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1	A imaginação no Livro da Alma de Ibn Sin / The imagination in the Book of Soul by Ibn Sin Araujo, Marina Diel de 05 April 2019 (has links) O presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar a importância da potência da imaginação no Livro da Alma de Ibn Sin, filósofo e médico persa que escreveu suas obras em língua árabe no séc. XI d.C. Nessa obra Ibn Sin aborda seu entendimento da alma humana e de sua relação com o mundo, compreendendo-a como dotada do que ele nomeou de sentidos internos, potências da alma que completam a percepção. Dentre essas potências, a imaginação se destaca por ser capaz de uma conexão com o mundo invisível, através da qual ela recebe a impressão de formas presentes nas imaginações das esferas celestes. Se trata de uma visão cosmológica na qual a alma humana está integrada a um cosmos de onde deriva suas potências e, por isso, é capaz de conexões com formas de vida que independem de corpos. Graças a essas conexões a imaginação humana pode produzir sonhos que contém presságios e ser capaz de realizar a profecia. Assim, fenômenos aparentemente sobrenaturais ganham uma explicação anímica: sonhar com o futuro e realizar a profecia são possibilidades explicáveis pela própria estrutura da alma humana que são os sentidos internos. O léxico utilizado por Ibn Sin para pensar a potência da imaginação está ligado a um tipo de pensamento que se relaciona com as imagens: tais imagens são símiles das coisas sensíveis impressos na matéria onde a imaginação inere, o cérebro. Por isso, o elemento corporal não é excluído de suas reflexões; pelo contrário, o tipo de imaginação está diretamente relacionado com a constituição física (compleição) do indivíduo que imagina. Assim, a prática médica de Ibn Sin pode ser vista na sua análise das potências humanas, posto que o Livro da Alma é permeado por uma reflexão sobre o papel do corpo no desempenho das potências. A presente dissertação é portanto fruto de leitura e análise do Livro da Alma, especialmente das partes descritas sobre a imaginação, as quais se concentram no Capítulo 4, que trata dos sentidos internos. / The present thesis aims to investigate the importance of the role of imagination in the Book of Soul by Ibn Sin, Persian philosopher and doctor who wrote his works in Arabic in the XI century A.D. In this book Ibn Sin approaches his understanding of the human soul and its relation to the world comprehending it as an assemble of what he called internal senses, soul potentialities which fulfill the perception. Among these potentialities, the imagination stands out for being capable of creating a connection to the invisible world, through which it receives the impressions of shapes present in celestial spheres. Its about a cosmological view in which the human soul is connected to a cosmos from where it derives its potentialities and, therefore, enables connections to forms of life that are independent from bodies. Due to these connections, the human imagination is able to produce dreams that contain presages and it also receives the prophecy. Hence, phenomena that seem supernatural gain a soul definition: the internal senses explain the possibility of the human soul to dream about the future and receive the prophecy. The imagination vocabulary used by Ibn Sin is related to a kind of thought that derives from the images: such images are impressions of similes of the sensible things, that are impressed in the brain, where imagination is allocated. In that sense, the philosopher considers the body in his thoughts, and hence the type of imagination a person has is associated with his physical constitution. Thus, Ibn Sins medical practice is seen in his analyses of the human potentialities, once the Book of Soul is permeated by a reflection about the body in the potentialities performance. The present thesis is, then, the fruit of the reading and analysis of the Book of Soul, specially from the Chapter 4 where the imagination is mainly described. Arabic philosophy Dreams Epistemologia Epistemology Falsafa Falsafa Filosofia árabe Imaginação Imagination Profecia Prophecy Sonhos
2	OS PILARES DA FÉ: O PENSAMENTO RACIONAL CIENTÍFICO COMO SUSTENTAÇÃO SIMBÓLICA DO ISLAMISMO Kalaoun, Tarek Chaher 15 December 2016 (has links) Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2017-03-07T11:54:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TAREK CHAHER KALAOUN.pdf: 1045672 bytes, checksum: beadd1d3d90108f18f570bfc7eb06810 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-07T11:54:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TAREK CHAHER KALAOUN.pdf: 1045672 bytes, checksum: beadd1d3d90108f18f570bfc7eb06810 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-15 / The rise and fall of the Arab Empire are among the most notable episodes in history. Throughout the decade that followed Muhammad’s migration from Mecca to Medina, in 622 AD, the tribes that were dispersed in the Arab peninsula became consolidated, thanks to great religious fervor, into a great nation. During the Middle Ages, Arab science gained a strong position in the Arabic language, the language in which the Quran was revealed to Muhammad. Different from existing religions, Islam needed to resort to science to profess its faith and for that purpose, when Greek and works from other civilizations became available, they were translated into Arabic so they could be used to enhance the faith of the Muslin citizen. / A ascensão e o declínio do Império árabe constituem um dos episódios mais notáveis da história. Na década que se seguiu à fuga de Maomé de Meca para Medina em 622 d. C., as tribos dispersas da península da Arábia se consolidaram, mercê de um grande fervor religioso, numa poderosa nação. No período da idade média a ciência árabe se ascendeu com toda força na língua árabe, a língua que o Alcorão foi revelado a Maomé. Ao contrário das religiões que existiam, o Islã precisou avançar na ciência para poderem professar a sua fé. E para isso, quando tiveram a oportunidade de ter nas mãos obras gregas e de outas civilizações, fizeram as traduções para o árabe para que servisse o seu uso para a fé do cidadão muçulmano. CIENCIAS HUMANAS::TEOLOGIA
3	Symbolika v díle Ibn Síny: Interpretace iniciačních příběhů / Symbolism in Ibn Sina's Work: Interpretation of Initiation Stories Vitásková, Magdaléna January 2017 (has links) The aim of this thesis is to interpretate the stories The Living, son of the Vigilant, The Bird and Salaman and Absal, written by one of the greatest scholars of medieval Islamic East, Ibn Sina (980-1037). Unlike his philosophical and medical writings these stories have a different character and create a coherent narrative cycle. Based on their themes, narrative methods and symbolism they should be in my opinion called initiation stories. The main aim of this dissertation is thus to verify this hypothesis by means of the hermeneutic interpretation. These stories, read as a coherent cycle, show typical features of initiation genre: the hero can't find his way, his existential condition makes him desperate, he is consumed by strong desire for reaching a higher ontological degree, meets an initiator, goes through initiation rites of passage, crosses the border between the uninitiated and initiated space, reaches the final initiation through symbolic death. The interpretation of each of Ibn Sina's three writings reveals an inner coherence of the stories: The Living, son of the Vigilant focuses on the motive of an initiator-guide and the description of the stages on the initiation way leading upwards, The Bird tells in an emotional way about the state preceding the initiation and then concentrates on...
