes ocorreram após o beber. Em relação às condições de saúde, 33% que apresentam hipertensão fazem uso de risco, quase 30% apresentam diabetes e também fazem uso de risco, no entanto, aqueles que expressaram ter pancreatite foram 74,5% e apresentaram colesterol acima de 200mg/dL 39,1% fazem uso de baixo risco. Na análise dos dados, avaliados através da pontuação do AUDIT maior que 8, ter idade menos que 30 e entre 30 e 45 anos, ser do sexo masculino, não ter religião, sobrepeso e obesidade foram considerados as características que contribuíram para os fatores de riscos entre os participantes. Ao passo que, ser evangélico, praticar religião, estar casado/amasiado e possuir nível superior foram os fatores de proteção para o uso abusivo de álcool. Esses dados nos fornecem subsídios para o desenvolvimento de campanhas preventivas pontuais sobre o beber e dirigir, como também ações educativas e informativas permanentes para essa clientela expostas aos riscos nas estradas. / The use of alcohol among drivers is a matter of concern because the serious consequences and the high rate of traffic accidents which has created. This study aims to identify the use of alcohol among drivers on the roads, as well as assess the health conditions among participants of the Campaign Health on the Road in Ribeirao Preto-SP. The sample was composed of 1014 (85.5%) participants, mostly men, aged 30 to 45 years old, married, with low level of education, founded the Southeast, Catholic religion. Among the participants 81.5% are truck drivers. Regarding the use of alcohol 738 (72.7%) drink from 2 to 4 times per month, 3 to 4 doses in a single occasion and that numbing weekly, indices considered high when it comes to drivers. They have use of alcohol at levels of risk and low risk. Among the 229 (31%) drivers who suffered traffic accidents, 19 (2.5%) occurred after drinking. Regarding the conditions of health 33% have hypertension make use of risk, almost 30% have diabetes also make use of risk, however those answered pancreatitis and 74.5% had cholesterol above 200 mg / dL 39.1% make use of low risk. In the analysis of the data, assessed by the AUDIT scores greater than 8, have less than age 30 and between 30 to 45 years old, being male, not having religion, overweight and obesity were contributing to the factors of risk between participants. While be evangelical, practicing religion, be married / roommate and Higher Education have been factors to protect the abuse of alcohol. These data give us subsidies for the development of preventive campaigns spot on the drinking and driving, as well as educational and informative permanent shares to this clientele at risk on the roads.

Thesis (M.P.H.M. (Primary Health Care Management))--Mahidol University, 2008. / LICL has E-Thesis 0038 ; please contact computer services.