4	Mapitio: Swahili Muslim Publics and Postcolonial Experience. Kai Kresse. 2018. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. 237 pp. ISBN 9780253037541 & 2019. Dar es Salaam: Mkuki na Nyota. k. 256. SKU: 987998708329911. Brunotti, Irene 14 September 2020 (has links) Katika mapitio hayo, Irene Brunotti aliye Mhadhiri wa Lugha na Taaluma za Kiswahili na Mtafiti wa Chuo Kikuu cha Leipzig anausifu umakinifu wa uchambuzi wa hadhara za Kiislamu za Waswahili uliofanywa na Kai Kresse katika kitabu chake. Anatoa hoja mbalimbali za kusisitiza kwamba kazi hiyo ni mchango wenye thamani kubwa sana katika Taaluma za Kiswahili, Anthropolojia, Falsafa, Ubaadaukoloni na nyingi nyinginezo. / In this review of Kai Kresse’s book, Irene Brunotti, Lecturer in Kiswahili and Swahili Studies and Researcher at the University of Leipzig, highlights the humble attentiveness with which Kresse analyses Swahili Muslim Publics. She advances a variety of arguments which emphasize that Kresse’s is an excellent contribution to Swahili Studies, Anthropology, Philosophy, Postcolonial Studies, and a number of other disciplines.
5	Hétérodoxes et non musulmans dans la pensée d’Abū Ḥāmid al-Ġazālī (m. 1111) / Unorthodox and non-Muslims in the writings of Abū Ḥāmid al-Ġazālī (d. 1111) Pisani, Emmanuel 09 January 2014 (has links) Face aux divisions fratricides de son temps au sein de la communauté musulmane, Abū Ḥāmid al-Ġazālī (m. 505/1111) est amené à développer une synthèse conciliatrice entre les différents courants et mouvements de l’islam afin de combattre la dynamique d’exclusion et d’anathémisation (takfīr) qui menace la communauté. Notre recherche montre que plus al-Ġazālī bataille sur le plan juridique, théologique et mystique pour un grand mouvement d’intégration des différences doctrinales, de conciliation et de respect des différences de lectures ou d’interprétation du Coran, plus son regard sur les non musulmans devient inclusif et ses jugements parfois tranchés cèdent à une appréciation pondérée au point de suggérer des propositions eschatologiques audacieuses quant à leur devenir dans le monde de l’au-delà. / Faced in his lifetime with fratricidal divisions within the muslim community, Abū Ḥāmid al-Ġazālī favoured over the years a conciliatory synthesis of the various strains and movements within Islam in order to combat the spiral of exclusion and denunciation (tafkīr) which threatened the community. The research undertaken here reveals that the more al-Ġazālī militates on a legal, theologial, and mystical level for a wide- sweeping integration of doctrinal differences, and for the acceptance and respect of different readings or interpretations of the Coran, the more understanding and tolerant his attitude to non-muslims becomes, and his sometimes stern judgements give way to a more reasonable appreciation, even to the point of putting forward bold eschatological propositions concerning the future of non-Muslims in the next world. Ghazali Al-Ġazālī Islam Kufr Takfīr Shirk Širk Imān Bātinisme Soufisme Aš‘arisme Fiṭra Zindīq Zandaqa Mulḥid Murtadd Fāsiq Ḥulūl Iṭṭiḥād Ḏimmī Ğihād Eschatologie Théologie des religions Apocatastase Salut Hétérodoxes Innovateurs Kalām Falsafa Ghazali Al-Ġazālī Islam Kufr Takfīr Shirk Širk Imān Bātinisme Soufism Aš‘arism Fiṭra Zindīq Zandaqa Mulḥid Murtadd Fāsiq Ḥulūl Iṭṭiḥād Ḏimmī Ğihād Eschatology Theology of religions Apocatastasis Heterodox Innovators Kalām Falsafa. 210

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